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1、AS/NZS 4801:2001 ccupational health and safety management systems Specification with guidance for use Australian/New Zealand Standard O Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 28 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 4801:2001 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee SF-00
2、1, Occupational Health and Safety Management. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 14 August 2001 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 31 August 2001. It was published on 15 November 2001. The following interests are represented on Committee SF-001:
3、Accident Compensation Corporation, New Zealand Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Australian Council of Trade Unions Australian Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association Australian Industry Group Certification Bodies (Australia) Construction Policy Steering Committee N.S.W. Depart
4、ment of Labour, New Zealand Department of Natural Resources and Mines, Qld. Electricity Supply Association of Australia Institution of Engineers Australia The Institute of Internal Auditors, Australia Master Builders Australia National Occupational Health be integrated with other systems and core fu
5、nctions of the organization; improve the organizations overall performance; and assist the organization to meet its legal responsibilities. Injury management is an important element of any system but has been referred to only peripherally in AS/NZS 4804. The reader is referred elsewhere, to their re
6、spective jurisdictional authorities for guidance e.g. in Australia, to National Occupational Health and Safety Commissions Guidance note for the best practice rehabilitation management of Occupational injuries and disease, NOHSC:3021 (1995); similarly, in New Zealand, Active and Working! Managing ac
7、ute low back pain in the workplace: A guide for employers published by the National Advisory Committee on Health and Disability, and the Accident Compensation Corporation, April 2000. AS/NZS 4801 is a specification Standard that establishes a framework primarily for enabling independent external aud
8、its and reviews of an organizations OHSMS, but it can also be used as a framework for internal audits. Many organizations already undertake internal audits or reviews to assess the effectiveness of their OHSMS. Some organizations may also seek independent third party assurances that an organization
9、they are proposing to do business with has effective systems in place to control their OHS. To be effective, and to contribute to ongoing improvements in OHS performance, independent audits need to be conducted by competent persons within a structured management system and integrated with overall ma
10、nagement activity. AS/NZS 4801 specifies the framework against which external auditors will assess an OHSMS. However, these audits and reviews would not be sufficient to provide an organization with the assurance that its performance not only meets, but will continue to meet, its ethical, legal and
11、policy requirements. These linked Standards have been written to be applicable to all types and sizes of organizations and to be generic enough to accommodate diverse geographical, cultural and social conditions, as well as the multiplicity of OHS legal jurisdictions. Thus two organizations carrying
12、 out similar activities but having different OHSMS and performances may both conform to the requirements established in AS/NZS 4801. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 28 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 4801:2001 vi However, any effective OHSMS needs to reflect OHS issues in the organization in which it i
13、s used. The basis of the approach is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 OHS Management System Model The success of an OHSMS depends on commitment from all levels and functions within an organization, especially from senior management. An effective OHSMS can assist an organization to set out OHS policy and
14、objectives; establish, assess and review the effectiveness of procedures which give effect to OHS policy and objectives; achieve conformance with OHS policy and objectives of the organization; and demonstrate such conformance to others (via self-declaration or certification/ registration as appropri
15、ate). The overall aim of these linked Standards is to support the achievement of the highest levels of OHS performance through systematic elimination or reduction of risks. Both this Standard and AS/NZS 4804 are intended to provide organizations with the elements of an effective OHSMS which can be i
16、ntegrated with other management requirements, to assist organizations to achieve OHS as well as other social and economic goals. These Standards are not intended to be used to create trade barriers nor change an organizations legal obligations. They are voluntary, useful tools for business and gover
17、nments to use as little or as much as they choose. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 28 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 4801:2001 vii Legislation in Australia adopts a risk management approach. Legislation in New Zealand adopts a hazard management approach. This legislation may also emphasize a preferred
18、 order of control method (often called a hierarchy of controls) which should be implemented in the workplace. The various jurisdictions define this hierarchy in different ways. Readers should note this and will need to ensure that the Standards are used to suit compliance requirements in their juris
19、dictions. The emphasis in much legislation and in these Standards is for organizations to develop and implement control actions which, wherever possible, eliminate hazards or isolate people from the hazard. Where this is not possible, work activities should be planned and controlled through administ
20、rative means to the extent necessary to prevent injury and illness. In order to achieve these objectives an organization should encourage the implementation of the best practicable methods and technology consistent with the legal obligations to ensure that workplaces are safe and healthy. These Stan
21、dards share common management systems principles with environmental management systems Standards such as AS/NZS ISO 14001:1996, Environmental management systems Specification with guidance for use and quality systems Standards like AS/NZS ISO 9001:2000, Quality systems managementRequirements and enc
22、ourage the integration of such management system elements. However, this Standard, and AS/NZS 4804, are more aligned to risk management philosophies and methods as set out in AS/NZS 4360, Risk management than are quality management systems standards. The requirements set out in AS/NZS 4801 and AS/NZ
23、S 4804 do not need to be implemented independently of existing OHSMS elements, whether integrated or not. In some cases, existing OHSMS elements will meet the requirements. An organization may elect to continue to use any management system framework, structure or audit tool as required. There may be
24、 no need to change an existing OHSMS program or audit framework. This Standard as well as AS/NZS 4801 can be applied to any OHSMS. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 28 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 4801:2001 viii Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 28 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 4801:2001 Copyright1 STAND
25、ARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Occupational health and safety management systemsSpecification with guidance for use 1 Scope This Standard specifies requirements for an occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS), to enable an organization to formula
26、te a policy and objectives taking into account legislative requirements and information about hazards or risks. It applies to those hazards or risks over which the organization may exert control and over which it can be expected to have an influence. It does not state specific OHS performance outcom
27、es. This Standard is applicable to any organization that wishes to (a) implement, maintain and improve an OHSMS; (b) assure itself of its conformance with its stated OHS policy; (c) demonstrate such conformance to others; (d) seek certification/registration of its OHSMS by an external organization;
28、or (e) make a self-determination and declaration of conformance with the Standard. All the requirements in the Standard are intended to be incorporated into any OHSMS. The extent of the application will depend on such factors as the OHS policy of the organization, the nature of its activities and th
29、e conditions in which it operates. Effective implementation of an OHS management system should seek to ensure the organization complies with relevant OHS legislation, standards and codes of practice. However, the implementation of any of the requirements of this Standard, whether or not the organiza
30、tion has gained certification from a third-party certification body or is otherwise recognized, does not in any way assure compliance with legal requirements, or other obligations placed upon the organization by a statutory body. Hence, the implementation, either actual or intended, of this Standard
31、, or parts thereof, would not preclude any action by a statutory body. NOTES 1) The Standard also provides informative guidance on the use of the specification in Appendix A, a bibliography for further reading in Appendix B, and a correspondence of the requirements of this Standard with AS/NZS ISO 1
32、4001 and AS/NZS ISO 9001 in Appendix C. 2) For ease of use, the clauses of the specification and Appendix A have related numbers. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 28 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 4801:2001 2Copyright 2 Referenced documents The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 1
33、885Measurement of occupational health and safety performance 1885.1Part 1:Describing and reporting occupational injuries and disease (known as the National Standard for workplace injury and disease recording) AS/NZS ISO 9001Quality management systemsRequirements 14001Environmental management systems
34、Specification with guidance for use Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 28 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 4801:2001 Copyright3 3 Definitions For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply. 3.1Audit A systematic examination against defined criteria to determine whether activities and related
35、 results conform to planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are implemented effectively and are suitable to achieve the organizations policy and objectives. 3.2Competent person A person who has acquired through training, qualification, or experience, or a combination of these, the knowle
36、dge and skills, including OHS knowledge and skills, qualifying that person to perform the task required by this Standard. 3.3Continual improvement Process of enhancing the OHSMS to achieve improvements in overall OHS performances, in line with the organizations OHS policy. NOTE The process need not
37、take place in all areas of activity simultaneously. 3.4Control of hazards/risks In Australia, the term control of risks is used, to mean the process of elimination or minimization of risks. In New Zealand, the term control of hazards is used to mean the process of elimination, isolation or minimizat
38、ion of significant hazards. 3.5Hazard A source or a situation with a potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill-health, damage to property, damage to the environment, or a combination of these. 3.6Hazard identification The process of recognizing that a hazard exists and defining its characte
39、ristics. 3.7Hazard/risk assessment In Australia, the term risk assessment is used to mean the overall process of estimating the magnitude of risk and deciding what actions will be taken. In New Zealand, the term hazard assessment is used to mean the overall process of determining whether a hazard is
40、 significant. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 28 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 4801:2001 4Copyright 3.8Health surveillance Monitoring of individuals for the purpose of identifying changes in health status that may be due to occupational exposure to a hazard. 3.9Incident Any unplanned event resulting
41、in, or having a potential for injury, ill- health, damage or other loss. 3.10Interested parties Individual(s) or group(s) concerned with, or affected by the OHS performance of an organization. 3.11Occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) That part of the overall management system whi
42、ch includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining the OHS policy, and so managing the risks associated with the business of the organization. 3.12Occupational
43、health and safety objectives Overall OHS goal in terms of OHS performance, arising from the occupational health and safety policy that an organization sets itself to achieve, and which are quantified where practicable. 3.13Occupational health and safety performance The measurable results of the OHSM
44、S, related to the organizations control of health and safety risks, based on its OHS policy, objectives and targets. Performance measurement includes measurement of OHS management activities and results. 3.14Occupational health and safety policy Statement by the organization of its commitment, inten
45、tions and principles in relation to its overall occupational health and safety performance which provides a framework for action and for the setting of its occupational health and safety objectives and targets. 3.15Occupational health and safety professional A person with expertise and qualification
46、s in the identification, assessment, evaluation or control of occupational hazards and risks, and hazards associated with occupational ill-health. 3.16Occupational health and safety target A detailed performance requirement, quantified wherever practicable and pertaining to the organization, that ar
47、ises from the health and safety objectives and that needs to be met in order to achieve those objectives. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 28 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 4801:2001 Copyright5 3.17Organization A company, corporation, firm, enterprise or institution, or other legal entity or part there
48、of, whether incorporated or not, public or private, that has its own function(s) and administration. 3.18Risk (In relation to any potential injury or harm.) The likelihood and consequence of that injury or harm occurring. NOTE Wherever the term risk occurs in this Standard this should be taken to me
49、an occupational health and safety risk. 3.19Safety A state in which the risk of harm (to persons) or damage is limited to an acceptable level. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 28 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 4801:2001 6Copyright 4 OHSMS Requirements 4.1General requirements The organization shall establish and maintain an OHSMS, in accordance with the requirements of this Clause (4). 4.2OHS Policy There shall be an occupational health and safety policy authorized by the organizations top management, that clearly states overall OHS objectives and demons
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