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1、ANSI/AGMA2001-D04 ANSI/AGMA 2001-D04 (Revision of ANSI/AGMA 2001-C95) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Fundamental Rating Factors and Calculation Methods for Involute Spur and Helical Gear Teeth ii FundamentalRatingFactorsandCalculationMethodsforInvoluteSpurand Helical Gear Teeth ANSI/AGMA 2001-D04 Revisi
2、on of ANSI/AGMA 2001-C95 ApprovalofanAmericanNationalStandardrequiresverificationbyANSIthattherequire- ments for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensusis establishedwhen,inthejudgmentoftheANSIBoardofStandardsReview, substantial agr
3、eement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantialagreementmeansmuchmorethanasimplemajority,butnotnecessarilyuna- nimity.Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. TheuseofAmericanNation
4、alStandardsiscompletelyvoluntary;theirexistencedoesnot in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does
5、not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National StandardinthenameoftheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute. Requestsforinterpre- tation
6、of this standard should be addressed to the American Gear Manufacturers Association. CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA technical publications are subject to constant improvement, revision, or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMA technical publication should be sure that the pub
7、lication is the latest available from the Association on the subject matter. Tables or other self-supporting sections may be referenced. Citations shouldread: See ANSI/AGMA 2001-D04, Fundamental Rating Factors and Calculation Methods for Invo- lute Spur and Helical Gear Teeth, published by the Ameri
8、can Gear Manufacturers Asso- ciation,500MontgomeryStreet,Suite350,Alexandria,Virginia22314, http:/www.agma.org. Approved December 28, 2004 ABSTRACT Thisstandardspecifiesamethodforratingthepittingresistanceandbendingstrengthofspurandhelicalinvo- lutegearpairs. Adetaileddiscussionoffactorsinfluencingg
9、earsurvivalandcalculationmethodsareprovided. Published by American Gear Manufacturers Association 500 Montgomery Street, Suite 350, Alexandria, Virginia 22314 Copyright 2004 by American Gear Manufacturers Association All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in
10、an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-55589-839-4 American National Standard ANSI/AGMA 2001- -D04AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD iii AGMA 2004 - All rights reserved Contents Page Forewordv. . . . . .
11、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Scope1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Normative references, definitions and symbols2. . . . .
12、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Application2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Criteria for tooth capacity7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Fundamental
13、rating formulas9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Geometry factors, I and J11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Transmitted tangential load, Wt12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14、. . . . . . . . . . . 8Dynamic factor, Kv12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Overload factor, Ko15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Service factor15. . . . . . . . . . .
15、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Safety factors, SHand SF16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Elastic coefficient, Cp16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16、. . . . . . . . . . . 13Surface condition factor, Cf17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Hardness ratio factor, CH17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Load distribution factor, Km17. . . . . . .
17、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Allowable stress numbers, sacand sat23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Stress cycle factors, ZNand YN36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Reliability
18、 factor, KR38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Temperature factor, KT38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Size factor, Ks38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bibliography56. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annexes AMethod for determination of dynamic factor with AGMA 2000-A8839. . . . . . . . BRim thickness factor, KB41.
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CApplication analysis43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DDiscussion of the analytical face or longitudinal load distribution factor46. . . . EGear mat
21、erial fatigue life49. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FControlling section size considerations for through hardened gearing54. . . . . Figures 1Dynamic factor, Kv14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . 2Hardness ratio factor, CH(through hardened)18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Hardness ratio factor, CH(surface hardened pinions)18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Instantaneous contact lines in the plane of action19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . 5Pinion proportion factor, Cpf21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Evaluation of S and S121. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Mesh alignment factor, Cma22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Allowable contact stress number for through hardened steel gears, sac24. . . . 9Allowable bending stress number for through hardened steel gears, sat25. . . . 10Allowable bending stress numbers for nitrided through hardened steel gears (i.e., AISI 4140,
25、AISI 4340), sat25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Allowable bending stress numbers for nitriding steel gears, sat26. . . . . . . . . . . 12Variations in hardening pattern obtainable on gear teeth with flame or induction hardening32. . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Minimum effective case depth for carburized gears, he min33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Core hardness coefficient, Uc34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Minimum total case d
27、epth for nitrided gears, hc min34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Allowable yield strength number for steel gears, say35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ANSI/AGMA 2001- -D04AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD iv AGMA 2004 - All rights reserved 17Pitting resistance stress cycle factor, ZN3
28、7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Bending strength stress cycle factor, YN37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tables 1Symbols used in gear rating equations3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Empirical constant
29、s; A, B, and C22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Allowable contact stress number, sac, for steel gears23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Allowable bending stress number, sat, for steel gears24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Allowable contact s
30、tress number, sac, for iron and bronze gears26. . . . . . . . . . 6Allowable bending stress number, sat, for iron and bronze gears27. . . . . . . . . . 7Major metallurgical factors affecting the allowable contact stress number, sac, and allowable bending stress number, sat, of through hardened steel
31、 gears27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Major metallurgical factors affecting the allowable contact stress number, sac, and allowable bending stress number, sat, of flame or induction hardened steel gears28. . .
32、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Major metallurgical factors affecting the allowable contact stress number, sac, and allowable bending stress number, sat, of carburized and hardened steel gears29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Major metallurgical factors affecting the allowable contact stress number, sac, and allowable bending stress number, sat, of nitrided steel gears31. . . . . . 11Reliability factors, KR38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ANSI/AGMA 2001- -D04AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD v AGMA 2004 - All rights reserved Foreword The foreword, footnotes and annexes, if any, in this document are provided for informational purposes only and are not to be construed as a part o
35、f ANSI/AGMA 2001-D04, Fundamental Rating Factors and Calculation Methods for Involute Spur and Helical Gear Teeth. This standard presents general formulas for rating the pitting resistance and bending strength of spur and helical involute gear teeth, and supersedes ANSI/AGMA 2001-C95. Thepurposeofth
36、isstandardistoestablishacommonbaseforratingvarioustypesofgears fordifferingapplications,andtoencouragethemaximumpracticaldegreeofuniformityand consistency between rating practices within the gear industry. It provides the basis from which more detailed AGMA application standards are developed, and p
37、rovides a basis for calculation of approximate ratings in the absence of such standards. The formulas presented in this standard contain factors whose values vary significantly depending on application, system effects, gear accuracy, manufacturing practice, and definitionofgearfailure. Properevaluat
38、ion ofthese factors is essentialfor realistic ratings. This standard is intended for use by the experienced gear designer capable of selecting reasonable values for rating factors and aware of the performance of similar designs through test results or operating experience. InAGMA218.01thevaluesforLi
39、feFactor,CLandKL,DynamicFactor,CvandKv,andLoad DistributionFactor,CmandKm,wererevised.Valuesforfactorsassignedinstandardsprior to that were not applicable to 218.01 nor were the values assigned in 218.01 applicable to previous standards. ThedetailedinformationontheGeometryFactors,IandJ,wereremovedfr
40、omANSI/AGMA 2001-B88,therevisionofAGMA218.01. ThismaterialwasamplifiedandmovedtoAGMA 908-B89, Geometry Factors for Determining the Pitting Resistance and Bending Strength forSpur,HelicalandHerringboneGearTeeth. ThevaluesofIandJhavenotbeenchanged from previous Standards. In ANSI/AGMA 2001-B88 the All
41、owable Stress Number section was expanded. Metallurgical quality factors for steel materials were defined, establishing minimum quality control requirements and allowable stress numbers for various steel quality grades. Additional higher allowable stress numbers for carburized gears were added when
42、made with high quality steel. A new rim thickness factor, KB, was introduced to reduce allowable bendingloadsongearswiththinrims. Materialonscuffing(scoring)resistancewasadded as an annex. ANSI/AGMA 2001-B88 was first drafted in January, 1986, approved by the AGMA Membership in May 1988, and approve
43、d as an American National Standard on September 30, 1988. ANSI/AGMA 2001-C95 was a revision of the rating method described in its superseded publications. The changes included: the Miners rule annex was removed; the analytical method for load distribution factors, Cmand Km, was revised and placed in
44、 an annex; nitrided allowable stress numbers were expanded to cover three grades; nitrided stress cycle factors were introduced; through hardened allowable stresses were revised; applicationfactorwasreplacedbyoverloadfactor;safetyfactorsSHandSFwereintroduced; lifefactorwas replacedbystress cyclefact
45、orandits usewithservicefactorredefined;and, thedynamicfactorwasredefinedasthereciprocalofthatusedinpreviousAGMAstandards and was relocated to the denominator of the power equation. This standard, ANSI/AGMA 2001-D04, is a revision of its superseded version. Clause 8 was changed to incorporate ANSI/AG
46、MA 2015-1-A01 and the Kvmethod using AGMA 2000-A88 was moved to Annex A. References to old Annex A, “Method for Evaluating the ANSI/AGMA 2001- -D04AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD vi AGMA 2004 - All rights reserved Risk of Scuffing and Wear” were changed to AGMA 925-A03. It also reflects a change to claus
47、e 10, dealing with the relationship between service factor and stress cycle factor. Editorial corrections were implemented to table 8, figure 14 and table E-1, and style was updated to latest standards. This AGMA Standard and related publications are based on typical or average data, conditions, or
48、applications. The Association intends to continue working to update this Standard and to incorporate in future revisions the latest acceptable technology from domestic and international sources. ThefirstdraftofANSI/AGMA2001-D04wascompletedinFebruary2002. Itwasapproved by theAGMAmembershiponOctober23
49、,2004. Itwas approvedasanAmericanNational Standard on December 28, 2004. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the AmericanGearManufacturersAssociation,500MontgomeryStreet,Suite350,Alexandria, Virginia 22314. ANSI/AGMA 2001- -D04AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD vii AGMA 2004 - All rights reserved PERSONNEL of the AGMA Helical Gear Rating Committee Chairman: John V. LisieckiFalk Corporation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vice Chairman: Michael B. AntosiewiczFalk Corporation. . . . ACTIVE MEMBERS K.E. Ach
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