BS 1016-113-1995 ISO 540-1995.pdf
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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 1016-113: 1995 ISO 540:1995 Methods for Analysis and testing of coal and coke Part 113: Determination of ash fusibility Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 08:08:14 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 1016-113:1995 This British Standard, having been p
2、repared under the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1995 BSI 07-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference SFI/3 Draft for comment 93/5
3、02544 DC ISBN 0 580 24615 9 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee SFI/3, Analysis and testing of coal and coke, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Cement Association British Coal Corporati
4、on British Gas plc British Steel Industry Electricity Association GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) Power Generation Contractors Association PGCA (BEAMA Ltd.) Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 08:08:14 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy
5、, (c) BSI BS 1016-113:1995 BSI 07-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Definitions1 4Principle1 5Reagents1 6Apparatus1 7Test conditions2 8Calibration check2 9Preparation of the test piece3 10Procedure4 11Precision of the met
6、hod4 12Test report4 Figure 1 Characteristic shapes of the pyramidal test piece3 Figure 2 Characteristic shapes of the cylindrical or cubical test piece3 Figure 3 Characteristic shapes of the truncated-cone test piece4 Table1 5 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldu
7、n, na, Fri Nov 24 08:08:14 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 1016-113:1995 ii BSI 07-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee SFI/3 and is identical with ISO 540:1995, Solid mineral fuels Determination of fusibility of ash High-temperature tub
8、e method, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This British Standard is a revision of BS 1016-15:1970 which is withdrawn. BS 1016-15 is renumbered as Part 113 under a scheme for rationalizing and restructuring BS 1016. The Parts numbered from 1 to 21 are gradually b
9、eing withdrawn and replaced by Parts in the new series. The full list of Parts in the new series, together with corresponding numbering of the old series and related ISO standards is given in BS 1016 Methods for analysis and testing of coal and coke Part 100:1994 General introduction and sampling re
10、port. The Technical Committee has reviewed the provisions of ISO 1171:1981 to which normative reference is made in the text, and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. A related British Standard to ISO 1171:1981 is BS 1016 Methods for analysis and testing of
11、coal and coke Section 104.4:1991 Determination of ash. NOTE 1ISO 1171:1981 is being revised and it is intended to implement this revision as an identical British Standard. NOTE 2The UK has indicated that a more appropriate title for 11.2 would be “Reproducibility critical difference”. A British Stan
12、dard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover,
13、 an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun,
14、na, Fri Nov 24 08:08:14 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 1016-113:1995 BSI 07-19991 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method of determining the characteristic fusion temperatures of ash from solid mineral fuels. 2 Normative reference The following standard contains provisi
15、ons which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possib
16、ility of applying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 1171:1981, Solid mineral fuels Determination of ash. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following defin
17、itions apply. 3.1 deformation temperature (abbreviation: DT) the temperature at which the first signs of rounding, due to melting, of the tip or edges of the test piece occur NOTE 1Shrinkage or distortion of the test piece, or rounding of cracks and fins, are not criteria for deformation, and should
18、 be ignored if the tip and edges remain sharp. However, for some solid mineral fuels, the temperature at which the test piece shrinkage begins could be of interest and should be reported as a feature noted during the determination. 3.2 sphere temperature (abbreviation: ST) in the case of pyramidal a
19、nd truncated-cone test pieces, the temperature at which the height is equal to the width of the base, and in the case of cubical or cylindrical test pieces, the temperature at which the edges of the test pieces become completely round with the height remaining unchanged 3.3 hemisphere temperature (a
20、bbreviation: HT) the temperature at which the test piece forms approximately a hemisphere, i.e. when the height becomes equal to half the base diameter 3.4 flow temperature (abbreviation: FT) the temperature at which the ash is spread out over the supporting tile in a layer, the height of which is o
21、ne-third of the height of the test piece at the hemisphere temperature 4 Principle A test piece made from the ash is heated under standard conditions and continuously observed. The temperatures at which characteristic changes of shape occur are recorded. The characteristic temperatures are defined i
22、n clause 3 (see also Figure 1 to Figure 3 ). Although the determination is usually carried out in a reducing atmosphere, additional information can sometimes be obtained by carrying out a further determination in an oxidizing atmosphere. In general, the reducing atmospheres recommended give the lowe
23、st characteristic temperatures. 5 Reagents 5.1 Dextrin, 100 g/l solution. Dissolve 10 g of dextrin in 100 ml of water. 5.2 Petroleum jelly 5.3 Gold wire, of diameter 0,5 mm or larger, or gold plate, of thickness 0,5 mm to 1,0 mm, with a purity of 99,99 % and a melting point of 1 064 C. 5.4 Nickel wi
24、re, of diameter 0,5 mm or larger, or nickel plate, of thickness 0,5 mm to 1,0 mm, with a purity of 99,9 % and a melting point of 1 455 C. 5.5 Palladium wire, of diameter 0,5 mm or larger, or palladium plate, of thickness 0,5 mm to 1,0 mm with a purity of 99,9 % and a melting point of 1 554 C. 5.6 Ca
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