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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 3142-3: 1970 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Specification for Manufactured solid smokeless fuels for household use Part 3: Specially reactive fuels for all types of domestic open fire Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 07:35:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy
2、, (c) BSI BS 3142-3:1970 This British Standard, having been approved by the Solid Fuel Industry and the Gas Industry Standards Committees, was published under the authority of the Executive Board on 18 November 1970 BSI 08-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Commit
3、tee reference SFE/GSE/47 and SFE/GSE/47/1 Draft for comment 69/9566 ISBN 580 06414 X Co-operating organizations The Solid Fuel Industry and the Gas Industry Standards Committees, under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consist of representatives from the following Government depa
4、rtments and scientific and industrial organizations: Association of Consulting Engineers BCURA Industrial Laboratories British Cast Iron Research Association British Coke Research Association* British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Association British Ironfounders Association* British Mechanica
5、l Engineering Confederation British Steel Industry Chamber of Coal Traders Chemical Industries Association Coal Utilisation Council* Coke Oven Managers Association* Council of Ironfoundry Associations Domestic Solid Fuel Appliances Approval Council Electricity Council, the Central Electricity Genera
6、ting Board and the Area Boards in England and Wales Gas Council* Heating and Ventilating Contractors Association Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd. Institute of British Foundrymen Institute of Fuel Institution of Gas Engineers Institution of Heating and Ventilating Engineers Institution of Mechanical
7、 Engineers Liquefied Petroleum Gas Industry Technical Committee Low Temperature Coal Distillers Association of Great Britain Ltd.* Ministry of Housing and Local Government Ministry of Public Building and Works Ministry of Technology National Coal Board* Society of British Gas Industries Water-tube B
8、oilermakers Association Womens Advisory Council on Solid Fuel* The scientific and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard: Association of Munici
9、pal Corporations Consumer Council Consumers Association County Councils Association Independent Coke Producers Association Institute of Weights and Measures Administration National Federation of Coke Distributors Associations Solid Smokeless Fuels Federation Womens Advisory Committee of BSI Amendmen
10、ts issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments 6553December 1990Indicated by a sideline in the margin Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 07:35:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3142-3:1970 BSI 08-1999i Contents Page Co-operating organizationsInside front
11、 cover Forewordii Introduction deleted 1Scope1 2Sampling and preparation of samples1 3Calorific value1 4Undersize1 5Fire performance tests1 6Assessment of results1 Appendix A Sampling procedure2 Appendix B Preparation of samples for testing3 Appendix C Determination of calorific value as despatched4
12、 Appendix D Determination of undersize4 Appendix E Fire performance tests4 Appendix F Alternative method of fire performance testing6 Appendix G Assessment of results8 Appendix H Method of checking the Moll thermopile calibration9 Appendix J deleted Figure 1 Details of test setting for fire performa
13、nce tests10 Figure 2 Development of metal gather12 Figure 3 Newtone grate and fret13 Figure 4 Ignition burner14 Figure 5 Water-cooled back for non-compensated Moll thermopile15 Figure 6 Thermopile position for performance tests16 Figure 7 Refuelling jig17 Figure 8 The London/Fulham Mark II inset ope
14、n fire18 Table 1 Alternative methods of assessing results8 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 07:35:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3142-3:1970 ii BSI 08-1999 Foreword This standard makes reference to the following British Standards and Code of Practice: BS 410,
15、Specification for test sieves. BS 792, Specification for mild steel dustbins. BS 1016, Methods for the analysis and testing of coal and coke. BS 1016-1, Total moisture of coal. BS 1016-2, Total moisture of coke. BS 1016-3, Proximate analysis of coal. BS 1016-4, Moisture, volatile matter and ash in t
16、he analysis sample of coke. BS 1016-5, Gross calorific value of coal and coke. BS 1016-13, Tests special to coke. BS 1016-18, Size analysis of coal. BS 1017, Methods for sampling coal and coke. BS 1017-1, Sampling of coal. BS 1017-2, Sampling of coke. BS 1251, Specification for open-fireplace compon
17、ents. This Part of BS 3142 has been prepared under the direction of the Solid Mineral Fuels Standards Policy Committee. A minor amendment, published in 1990, deleted references to asbestos-containing material for reasons of safety. The specification provides for one size range of specially reactive
18、fuels, made by the partial carbonization of coal, and intended for use with all types of domestic open fire. An alternative fire performance test is included. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for the
19、ir correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 18 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and
20、 may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 07:35:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3142-3:1970 BSI 08-19991 Introduction deleted 1 Scope This British Standard sp
21、ecifies the requirements of quality control at producers works for specially reactive open fire fuels for use on all types of domestic open fires. 2 Sampling and preparation of samples Regular sampling of fuels produced to this standard shall be carried out at producers works. The samples shall be c
22、ollected in the manner described in Appendix A and shall be prepared for testing in the manner described in Appendix B. 3 Calorific value When tested in the manner described in Appendix C the mean calorific value, as despatched from producers works, shall be not less than 25 600 kJ/kg (11 000 Btu/lb
23、). 4 Undersize When tested in the manner described in Appendix D the mean proportion of fuel passing a 19 mm (# in) mesh BS test sieve1) shall not exceed 7 %. 5 Fire performance tests When tested in the stool bottomgrate in the manner described in Appendix E, fuels shall conform to the following req
24、uirements. In Appendix F, provision is made for the use of an inset grate for fire performance testing, where it can be demonstrated that the fuel would meet the fire performance requirements of the specification if tested by the method of Appendix E. The alternative fire performance requirements ar
25、e also given in Appendix F. 6 Assessment of results The method of assessing the results is given in Appendix G. 1) BS 410, “Test sieves” Ignition time. The mean time for the radiation output to reach 630 W/m2 (200 Btu/ft2 h) using 4 220 kJ (4 000 Btu) of gas for ignition shall not exceed 35 min. Thr
26、ee peak radiation test. The mean peak value for the third peak shall not be less than 945 W/m2 (300 Btu/ft2 h). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 07:35:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3142-3:1970 2 BSI 08-1999 Appendix A Sampling procedure A.1 Introduction This
27、appendix outlines the methods to be followed and the precautions to be observed in taking samples. A.2 Frequency of sampling Sampling shall normally be carried out on every day on which fuel is despatched from the producers works. Samples shall be taken at such times in the course of each week that
28、the whole loading period is covered. A.3 Methods of sampling Individual works differ in their procedure of fuel handling. Some works despatch fuel in weighed bags, some in bulk and others by both methods. Two methods of sampling are specified, one for sampling where fuel is filled into bags, the oth
29、er where the fuel is loaded in bulk. The two procedures are described in A.5 and A.6 respectively. It is important to ensure that the samples taken reflect the quality and consistency of the fuel despatched. This requires special attention where the fuel is despatched either from more than one point
30、2) or both in bags and in bulk. For some plants this can be achieved by using only one method to sample the fuel despatched. Two such examples are as follows. Example 1. If both the bag and the bulk loading points are fitted with similar de-breezing or guard screens it is probable that the fuel from
31、 each point will have the same size distribution. If this is found to be so, all samples can be taken from the bag loading points by the method described in A.5, provided that all such points are covered in the sampling scheme. Example 2. If the fuel for despatch alternates between two bulk loading
32、points and it is not practicable to obtain samples from one of these points, all the samples may be taken from the other loading point, provided that there are no differences in operating procedure which could introduce a significant bias. For plants where a significant difference is found between s
33、amples of the fuel loaded from different despatch points it will be necessary to include all such points in the sampling scheme, samples being taken from each by the methods described in A.5 and A.6 with a frequency roughly proportional to the quantity of fuel loaded from that point. A.4 Stock and “
34、imported” fuel Any fuel taken from stock or imported from other works, which forms a part of the fuel bagged or loaded in bulk for despatch, shall be taken into account in the scheme of sampling. Where such fuel is returned to the screening plant and mixed with current production for despatch, no sp
35、ecial arrangements are required. Where fuel is loaded direct from stock heaps, an appropriate number of the samples shall be taken from this fuel. As a rough guide the frequency of sampling from stock heaps should depend on the proportions loaded from stock and direct from current production. A.5 Ba
36、g sampling When sampling 50 kg (1 cwt) bags of fuel, two bags shall be taken together each day that fuel is despatched from those filled for despatch. One of those bags shall be used as the sample for the determination of calorific value, the other for the fire performance and undersize tests. If sm
37、aller bags are being filled, sufficient bags shall be taken to provide the two 50 kg (1 cwt) samples. After the samples have been taken, the fuel shall not be left in the bags, as this may lead to changes in size or moisture content or both. Unless, therefore, the samples are to be prepared immediat
38、ely for testing by the methods described in Appendix B, they shall be transferred at once to closeable containers3) of metal or other suitable material, which shall immediately be closed. A.6 Sampling during bulk loading Two samples shall be taken each day that fuel is despatched. One of these sampl
39、es shall be used for the determination of calorific value, the other for the fire performance and undersize tests. The weight of each sample shall be approximately 50 kg (1 cwt) and in no circumstances greater than 100 kg (2 cwt). 2) “Point of despatch” refers to the point in the works at which eith
40、er bags, wagons or lorries are loaded immediately prior to despatch. 3) Sanitary dustbins with tight-fitting lids in accordance with BS 792, “Mild steel dustbins”, are suitable for this purpose. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 07:35:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BS
41、I BS 3142-3:1970 BSI 08-19993 Sampling shall be carried out either at the loading point or at some position between the last screen (final de-breezing screen, if fitted) and the loading point. Each sample should be taken either as one or as a series of increments each of which shall not be less than
42、 4.5 kg (10 lb) with the loading boom or conveyor temporarily stopped, the whole cross section of the fuel being taken. Alternatively, the increments may be collected at a point where the fuel is falling freely and taken so that the whole cross section of the stream is sampled at once. When the fuel
43、 is bulk loaded into wagons and it is not practicable to obtain a sample prior to loading, a wagon may be unloaded and a representative sample taken in increments from the fuel discharged from that wagon. Unless the samples are to be prepared immediately for testing, they shall be transferred at onc
44、e to closeable containers4) of metal or other suitable material which shall immediately be closed. Appendix B Preparation of samples for testing B.1 Introduction The two samples of fuel, taken as described in Appendix A each day that the fuel is despatched from the works, shall be used for the follo
45、wing determinations as required: B.2 Calorific value The whole of Sample A shall be used for the preparation of a sub-sample for the determination of the calorific value as despatched from the producers works. According to whether the fuel is considered for analytical purposes to be of a “coke type”
46、 or a “coal type”, one of the following procedures shall be used. (For the purposes of this specification a “coke type” fuel is defined as “the solid product of carbonization, generally at a temperature in excess of 900 C, of a charge consisting predominantly of bituminous coal”, see BS 1016-55), 2.
47、1 5); a “coal type” fuel covers all specially reactive solid fuels produced by other manufacturing processes.) 1) “Coke type. A 1 kg (2 lb)6) total moisture sample shall be taken and prepared as described in BS 1017-27), Section 7. After drying, a 60 g sub-sample of “through 212 m” fuel shall be pre
48、pared as described in BS 1017-27), Section 8, for the determination of calorific value as described in Appendix C. 2) “Coal type”. A 1 kg (2 lb)6) total moisture sample shall be taken and prepared as described in BS 1017-18), Section 6. A 250 g sub-sample of “through 212 m” fuel shall also be taken
49、and prepared as described in BS 1017-18), Section 5, for the determination of calorific value as described in Appendix C. B.3 Undersize The whole of Sample B shall be spread in a single layer on a hard clean surface and a sub-sample removed by filling a 0.056 m3 (2 ft3) bulk density box, taking increments each of about 0.7 kg (1 lb) evenly distributed over the sample. The remainder of the sample shall be used for the determination of undersize as described in Appendix D. B.4 Fire performance The sub-sample obtained from the 0.056 m3 (2 ft3)
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