《BS-3618-6-1972.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《BS-3618-6-1972.pdf(22页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 3618-6: 1972 Glossary of Mining terms Section 6: Drilling and blasting Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:13:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3618-6:1972 This British Standard, having been approved by the Mining and Quarrying Requisites Indu
2、stry Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Executive Board on 30 March 1972 BSI 12-1999 First published August 1964 First revision March 1972 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MQE/17 Draft for approval 71/41397 ISBN 580 0683
3、9 0 Co-operating organizations The Mining and Quarrying Requisites Industry Standards Committee, under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government department and scientific and industrial organizations: Association of Mining Electri
4、cal and Mechanical Engineers* British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Association British Steel Industry Council of Underground Machinery Manufacturers Department of Trade and Industry* Engineering Equipment Users Association Federation of Manufacturers of Construction Equipment and Cranes Insti
5、tute of Quarrying Institution of Mechanical Engineers Institution of Mining Engineers* National Coal Board* The Government department and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the pre
6、paration of this British Standard: Institution of Mining and Metallurgy University of Birmingham University of London University of Nottingham Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:13:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (
7、c) BSI BS 3618-6:1972 BSI 12-1999i Contents Page Co-operating organizationsInside front cover Forewordii Glossary1 Figure 1 The burn cut9 Figure 2 The cone cut10 Figure 3 The drag cut11 Figure 4 The fan cut12 Figure 5 The pyramid cut13 Figure 6 The wedge cut14 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun,
8、 na, Wed Nov 29 03:13:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3618-6:1972 ii BSI 12-1999 Foreword This glossary has been prepared, under the authority of the Mining and Quarrying Requisites Industry Standards Committee, in order to standardize and to co-ordinate the technical terms in curre
9、nt use in mining in the United Kingdom. Although the majority of the terms defined in the original edition of this glossary were primarily concerned with coal mining, account has been taken of terms used in other forms of mining and of quarrying. The need for this glossary arose from the widely vary
10、ing interpretation of terms used within the industry, and the prevalent use of more than one synonym, some purely local in origin, to indicate specific meanings. The glossary has been issued in a number of sections, according to subject matter, as follows: Section 1: Planning and surveying; Section
11、2: Ventilation; Section 3: Boring and exploration; Section 4: Drainage; Section 5: Geology; Section 6: Drilling and blasting; Section 7: Electrical engineering and lighting; Section 8: Winning and working; Section 9: Shafts and associated equipment; Section 10: Transport; Section 11: Strata control.
12、 In the normal process of periodical review of the BS 3618 publications it was seen that a number of modifications and additions were desirable to Section 6, “Drilling and blasting”; therefore, since the edition was dated 1964, it was decided to publish a revision incorporating these changes. In com
13、piling the glossary account has been taken of the fact that terms primarily associated with coal are separately defined in BS 3323, “Glossary of coal terms”, and terms relating to coal preparation are defined in BS 3552, “Glossary of terms used in coal preparation”. The following factors also have a
14、pplied in the statement, selection and definition of terms: 1) Where two or more terms are grouped together, the term which is favoured is printed first and in heavy type. It is hoped that such preferred terms will gradually displace the non-preferred terms. The non-preferred terms of a group are pr
15、inted in small capital letters. Where the use of any term is considered to be undesirable it is marked deprecated. 2) Generally, only terms which have a specific meaning in this field have been included. Where a technical term has an accepted meaning in other fields of engineering it has been omitte
16、d; the few exceptions are terms which are of particular importance in mining. 3) Purely local terms are not defined, but those of sufficient importance are included as non-preferred terms. 4) Obsolete terms are excluded. The subject of soil mechanics is not covered by this standard and, for terms in
17、 that field, reference should be made to CP 2001, “Site investigations”, and CP 2003, “Earthworks”. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:13:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3618-6:1972 BSI 12-1999iii A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessar
18、y provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to
19、 14 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:13:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv b
20、lank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:13:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3618-6:1972 BSI 12-19991 Glossary TermDefinition air blastingA method of blasting in which compressed air at very high pressure is piped to a steel shell in a shothole and discharged. a
21、irlegA device, incorporating a pneumatic cylinder, providing support and thrust for a jackhammer. ANFOA mixture of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil in such proportions that the mixture can be detonated with a suitable initiator. base charge1. The detonating component in a detonator, initiated by the pr
22、iming charge. 2. The bottom charge in a deep borehole in quarry blasting. batterySee exploder. benchA part of the face of a large excavation which is not advanced as part of the round but as a separate operation. bit1. A cutting tool which is detachable from the drill rod. 2. The end of a drill stem
23、 that forms the actual cutting edge. black blasting powderSee black powder. black powder BLACK BLASTING POWDER BLACKPOWDER GUNPOWDER, deprecated A low explosive composed of sodium or potassium nitrate, charcoal and sulphur. blasting gelatineA high explosive; the most powerful commercial explosive, t
24、aken as the standard of explosive power. blown-out shotA shot which has expended its force outwards down the line of the shothole without doing any appreciable blasting work. break detectorA tool used to detect breaks or fissures intersected by a shothole. (Usually combined with a scraper.) bulk str
25、engthThe strength of an explosive per unit volume expressed as a percentage of the value for blasting gelatine as a standard. burdenThe distance between an explosive charge and a free face which is a measure of the work to be done by the charge. burn cutA cut consisting of a number of holes drilled
26、parallel and close together, some (which may be of larger diameter than the shotholes) remaining uncharged to provide a free face. (See Figure 1.) bursterAn hydraulic mechanism which, when inserted into a large diameter shothole, breaks down the strata by means of pistons operating transversely. bur
27、sting timeThe total time interval between the application of current to an instantaneous detonator and its explosion. capSee detonator. capped fuseA detonator fitted with a length of safety fuse. CardoxA method of blasting using the discharge of high pressure gaseous carbon dioxide from a steel shel
28、l. cartridgeAn individual unit of explosive, usually wrapped in the form of a cylinder. chamberAn excavation to accommodate an explosive charge. chamberingSee springing. chargeThe quantity of explosive in any particular shothole. chisel bitA percussive bit having a single cutting edge. circuit teste
29、rAn instrument used to test series-circuits in electrical shot-firing for continuity and resistance. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:13:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3618-6:1972 2 BSI 12-1999 TermDefinition collaringThe operation of starting to bore a hol
30、e. column chargeA continuous charge in a quarry borehole (cf. deck charge. compressed air blastingSee definition of air blasting. cone cutA cut in which a number of central holes are drilled towards a focal point and, when fired, break out a conical section of strata. (See Figure 2.) cooling agentCh
31、emical added to an explosive during manufacture to suppress or inhibit the flame produced in blasting. crimpingThe action of squeezing the open end of a plain detonator, or a detonating relay, over a length of fuse. cross bitSee cruciform bit. cruciform bit CROSS BIT A percussive bit having two cutt
32、ing edges intersecting at right angles. cuckoo shotA shot fired in the roof of a longwall working, between the face and the waste, or in the waste. cushion blastingA method of blasting in which an air space is left between the explosive charge and the stemming, or in which the shothole is of substan
33、tially larger diameter than the cartridge. cut SUMP The group of holes fired first in a round to provide additional free faces for the succeeding shots. cut-off shotA shot in a delay round in which the charge has been wholly or partially exposed to atmosphere by reason of the detonation of an earlie
34、r shot in the round. cut shotsShots which initially break ground to provide a free face for subsequent shots. deck chargeA charge which is divided into several separate components along a quarry borehole (cf. column charge). deflagrationThe burning of a detonating explosive subsequent to its failure
35、 to detonate. delay detonatorA detonator in which there is a designed interval of time between the application of an electric current to the detonator and its detonation. delay elementThat part of a delay detonator interposed between the fusehead and the priming charge. delay firingThe firing of sev
36、eral shots in sequence, at designed intervals of time, usually by means of delay detonators, detonating relays or sequence switches. delay intervalThe nominal period between the firing of successive delay detonators in a series of shots. detonating fuseA fuse containing a detonating explosive. deton
37、ating relayA device used intermediately in a detonating fuse circuit to obtain a short time delay. detonationThe action of converting the chemicals in an explosive charge to gases at a high pressure, by means of a self-propagating shock wave passing through the charge. detonator CAP, deprecated A de
38、vice for producing detonation in a high-explosive charge, and initiated by a safety fuse or by electricity. diamond cutSee pyramid cut. direct initiationA method of blasting in which the primer cartridge is placed at the end of the explosives charge nearest the entrance to the shothole and the deton
39、ator is placed at the outer end of the primer cartridge. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:13:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3618-6:1972 BSI 12-19993 TermDefinition down-the-hole drillA percussive drill in which the percussive mechanism is located immediatel
40、y behind the drill bit. drag cutA cut in which groups of holes are drilled at increasing heights above floor level and at increasing angles from the free face. The shots are fired to break out successive wedges of strata across the width of the face. (See Figure 3.) drifterA heavy percussive drill r
41、equiring some form of rigid mounting. drill boomAn adjustable arm projecting from a drill carriage to carry a drill and hold it in selected positions. drill carriageA vehicle on which one or more drill booms are mounted to permit the drills to be brought easily to their work and to be removed before
42、 blasting. (See also jumbo.) drill cradleThe metal channel on which a heavy drill is fed forward as drilling proceeds. drill rig DRILL STAND Any means of supporting a rock-drill at its work. drill standSee drill rig. drill steelSee rod and stem (1). dynamiteA general term relating to explosives in w
43、hich the principal constituent, nitro-glycerine, is contained within an absorbent substance. easerOne of a number of holes surrounding the cut and fired immediately after it. eq.s. explosive (obsolescent)(Abbreviation of equivalent-to-sheathed explosive.) An unsheathed explosive incorporating coolin
44、g agents, which is equivalent in safety (relating to the ignition of methane/air mixture) on a charge weight basis to an explosive having a sheath of cooling agents around it. excitation timeThe minimum time for which electric current must flow in the fusehead of a detonator to ensure its ignition.
45、exploder BATTERY, deprecated A device designed specifically for producing an electric current for firing detonators. fan cutA cut in which holes of equal or increasing length are drilled in a pattern on a horizontal plane or in a selected stratum to break out a considerable part of it before the res
46、t of the round is fired; the holes are fired in succession in accordance with the increasing angle they form in relation to the face. (See Figure 4.) firingThe process of initiating the action of an explosive charge or the operation of a mechanism which results in a blasting action. fir-tree bitA ro
47、tary bit in which a number of cutting edges are arranged behind a pilot bit to enlarge the hole to the required diameter. flanking hole1. A shothole drilled at an acute angle to the coal face for the purpose of trimming it. 2. Set Drainage section. flush headSee water swivel. foam injectionThe injec
48、tion of foam into shotholes and connecting breaks to displace any firedamp present and to minimize further firedamp emission into the shotholes, thereby reducing the risk of ignition of the gas during shotfiring. free faceA surface in the vicinity of a shothole at which the rock is free to move unde
49、r the force of the explosion. fuseSee examples under detonating fuse and safety fuse. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:13:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3618-6:1972 4 BSI 12-1999 TermDefinition fuseheadThat part of an electric detonator consisting of twin metal conductors bridged by fine resistance wire and surrounded by a bead of igniting compound which burns when the firing current is passed through the bridge wire. fuse lighter (igniter)A hand-held device for lighting safety fuse. gel ampouleA f
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-3731279.html