AS-1289.3.8.3-1997.pdf
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1、1AS 1289.3.8.31997 Australian Standard Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes Method 3.8.3: Soil classification tests DispersionDetermination of pinhole dispersion classification of a soil 1SCOPEThis Standard sets out the method for the determination of pinhole dis- persion classification
2、 of a compacted fine-grained soil. The test is carried out on the portion of soil passing the 2.36 mm aperture sieve and using either local, tap or distilled water. 2REFERENCED DOCUMENTSThe following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 1152Specification for test sieves 1289Methods of test
3、ing soils for engineering purposes 1289.0Method 0: General requirements and list of methods 1289.2.1.1Method 2.1.1: Soil moisture content testsDetermination of the moisture content of a soilOven drying method (standard method) 1289.3.2.1Method 3.2.1: Soil classification testsDetermination of the pla
4、stic limit of a soilStandard method 1289.5.1.1Method 5.1.1: Soil compaction and density testsDetermination of the dry density/moisture content relation of a soil using standard compactive effort 1289.5.4.1Method 5.4.1: SoilcompactionanddensitytestsCompactioncontrol testDry density ratio, moisture va
5、riation and moisture ratio 3APPARATUSThe following apparatus shall be used: (a)Constant head tank (see Figure 1) or other appropriate constant head assembly. (b)Soil specimen cylinder about 33 mm internal diameter and 100 mm long (see Figure 2). (c)Airtight sample bags or other suitable airtight con
6、tainers. (d)Plastic or brass nipple (see Figure 2). (e)1.0 0.01 mm diameter stiff steel wire. (f)Stop-clock readable and accurate to 2 s over period of 10 min. (g)Graduated measuring cylinders (see Note 1). (h)Sieve, 2.36 mm aperture as designated in AS 1152. COPYRIGHT Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND IN
7、STITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 AS 1289.3.8.319972 (i)Apparatus to hold the soil specimen cylinder during assembly and extrusion of the specimen. (j)Pea gravel passing 9.5 mm retained on 6.7 mm sieves washed, rounded and non-porous. (k)Wire screens, 1.18 mm aperture. 4PROCEDUREThe procedure shall be as foll
8、ows: (a)Ensure that soil samples are kept at natural moisture content by shipping and storing in airtight bags or containers before testing (see Note 2). (b)Sieve soil through 2.36 mm sieve to remove the gravel particles to produce a test sample. (c)Determine the natural moisture content of the test
9、 sample obtained in Step (b) in accordance with AS 1289.2.1.1. (d)If required, the following tests shall also be performed: (i)Determinetheplasticlimitofthetestsampleinaccordancewith AS 1289.3.2.1. (ii)Determine the maximum dry density of the test sample in accordance with AS 1289.5.1.1. (e)Adjust t
10、he moisture content of the test sample to approximately the plastic limit or to a value as otherwise specified. When adding water, use water selected for the test. When drying to remove water the temperature shall not exceed 50C. Thoroughly and uniformly mix the test sample. (It may be necessary to
11、allow the test sample to mature for not less than 24 h in an airtight container.) (f)Calculate the mass of wet soil required to produce a layer of one-fifth of the final height of the specimen compacted to a density ratio equal to 95 percent of the maximum dry density (see AS 1289.5.4.1), or to a de
12、nsity or density ratio as otherwise specified. Prepare five portions of required size from the test sample prepared in accordance with Clause 4(e) (see Note 3). (g)Place one portion in the 100 mm long plastic cylinder on top of the pea gravel and wire screen and compact to achieve the required heigh
13、t. Alternatively, the soil portions may be compacted on top of a rigid block which fits snugly inside the plastic cylinder to locate the specimen, subsequently insert the gravel and wire screen. (h)Repeat Step (g) for the subsequent four layers. Mature the compacted sample for not less than 24 h in
14、an airtight container. (i)Push the plastic or brass nipple into the top of the specimen with finger pressure until the end is flush with the compacted soil face. (j)Push a hole through the soil specimen from the opening in the nipple using the 1.0 mm diameter stiff steel wire. Inspect the hole to en
15、sure that the waterway is clear. (k)Assemble the apparatus as shown in Figure 1 or equivalent assembly and connect to a constant head tank filled with selected water. (l)Percolate water through the hole in the specimen, commencing with a head of 50 mm, then using heads of 175, 350 and 1000 mm, as an
16、d where necessary, to comply with the method described in Steps (l) to (o). COPYRIGHT Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 3AS 1289.3.8.31997 As the measuring cylinder collects the outflow, record the time taken for every (i)10 mL increment at the 50 mm head; (ii)25 mL increment at
17、the 175 mm head; and (iii)50 mL increment at the 350 and 1000 mm heads. Observe the colour of the water by looking through the side of the cylinder and vertically through the column of fluid in the cylinder (see Note 4). (m)Set the head to 50 mm and allow the water to flow through the specimen. Meas
18、ure the flow through the soil for 5 min 2 s in accordance with the following provisos: (i)If the flow is visibly cloudy, continue the test for an additional 5 min. If the flow does not become clearer with time, the test is complete; if the flow becomes clear, proceed to Step (n). (ii)If the flow has
19、 a slight but easily visible colour when viewed from the side of the cylinder, continue the test for an additional 5 min. If the flow does not become clearer with time the test is complete; if the flow becomes clear proceed to Step (n). (iii)If the water is clear (or only has a trace of colour) afte
20、r 5 min, proceed to Step (n). (n)Raise the head to 175 mm and allow the water to flow through the specimen. Measure the flow through the soil for 5 min 2 s in accordance with the following provisos: (i)If the water has colour and the rate of flow increases rapidly, stop the test. (ii)If the water co
21、ntinues to flow clear, or has only a trace of colour as seen from the side of the cylinder, proceed to Step (o). (o)Raise the head to 350 mm and allow the water to flow through the specimen. Measure the flow through the soil for 5 min +2 s in accordance with the following provisos: (i)If the flow ha
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