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1、AS 49892006 (Incorporating Amendment No. 1) Australian Standard TrampolinesSafety aspects AS 49892006 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 25 Jul 2008 This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee CS-100, Trampolines. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 13
2、 September 2006. This Standard was published on 3 October 2006. The following are represented on Committee CS-100: Australian Competition and Consumer Commission Australian Industry Group Australian Retailers Association Australian Toy Association Consumers Federation of Australia Department of Cons
3、umer and Employment Protection (WA) Department of Education and Training (NSW) Engineers of Australia Gymnastics Australia New South Wales Department of Community Services Office of Fair Trading NSW Consumer Protection Agency Plastics and Chemicals Industries Association Incorporated The Childrens H
4、ospital Westmead This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 06097. Standards Australia wishes to acknowledge the participation of the expert individuals that contributed to the development of this Standard through their representation on the Committee and through the public comment per
5、iod. Keeping Standards up-to-date Keeping Standards up-to-date Australian Standards are living documents that reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be
6、issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments that may have been published since the Standard was published. Detailed information about Australian Standards, drafts, amendments and new pr
7、ojects can be found by visiting w www.standards.org.auww.standards.org.au Standards Australia welcomes suggestions for improvements, and encourages readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Contact us via email at mailstandards.org.aumailstandards.org.au, or write
8、 to Standards Australia, GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 25 Jul 2008 AS 49892006 (Incorporating Amendment No. 1) Australian Standard TrampolinesSafety aspects Originated as AS 49892003. Second edition 2006. Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 1 (February
9、2008). COPYRIGHT Standards Australia All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Published by Standards Australia GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 200
10、1, Australia ISBN 0 7337 7766 X Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 25 Jul 2008 AS 49892006 2 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by Standards Australia Committee CS-100, Trampolines to supersede AS 49892003, Trampolines. This Standard incorporates Amendment No. 1 (February 2008). The change
11、s required by the Amendment are indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment number against the clause, note, table, figure or part thereof affected. In the preparation of this Standard cognizance was taken of ASTM F381-04, Standard Safety Specification for Components, Assembly, Use, and La
12、belling of Consumer Trampolines, which was prepared by the American Society for Testing and Materials Committee F08 on Sports Equipment and Facilities, Subcommittee F08.17 on Trampolines. The objective of this revision is to remove specifications of trampoline frame design and to concentrate on safe
13、ty aspects such as padding design, sharp edges and marking and consumer information. The terms normative and informative have been used in this Standard to define the application to which they apply. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an informative appendix is only for
14、information and guidance. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 25 Jul 2008 3 AS 49892006 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD4 SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE 5 1.2 OBJECTIVE5 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 5 1.4 DEFINITIONS 5 SECTION 2 COMPONENTS AND DESIGN 2.1 COMPONENTS8 2.2 DESIGN 8 SECTION 3 INFORMAT
15、ION AND MARKING REQUIREMENTS 3.1 INFORMATION PACKET . 11 3.2 SAFETY INFORMATION 11 3.3 INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS. 12 3.4 PRODUCT MARKING. 14 3.5 PACKAGING AND PACKAGE MARKING 15 APPENDICES A ADDITIONAL SAFE USE INSTRUCTIONS. 16 B SKILLS . 17 C TEST METHOD FOR FRAME PADDING AND OTHER
16、SOFT EDGE SYSTEMS. 25 D IMPACT GRAPHSACCELERATION VERSUS TIME 29 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 25 Jul 2008 AS 49892006 4 FOREWORD In industrial safety, there is a recognized hierarchy of hazard control measures, based on the principle that hazards should be removed by engineering out,
17、 and that personal protective equipment is a last line of defence. Trampolines present a different situation. Ideally, a trampoline should encourage development of gross motor skills and also present a stimulating environment which presents trampoline users with manageable challenges, through which
18、users can find and test their limits. In order to provide these challenges, a balance must be found between risk and safety. This Standard does not purport to address all of the hazards associated with trampolines. The Standards existence alone will not necessarily prevent injuries. Like other physi
19、cal activities, trampoline use involves the risk of injury, particularly if the equipment is used improperly. Committee CS-100 concluded that the best way to reduce risk of injury to users was to specify minimum acceptable design standards and to include appropriate consumer information requirements
20、. Provision of additional information is strongly recommended. Committee CS-100 acknowledges that approximately 50% of injuries pertaining to trampolines relate to falls onto surrounding surfaces. The Committee is considering providing provisions on trampoline enclosures and in-ground installations
21、in the future. Trampoline designers, manufacturers, distributors and retailers must take every possible care to identify and eliminate unacceptable trampoline risks and minimize other hazards associated with trampolines. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 25 Jul 2008 5 AS 49892006 www.stan
22、dards.org.au Standards Australia STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Australian Standard TrampolinesSafety aspects S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L 1.1 SCOPE This Standard sets out requirements for the safety padding system and suspension system for trampolines, product marking, and instructional mater
23、ial to be included with the product, comprising information on assembly, maintenance and the safe use of trampolines. It specifies the minimum requirements for frame padding and provides a method of test by which its impact energy attenuation can be determined. 1.2 OBJECTIVE The objective of this St
24、andard is to provide manufacturers and suppliers with requirements for the safety padding system and suspension system for trampolines. It also provides requirements for instructional material for assembly, maintenance and safe use of trampolines and specific requirements for areas where impact ener
25、gy attenuation is necessary. 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS/NZS 2512 Methods of testing protective helmets 2512.1 Part 1:Definitions and headforms AS/NZS ISO 8124 Safety of toys 8124.1 Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical pr
26、operties (ISO 8124-1:2000, MOD) ASTM G154 Standard practice for operating fluorescent light apparatus for UV exposure of non-metallic materials ISO 6487 Road vehiclesMeasurement techniques in impact testsInstrumentation 1.4 DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this Standard the definitions below apply. 1
27、.4.1 Acceleration A vector that specifies the time-derivative (rate of change) of velocity. 1.4.2 Acceleration pulse A non-oscillatory acceleration of a short duration. 1.4.3 Accelerometer A transducer (sensor) whose electrical output is proportional to acceleration for a specified axis and frequenc
28、y range. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 25 Jul 2008 AS 49892006 6 Standards Australia www.standards.org.au 1.4.4 Access device An object designed to provide a means of getting onto the trampoline bed including, but not limited to, trampoline ladders. 1.4.5 Bed A flexible surface which
29、the user contacts in the course of bouncing on a trampoline. 1.4.6 Bouncing The action considered as normal use of a trampoline consisting of vertical jumping. 1.4.7 Folding-type trampoline A trampoline whose frame can be folded when not in use, (see Clause 1.4.20). 1.4.8 Frame A structure construct
30、ed of rigid supportive materials from which the bed is suspended. 1.4.9 Frame padding system Shock-attenuating protective device(s) that attaches to the frame to cover the frame and suspension system. 1.4.10 g The acceleration due to the earths gravity at surface at sea level. It varies with the lat
31、itude and elevation of the observer. By international agreement, the value 9.80665 m/s2 is the nominal international standard acceleration due to gravity. 1.4.11 gmax The maximum acceleration experienced during the impact test. 1.4.12 Headform A device used to impact the trampoline frame padding sys
32、tem and house the accelerometers. 1.4.13 Impact height The distance between the uppermost surface trampoline padding system and the lowest boundary of the headform. 1.4.14 Impact point The test location that is hit by the headform during an impact test. 1.4.15 Impact test A series of at least four i
33、mpact measurements carried out from a specified impact height. 1.4.16 Ladder A structure commonly consisting of two sidepieces between which a series of bars or rungs are set at suitable distances, forming a means of ascent or descent, specifically designed for use with a trampoline and may be desig
34、ned to be easily removable. 1.4.17 Legs Part of the framework constructed of rigid materials which support the frame. 1.4.18 Mat A common, though non-preferred term referring to a bed, (see Clause 1.4.5). 1.4.19 Permitted load Maximum dynamic design load calculated using maximum design mass of users
35、 and average dynamic loadings. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 25 Jul 2008 7 AS 49892006 www.standards.org.au Standards Australia 1.4.20 Portable Able to be easily moved without disassembly, though usually requiring the assistance of devices such as roller stands. Folding-type trampolin
36、es are often intended to be portable. 1.4.21 Roller stand A device that is used to assist in rolling and moving a folding-type trampoline frame. 1.4.22 Shock-attenuation Property of frame padding system or edge system, transforming the kinetic energy from falls into controlled deceleration/time beha
37、viour during impact. 1.4.23 Suspension system An arrangement of a set of elastic devices that connect the bed to the frame to provide support and to allow free movement, for example, steel extension springs. 1.4.24 Test position A position on the trampoline padding system or edge system to be tested
38、, located perpendicularly below the centre of the headform. 1.4.25 Trampoline A rebound device activated by vertical jumping, upon which physical exercises are performed. 1.4.26 Transducer A device that translates the magnitude of an impact into an electrical signal that is proportional to this impa
39、ct. 1.4.27 Tri-axial accelerometer A transducer or a combination of three transducers used to measure the three vector components of acceleration in three dimensions relative to three orthogonal spatial axes. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 25 Jul 2008 AS 49892006 8 Standards Australia
40、www.standards.org.au S E C T I O N 2 C O M P O N E N T S A N D D E S I G N 2.1 COMPONENTS 2.1.1 Required components A trampoline shall include the following as a minimum: (a)A suspension system in accordance with Clause 2.2.1. (b)Frame padding system in accordance with Clause 2.2.2 or Clause 2.2.3.
41、(c)A bed in accordance with Clause 2.2.4. (d)An information packet in accordance with Clause 3.1. (e)Suitable product markings in accordance with Clause 3.2. 2.1.2 Access device A trampoline shall not include an access device (e.g. trampoline ladder) as a component part or within the same packaging.
42、 NOTE: Presence of an access device provides unsupervised access to a trampoline for young children who do not have the necessary skills and experience. 2.2 DESIGN 2.2.1 Suspension system The suspension system shall be designed so as to protect the user from injury due to contact with the sharp ends
43、 of the trampoline springs or other spring inducing mechanisms in accordance with AS/NZS ISO 8124.1. The suspension system shall be able to withstand maximum permitted loads without permanent deformation to any elements in the system. 2.2.2 Frame padding system 2.2.2.1 General Frame padding systems
44、are required where the frame and the springs are in the same plane as the bed. 2.2.2.2 Positioning The frame padding system shall remain securely attached to the frame throughout the test procedure given in Appendix C. 2.2.2.3 Coverage The frame padding system shall cover the entire top surface of t
45、he frame and be wide enough to completely cover the entire top surface of the suspension system. 2.2.2.4 Performance requirement The shock-attenuating material or system used in the frame padding system, shall have the following properties: (a)gmax shall be less than 200g 1g when the frame padding s
46、ystem is tested in accordance with Appendix C, using a headform dropped from a distance of 1500 +10, 0 mm. (b)This test procedure is only valid for impact events with a total duration of more than 6 0.1 ms, i.e. (tend tstart 6 0.1 ms) where tstart = time at the start of an impact event when the acce
47、leration of the headform equals or exceeds 10g 0.5g; and tend = time at the end of an impact event when the acceleration of the headform first equals or falls below 10g 0.5g. A1 A1 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 25 Jul 2008 9 AS 49892006 www.standards.org.au Standards Australia NOTE: F
48、or acceleration pulses that are multi-peaked, the tend should be determined by linearly extrapolating the trailing edge of the initial pulse to 10g 0.5g. A pulse will be considered to be multi-peaked if there is a valley within the acceleration pulse of 10g 0.5g or more. See Appendix D for example o
49、f pass/fail graphics. (c)Cover the frame, springs, and frame hardware at all times during testing or under intended simulated usage. There shall be no exposure of the frame or spring suspension system components. (d)Be designed to withstand direct impact of the users body without allowing any limbs to penetrate the suspension system. (e)To provide continuous coverage of the periphery of the trampolines so as to limit penetration of the suspension system by a limb in a v
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