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1、AS/NZS 4474.1:1997 (Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1, 2 and 3) Australian/New Zealand Standard Performance of household electrical appliancesRefrigerating appliances Part 1: Energy consumption and performance AS/NZS 4474.1:1997 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 23 May 2007 AS/NZS 4474.1:199
2、7 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee EL-015, Quality and Performance of Household Electrical Appliances. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 24 February 1997 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 21 F
3、ebruary 1997. This Standard was published on 5 May 1997. The following are represented on Committee EL-015: Australian Association of Certification Bodies Australian Consumers Association Australian Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association Australian Retailers Association Consumer Electro
4、nics Suppliers Association, Australia Department of Energy, N.S.W. Department of Mines and Energy, Qld Electrical Supply Association of Australia Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority of New Zealand Metal Trades Industry Association of Australia National Appliance Energy Efficiency Coordinati
5、ng Committee, Australia New Zealand Manufacturers Federation Office of the Chief Electrical Inspector, Vic. Testing Interest Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodical
6、ly reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchas
7、ed. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards can be found by visiting the Standards Web Shop at .au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standards.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-line catalogue. Alternatively, both organizations publish an annual pri
8、nted Catalogue with full details of all current Standards. For more frequent listings or notification of revisions, amendments and withdrawals, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand offer a number of update options. For information about these services, users should contact their respective
9、national Standards organization. We also welcome suggestions for improvement in our Standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Please address your comments to the Chief Executive of either Standards Australia or Standards New Zea
10、land at the address shown on the back cover. This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 96228. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 23 May 2007 AS/NZS 4474.1:1997 (Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1, 2 and 3) Australian/New Zealand Standard Performance of household electrical appli
11、ancesRefrigerating appliances Part 1: Energy consumption and performance COPYRIGHT Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written pe
12、rmission of the publisher. Jointly published by Standards Australia, GPO Box 5420, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020 ISBN 0 7337 1159 6 Originated in Australia as AS B1161956. Previous Australian editions AS 14301986 and part of AS 2575.21989. Originated i
13、n New Zealand as NZS 6205:1982. AS 14301986 and part of AS 2575.21989/NZS 6205.2:1989 jointly revised, amalgamated and redesignated as AS/NZS 4474.1:1997. Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 1 (December 2001). Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 2 (April 2004). Reissued incorporating Amendment No.
14、 3 (December 2004). Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 23 May 2007 AS/NZS 4474.1:1997 2 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee EL-015, Quality and Performance of Household Electrical Appliances to supersede AS 1430-1986, Househol
15、d refrigerators and freezers, and to supersede, in part, AS 2575.2-1989/NZS 6205.2:1989, Energy labelling of appliances, Part 2: Refrigerators, refrigerator/freezers and freezers-Determination of energy consumption and efficiency rating, on 1 October 1999. This Standard incorporates Amendment No. 1
16、(December 2001), Amendment No. 2 (April 2004) and Amendment No. 3 (December 2004). The changes required by the Amendments are indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment number against the clause, note, table, figure or part thereof affected. The test methods and selected other requirement
17、s from both of the above Standards have been revised, and are now contained in this single document. Wherever possible, test conditions and requirements for performance and energy consumption tests have been harmonized to reduce the amount of testing required. Amendment No. 1 (December 2001) include
18、d changes in the definition and application of adaptive defrost controls (Clause 1.3.7); changes in the definition and number of groups (group 5 is now divided into top freezer and bottom freezer configurations in Table 1.1) and a change in the test voltage (Appendix B4.1). Amendment No. 1 also intr
19、oduced to this Standard, requirements for MEPS 2004 that were to apply from 1 October 2004. The changes to the MEPS requirements will now not apply until 1 January 2005. Consequently, references to MEPS 2004 throughout this Standard and AS/NZS 4474.2 have been changed to MEPS 2005. Where requirement
20、s differ to assess compliance with either existing or new MEPS levels, these are shown in this Standard and in AS/NZS 4474.2 as MEPS 1999 and MEPS 2005 requirements respectively. For products to comply with the MEPS 2005 requirements of AS/NZS 4474.2, they shall be tested to the MEPS 2005 requiremen
21、ts of this Standard (refer to Appendix B4.1 for exception). Similarly, for products to comply with the MEPS 1999 requirements of AS/NZS 4474.2 they shall be tested to the MEPS 1999 requirements of this Standard. The new MEPS 2005 levels were developed and agreed by industry and government representa
22、tives during 2000, and are to be introduced on 1 January 2005. Until 31 December 2004, it is anticipated that regulatory authorities will accept testing of appliances to either MEPS 1999 requirements or MEPS 2005 requirements. All appliances within the scope of MEPS, manufactured or imported for sal
23、e in Australia or in New Zealand on or after 1 January 2005, are required to meet the MEPS 2005 requirements. In addition, at the time of sale in Australia, such appliances are required to hold a valid registration which indicates compliance with the relevant MEPS requirements. This Standard is Part
24、 1 of the following series: AS/NZS 4474 Performance of household electrical appliances-Refrigerating appliances 4474.1 Part 1: Energy consumption and performance (this Standard) 4474.2 Part 2: Energy labelling and minimum energy performance standard requirements The Parts in this series are defined
25、as follows: (a) Part 1 includes all test conditions, requirements for temperature performance and the method for determination of energy consumption. A1 A1 and A2 A3 A2 and A3 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 23 May 2007 3 AS/NZS 4474.1:1997 (b) Part 2 includes algorithms for the calcula
26、tion of the energy efficiency rating, star rating and comparative energy consumption, performance requirements, details of the energy label and requirements for the valid application thereof. It also contains the minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) for refrigerators and freezers. It is publi
27、shed with the approval of the combined state regulatory authorities and is structured to be suitable for reference in energy labelling regulatory legislation. It refers to Part 1 for test procedures. The objective of this series of Standards is to promote high levels of quality, performance and effi
28、ciency in household refrigerating appliances. The objective of this Standard is to provide test laboratories with test methods and minimum performance requirements so that the performance, including energy consumption, of household refrigerating appliances can be measured, compared and evaluated. Th
29、e changes to the previous edition relevant to this Standard include the following: (i) The range of classes has been modified to enable the identification of features which affect minimum energy performance standards (MEPS). This classification class has been replaced by group. (ii) The test method
30、includes a procedure to test units with any combination of compartments, including compartments with special uses not previously defined. (iii) The requirement for freezer packs at 10C and 32C ambient for Group 6 and Group 7 freezers has been deleted from performance tests for ease of testing and to
31、 allow common testing for energy and performance in the 32C ambient. Further research and testing will be required before deletion of freezer packs for other classes and conditions can be implemented for performance tests. It should be noted that all tests for energy consumption are conducted withou
32、t freezer packs. (iv) Test procedures for determination of energy consumption have been simplified and numerical methods for interpolation can provide improved accuracy and speed of calculation for test reports. (v) The minimum time for an energy consumption test for a cyclic defrost refrigerator ha
33、s been altered. The energy consumption test for automatic total defrost (frost-free) refrigerating appliances has now been specified as being measured from a point in one defrost cycle to a corresponding point in the next or multiple of that cycle. Both the 16 h time constraint and the requirement t
34、hat at least 1 kWh of energy be consumed have been deleted. (vi) The use of adaptive or delayed time defrost systems has been recognized but with a limitation based on the view that in actual usage the average defrost period will not be delayed beyond 24 h. In the future, experience with adaptive de
35、frost systems may result in appropriate amendments to this approach. (vii) Check tests (as specified in AS 14301986) have been removed from this Standard, being treated as a quality assurance matter more appropriately covered elsewhere. Check tests, which are used to verify a manufacturers claim are
36、 now referred to in this Standard and AS/NZS 4474.2. Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables and figures are deemed to be requirements to this Standard. The terms normative and informative have been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which they appl
37、y. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an informative appendix is only for information and guidance. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 23 May 2007 AS/NZS 4474.1:1997 4 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD6 SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE 9 1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 9 1.
38、3 DEFINITIONS 9 SECTION 2 CLASSIFICATION, MEASUREMENT AND TEST REQUIREMENTS 2.1 SCOPE 19 2.2 CONSIDERATION OF CONVENIENCE FEATURES 19 2.3 CLASSIFICATION OF APPLIANCES. 19 2.4 DEFROST CONTROL CYCLE CHARACTERISTICS 21 2.5 STORAGE SHELF AREA 21 2.6 GROSS AND STORAGE VOLUMES 22 2.7 TEST ROOM, INSTRUMENT
39、ATION AND MATERIALS. 22 2.8 PREPARATION OF AN APPLIANCE FOR TESTING . 22 2.9 DETERMINATION OF COMPARTMENT AIR TEMPERATURES. 22 2.10 SELECTION AND PLACEMENT OF FREEZER TEST PACKAGES 22 2.11 THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM (FOR PULL DOWN TESTS) 22 2.12 PULL DOWN PERFORMANCE 22 2.13 THERMAL STABILITY (FOR OPERATIN
40、G TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE, ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND AUTOMATIC ICE-MAKING) 22 2.14 AUTOMATIC ICE-MAKING PERFORMANCE. 22 2.15 OPERATING TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE 22 2.16 DETERMINATION OF TESTED ENERGY CONSUMPTION (Et) . 22 2.17 METHOD OF INTERPOLATION FOR A SINGLE-CONTROL 22 2.18 METHOD OF INTERPOLATION F
41、OR TWO CONTROLS 23 2.19 FITTING A QUADRATIC EQUATION TO EXPERIMENTAL DATA 23 2.20 CALCULATION OF Et-WORKED EXAMPLES. 23 2.21 DETERMINATION OF APPLIANCE GROUP-WORKED EXAMPLES 23 2.22 REPORTING OF RESULTS. 23 SECTION 3 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 3.1 GENERAL 24 3.2 RATED STORAGE SHELF AREA 24 3.3 RATED G
42、ROSS AND STORAGE VOLUMES 24 3.4 PULL DOWN 24 3.5 AUTOMATIC ICE-MAKING CAPACITY 25 3.6 OPERATING TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE 25 3.7 TESTED ENERGY CONSUMPTION (Et) 27 3.8 MARKINGS 28 SECTION 4 MARKING REQUIREMENTS 4.1 GENERAL 29 4.2 HOUSEHOLD REFRIGERATING APPLIANCE GROUP. 29 4.3 FOOD STORAGE COMPARTMENT
43、TYPE 29 4.4 MODEL IDENTIFICATIONS. 29 4.5 RATED GROSS AND STORAGE VOLUMES 29 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 23 May 2007 5 AS/NZS 4474.1:1997 Page APPENDICES A DETERMINATION OF VOLUME AND AREAS 30 B TEST ROOM, INSTRUMENTATION AND MATERIALS. 56 C PREPARATION OF AN APPLIANCE FOR TESTING A
44、ND GENERAL TEST PROCEDURES 60 D DETERMINATION OF COMPARTMENT AVERAGE AIR TEMPERATURES FOR OPERATION AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION TEST. 62 E DETERMINATION OF COMPARTMENT TEMPERATURES USING FREEZER TEST PACKAGES 72 F THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM FOR PULL DOWN TESTS. 78 G PULL DOWN TEST 79 H THERMAL STABILITY FOR THE
45、 DETERMINATION OF OPERATING TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE, ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND AUTOMATIC ICE-MAKING. 81 I AUTOMATIC ICE-MAKING TEST. 83 J OPERATING TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE TEST 85 K DETERMINATION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION. 90 L METHOD OF INTERPOLATION WHEN ONLY ONE CONTROL IS ADJUSTED. 95 M METHOD OF INTER
46、POLATION WHEN TWO CONTROLS ARE ADJUSTED. 102 N FITTING A QUADRATIC EQUATION TO THREE POINTS. 107 O EXAMPLES OF DETERMINATIONS OF TESTED ENERGY CONSUMPTION (Et) 109 P EXAMPLE DETERMINATIONS OF APPLIANCE GROUP. 118 Q REFRIGERATING APPLIANCE TEST REPORT FORMAT 123 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRA
47、LIA on 23 May 2007 AS/NZS 4474.1:1997 6 FOREWORD In considering the performance of refrigerating appliances available in Australia and New Zealand, it is often necessary to consider the methods of testing used in Europe (i.e. ISO) and in North America. The scope of this Standard is covered by four I
48、SO publications as follows: ISO 5155 (freezers) ISO 7371 (refrigerators without freezers) ISO 8187 (refrigerator/freezers) ISO 8561 (forced air/frost free units) In North America, most energy consumption testing is carried out under US Department of Energy Code of Federal Regulations (CFR Part 430,
49、Subpart B, Appendices A1 and B1) which is based on AHAM HRF-1-1988. Where possible, this Standard harmonizes with the ISO Standards, however there are two fundamental differences as follows: (a) The various ISO Standards provide for a choice of climate classes, each of which is considered to be too narrow for Australia and New Zealand, where, because of factors such as wide diurnal temperature ranges, the methods of house construction, and a diversity of climates, the ability to operate over a wide temperature range, i.e. 10C to 43C, is
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