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1、AS 17261993 Australian Standard Geotechnical site investigations Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee CE/15, Geotechnical Site Investigations. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 21 September 1992 and
2、published on 13 April 1993. The following interests are represented on Committee CE/15: Association of Consulting Engineers Australia Australian Geomechanics Society Austroads Board of Works CSIRO, Division of Building, Construction and Engineering CSIRO, Division of Geomechanics Department of Admin
3、istrative ServicesAustralian Construction Services Electricity Commission of New South Wales National Association of Testing Authorities Australia Quarry Masters Association of New South Wales Railways of Australia Committee University of New South Wales Additional interests participating in prepara
4、tion of Standard: Australian Geomechanics Society (Sydney Group) Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary. It is important therefore tha
5、t Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition, and any amendments thereto. Full details of all Australian Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australia Catalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine Th
6、e Australian Standard, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications, new editions and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards. Suggestions for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head office of Standards Australia, are welcomed. Notification of any
7、 inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken. This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 90124. Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 AS 17261993 Australia
8、n Standard Geotechnical site investigations First published as AS 17261978. Second edition (including Add. No. 1 1978) 1981. Third edition 1993. Incorporating: Amdt 11994 Amdt 21994 PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA (STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA) 1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140 ISBN 0 7262 7
9、878 5 Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 AS 172619932 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee on Geotechnical Site Investigations, to supersede AS 17261981, Geotechnical site investigations. This edition was prepared in a form that will allow it to
10、be called up in legislation, and the provisions are supported in a number of non-mandatory Appendices. CopyrightSTANDARDS AUSTRALIA Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia publications and software. Except where the Copyright Act allows and except where pro
11、vided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing from Standards Australia. Permission may be conditional on an appropriate royalty payment. Requests
12、for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia. Standards Australia will permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without
13、payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia. Standards Australia will also permit the inclusion of its copyright material in computer software programs for no royalty payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs. Care should be taken to ensur
14、e that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified. The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially,
15、 with or without payment, or in commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be varied by Standards Australia at any time. Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 3AS 17261993 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 2 APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 3 REFERENCED AND RELATED
17、DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 4 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 5 PLANNING AND DESIGN OF GEOTECHNICAL SITE INVESTIGATIONS . . . .6 6 METHODS OF INVESTIGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 7 REPORTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 8 CONSTRUCTION REVIEW AND PERFORMANCE MONITORING . . . . . . . . . .7 APPENDICES ADESCRIPTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS AND ROCKS FOR GEOTECHNICAL PURPOSES
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 BFIELD TEST METHODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 CLABORATORY EXAMINATION AND TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 DTYPICAL PROJECT BRIEF FOR A GEOTECHNICAL SITE INVESTIGATION .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 ECOMMENTARY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 AS 172619934 FOREWORD This Standard presents statements c
21、oncerning the geotechnical investigation of sites as a preliminary to civil engineering and building construction. The principle adopted in the preparation of this Standard is to specify concisely those considerations affecting the design and construction of works which must be made in a geotechnica
22、l site investigation. Assessment of these factors, in the manner described in this Standard, will then permit the identification of the field and laboratory work which mustbeimplementedtoprovidethegeotechnicaldatarequiredtofacilitatethe engineering design and construction of the works. Some methods
23、suitable for the collection of data and the testing of geotechnical materials, and a system of material classification, are set out in the Appendices. Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 5AS 17261993 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Australian Standard Geotechnical site investigations 1 SCOPE T
24、hisStandardsetsoutminimumrequirementsforageotechnicalsite investigation, as a component in the engineering design, construction, commissioning and operation of civil engineering and building works. 2 APPLICATION The applications of this Standard include assessment of natural or filled ground, new co
25、nstruction, maintenance of existing facilities, the evaluation of post construction performance and the assessment of failure. 3 REFERENCED AND RELATED DOCUMENTS 3.1 Referenced documents The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 1289Methods of testing soils for engineering purpose
26、s 1289.0Part 0: General requirements and list of methods 3.2 Related documents Attention is drawn to the following documents: Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Monograph Series No. 9Field geologists manual 3rd edition, Melbourne 1989 Institution of Engineers, Australia Guidelinesforthe
27、provisionofgeotechnicalinformationinconstruction contracts. (National Headquarters, Canberra 1987) International Society for Rock Mechanics Commission on standardisation of laboratory and field tests, 1978. Suggested methods for the quantitative description of discontinuities in rock masses, (Int. J
28、. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Vol. 15, 319-68) 4 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions given below apply. 4.1 Clienttheindividualororganisationcommissioningthegeotechnicalsite investigation. 4.2 Classificationa system of identification and description of a material which places it i
29、n a limited number of groups on the basis of a defined group or characteristic. For example, a soil classification may be based on grading and plasticity of disturbed samples. NOTE: A system of classification of soils and rocks suitable for geotechnical reports is given in Appendix A. 4.3 Datainform
30、ation collected and assembled during the geotechnical site investigation. 4.4 Data, factualmaterials, statistics and properties that can be seen, measured or identified by means of accepted or standardized criteria, classifications and tests. 4.5 Data, interpretativeinformation derived from factual
31、data using accepted and proven techniques, or from reasonable judgment exercised in the assessment of geological conditions or processes evident at the site. COPYRIGHT Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 AS 172619936 4.6 Geotechnicalpertaining to the nature, condition and physical
32、properties of the earths crust (whether soil or rock and including water and gases therein) which affect its performance in civil engineering and building works. 4.7 Geotechnicalsiteinvestigationstheprocessofevaluatingthegeotechnical character of a site in the context of existing or proposed works o
33、r land usage. It may include one or more of the following: (a)Evaluation of the geology and hydrogeology of the site. (b)Examination of existing geotechnical information pertaining to the site. (c)Excavating or boring in soil or rock. (d)In situ assessment of geotechnical properties of materials. (e
34、)Recovery of samples of soil or rock for examination, identification,recording, testing or display. (f)Testing of soil or rock samples to quantify properties relevant to the purpose of the investigation. (g)Reporting of the results. 4.8 In situin its original place. 4.9 Investigatortheindividualoror
35、ganisationresponsibleforperformingthe geotechnical site investigation (including its reporting) or for that part of the geotechnical site investigation which is relevant in a particular context. 4.10 Monitoringthe activity of sensing, observing, measuring, and recording changes over a period of time
36、. 4.11 Opinionconclusionsorrecommendationsderivedbytheinvestigatorfrom consideration of factual and interpretative data, and from the exercise of judgment. NOTE: A professional opinion is dependent on conclusions or recommendations derived from consideration of relevant available facts, interpretati
37、ons and analysis and the exercise of judgment. Since the process involves interpretation and judgment, opinions of professionals may differ, although substantial agreement is expected. Examples where differences of opinion may occur are (a)ease of excavation, types of suitable plant to use, rippabil
38、ity; (b)water inflow rates; (c)excavation stability; (d)settlements; (e)bearing capacity; and (f)pile types. 4.12 Serviceabilitythe ability of works to perform according to the design objectives. 4.13 Variabilitythe change in the properties or conditions of materials with time or location. 5 PLANNIN
39、G AND DESIGN OF GEOTECHNICAL SITE INVESTIGATIONS 5.1 Nature and magnitude of proposed works The client shall provide the investigator with a written description of the proposed works in sufficient detail to permit definition of the objectives of the investigation. 5.2 Objectives of the investigation
40、 The investigator shall provide the client with a written statement of the objectives of the investigation. The statement of objectives shall define the level of detail required in the investigation. COPYRIGHT Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 7AS 17261993 5.3 Extent of investiga
41、tion The investigation shall evaluate the material properties and the volume of ground which will significantly affect the performance of, or will be affected by, the proposed works. 6 METHODS OF INVESTIGATION 6.1 Investigations The site investigation methods used shall be chosen on the basis of a p
42、reliminaryassessmentoftherelevantsiteconditions,andavailablegeological information and history of the site. 6.2 Review of methods The methods used should be reviewed during the course of the site investigation and in the light of site conditions encountered. 6.3 Variability in nature of site conditi
43、ons Account shall be taken of variations in materialpropertieswithtimeandlocation,intheareaofthegeotechnicalsite investigation. NOTE: A selection of methods of investigation can be found in Appendices B and C, and a typical project brief is shown in Appendix D. 7 REPORTING 7.1 Data At the completion
44、 of a geotechnical site investigation, or at the completion of each phase of an extended investigation, a report shall be prepared by the investigator. As appropriate to the stated objectives and the phase of the investigation, this report shall contain (a)a description of proposed works; (b)objecti
45、ves of the investigation; (c)identification of site; (d)a description of methods of investigation and testing used; (e)location and reduced levels of all boreholes, test sites and observations to a defined, consistent and recoverable reference grid and datum for the site; (f)time observations made;
46、and (g)data obtained. 7.2 Opinion As appropriate to the stated objectives and the phase of the investigation, the report shall contain the investigators opinion independently of the data. 8 CONSTRUCTION REVIEW AND PERFORMANCE MONITORING 8.1 Constructionreview Ifthereviewisnotcarriedoutasrecommended,
47、the investigator and the relevant regulatory authority shall be informed and reasons given for the non-compliance. 8.2 Performance monitoring If the monitoring is not carried out as recommended, the investigator and the relevant regulatory authority shall be informed and reasons given for the non-co
48、mpliance. NOTE: Some guidelines on construction review and monitoring are given in Appendix E. COPYRIGHT Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 AS 172619938 APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS AND ROCKS FOR GEOTECHNICAL PURPOSES (Informative) A1 SCOPE ThisAppendixdescri
49、besthepreferredsystemsofdescriptionand classification of soils and rocks for use with this Standard. However, it does not preclude an investigator from using an alternative system, provided that the report clearly states that an alternative system has been used, and that a comprehensive description of the system used is included in the report. Alternative systems may be useful, for example, for certain soil types such as calcareous soils, pedocretes and laterites, where the preferred system may not adequately describe characteristics peculiar to such mater
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