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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 7396 : 1991 Implementi
2、ng Amendment No. 1, not published separately ICS 93.080.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Specification for Permanent preformed road markings Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 14:54:11 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontr
3、olled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7396 : 1991Issue 2, November 1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Road Engineering Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 30 April 1991 BSI 1998 The following BSI refe
4、rences relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference RDB/41 Draft for comment 90/11042 DC ISBN 0 580 19271 7 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected 10206November 1998 Indicated by a line in the margin Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation
5、of this British Standard was entrusted by the Road Engineering Standards Policy Committee (RDB/-) to Technical Committee RDB/41, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Glass Manufacturers Confederation County Surveyors Society Department of Transport Institution of Civil Engineers
6、 Institution of Highways and Transportation Paintmakers Association of Great Britain Ltd. Retro-Reflective Equipment Manufacturers Association Road Markings Manufacturers and Contractors Association Co-opted members Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 0
7、8 14:54:11 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Issue 2, November 1998BS 7396 : 1991 BSI 19981 | Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Foreword2 Specification 1Scope3 2Definitions3 3Performance requirements3 4Laying3 Appendices APreconditions for road performance trials4 BLayi
8、ng and examination of material5 CDetermination of luminance factor5 DDetermination of retroreflectivity of laid stripes5 EDetermination of skidding resistance7 FDetermination of degree of erosion7 GDetermination of thickness9 HExample of a road trial certificate10 Table 1Assessment of rating of grid
9、 squares7 Figures Figure deleted 2Positioning of test grid for assessment of degree of erosion8 3Specimen wear index table8 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 14:54:11 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 BSI 1998 BS 7396 : 1991Issue 2, Nove
10、mber 1998 | | | | Foreword This British Standard and Amendment No. 1 have been prepared under the direction of the Road Engineering Standards Policy Comittee to cover the performance of preformed road markings when used on public highways or other pavement surfaces in other than temporary situations
11、. The changes made by Amendment No. 1 do not reflect a full review of the standard but were those felt necessary to maintain its currency for the forseeable future pending its withdrawal and supersession by European standards currently in preparation. On the publication of BS EN 1790 this standard i
12、s declared obsolescent. It specifies the performance requirements and testing procedures required to obtain type approval of preformed road markings when applied to the road surface. The procedures for the control of the testing at the trial site are carried out under the direction of the supervisin
13、g authority nominated by the Department of Transport. Applicants who wish their materials to be included in the road performance trials are referred to appendix A, where details of the procedures adopted by the supervising authority are given. The only supervising authority nominated by the Departme
14、nt of Transport at the time of publication of this standard is BSI Quality Assurance Division of BSI, to which all enquiries and applications to participate in the road assessment trials should be referred. It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that the execution of its provis
15、ions is entrusted to appropriately experienced people. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal
16、 obligations. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 14:54:11 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 19983 Issue 2, November 1998BS 7396 : 1991 1) Available from The Stationery Office, PO Box 276, London SW8 5DT. Specification 1 Scope This Briti
17、sh Standard specifies the performance requirements for type approval of white preformed road markings for use on public highways as centre lines, edge-lines, pedestrian crossing stripes or any other road marking prescribed in Schedule 2 of The Traffic Signs Regulations and General Directions 19811).
18、 Except for the requirement of luminance factor, provision is made for the results obtained on the white material to be applicable to other coloured materials where the composition of any other coloured material is the same as for the white material, apart from its pigment content. Provision is also
19、 made for the performance of these preformed materials to be tested with or without solid glass beads or other retroreflecting agents. Appendix A lists the preconditions for the road performance trials. NOTE. The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back c
20、over. 2 Definitions 2.1 preformed road marking A factory-produced road marking material, not made from thermoplastic road marking material as defined in BS 3262, capable of being stuck to pavement surfaces with or without a priming coat. 2.2 luminance factor The ratio of the luminance of a non-lumin
21、ous body, under specified condition of illumination and observation, to the luminance of a perfect diffuser receiving the same illumination. 2.3 retroreflectivity The ability of a material or device to reflect light in the general direction of the light source. 2.4 skidding resistance The frictional
22、 forces between tyre and road marking available to oppose skidding. 2.5 priming coat A substance used to improve adhesion between the tapes and pavement surfaces. 3 Performance requirements 3.1 Materials 3.1.1 White materials When the material is applied to the road surface in accordance with append
23、ix B and, where appropriate, tested in accordance with appendices C, D, E, F and G, it shall comply with 3.2. | | | 3.1.2 Other coloured materials Other coloured materials, in which pigmenting ingredient is the only difference from a white material complying with this British Standard, shall be deem
24、ed to comply with this British Standard, except in respect of luminance factor. 3.2 Requirements for the laid material 3.2.1 Luminance factor When tested in accordance with appendix C, the luminance factor for the test area on each stripe of white material laid shall be not less than 60 on the day o
25、f application of the material and shall be not less than 40 at each of the regular inspection intervals thereafter. 3.2.2 Retroreflectivity When tested in accordance with appendix D, the retroreflectivity of each stripe with surface applied beads shall be not less than 100 mcd/(1xm2) when measured i
26、n the dry at any time during the test period. 3.2.3 Skidding resistance When tested in accordance with appendix E, the skidding resistance for the test area on each stripe of material laid shall be not less than 55 on the day of application of the material, and shall be not less than 45 at each of t
27、he inspection intervals thereafter. 3.2.4 Degree of erosion When assessed in accordance with appendix F, the total wear index for the test area on each stripe shall not exceed 35 at each of the inspection intervals. 3.2.5 Spread of markings The width of each stripe, measured between 600 mm and 900 m
28、m from the nearside white edge-line, shall not have varied at each of the inspection intervals by more than 5 % of its initial value. 3.2.6 Thickness When determined in accordance with appendix G, no part of the stripe shall exceed 5 mm in thickness. In cases where road performance trials are succes
29、sfully completed, the thickness of each stripe laid shall be accurately recorded on the Road Trial Certificate. 4 Laying The material shall be laid in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 14:54:11 GMT+00
30、:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7396 : 1991 4 Appendices Appendix A. Preconditions for road performance trials A.1 Frequency Road performance trials are not carried out more frequently than once annually. If, in any year, the number of samples that are submitted and accepted for testing is i
31、nsufficient to justify the road trial and the concomitant disruption of traffic at the test site, the trial may be postponed. A.2 Duration The road performance trial for the markings is carried out over a period of 24 months. A.3 Location The applicant is notified of the location of the site for the
32、 road performance trials. A.4 Applicants Applicants wishing to submit samples for testing in the road performance trials should formally notify the supervising authority not later than 1 October preceding the next period of trial. The notification requires a statement of the number of materials bein
33、g submitted for the trial. A.5 Sampling and testing The applicant provides an unopened package from the manufacturer of the material to be laid, together with full application instructions. The supervising authority selects and retains a 3 m length from the remainder of the roll to enable all necess
34、ary future tests to be carried out and for reference samples. The supervising authority seals and retains the sample for the duration of the certificate under the manufacturers recommended storage conditions. NOTE. Testing of the retained sample is only made upon request. A.6 Conditions of applicati
35、on The period for application of the material to the road surface is 1 April to 31 August inclusive. NOTE. At the completion of each road performance trial, or at any time during the trial period, if required to do so by the highway authority, the supervising authority will arrange for the marking t
36、o be removed without damage to the carriageway surface and to the satisfaction of the highway authority. A.7 Test report and certificate A.7.1 Report At the completion of the road performance trial, the supervising authority will prepare a test report for each marking tested which will include: (a)
37、the name of the supervising authority; (b) the date of issue of the report; (c) the type and identification of the product tested; (d) the location of the test site; (e) the pattern of markings laid, e.g. transversely across traffic lane; (f) the road surface, i.e. bituminous or concrete, with textu
38、re depth where applicable; (g) the conditions at time of application; (1) air and road surface temperature; (2) weather; (3) humidity; (h) the method of application; (i) the date of application and duration of the test; (j) the performance of the material with reference to the requirements specified
39、 in clause 3 at each of the inspection visits; (k) the thickness of marking laid. A.7.2 Certificate A certificate is issued for successful products, containing the information given in appendix H. The certificate remains valid for not more than 5 years. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, L
40、ondon South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 14:54:11 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 19985 Issue 2, November 1998BS 7396 : 1991 Appendix B. Laying and examination of material NOTE 1. The supervising authority superintends the application of the material and carries out the evaluation of e
41、ach duplicate stripe in accordance with B.1 and B.2. A panel of five assessors is appointed by the supervising authority and verifies that the material is applied as described in B.1 and B.2. NOTE 2. The work carried out in relation to the application of the materials is to be to the satisfaction of
42、 the highway authority. B.1 Conditions for application of materials Apply the material in stripes 100 mm1 mm wide in accordance with B.2 to a road surface that is clean and dry and free of loose detritus, mud or similar extraneous matter. The conditions of temperature and humidity should be as follo
43、ws: air temperature:10 8C to 25 8C; relative humidity:# 85 %; road surface temperature:# 40 8C and $ 5 8C. Apply the stripes in a single pattern on the left-hand lane of the carriageway transverse to its length. B.2 Procedure NOTE 1. One of the two test stripes is to be reserved for evaluation if, i
44、n the opinion of the assessors, the other test stripe has been damaged by external agencies, other than natural ageing or wear, to an extent which precludes its fair assessment. NOTE 2. If, in the opinion of the assessors and the manufacturer, the material under trial or the conditions at the time o
45、f laying or site testing, or any combination of these, necessitates change(s) to the specified requirements, this is to be recorded together with the reasons for the change(s). B.2.1 Measure the thickness in accordance with appendix G. B.2.2 Apply two stripes of the material to the road surface in a
46、ccordance with the manufacturers instruction using a commercial mechanical applicator. NOTE. A priming agent may be used if considered necessary by the applicant. B.2.3 Measure the width of each stripe to an accuracy of1 mm at five points equally spaced along the stripe and calculate the mean value.
47、 B.2.4 Determine the luminance factor in accordance with appendix C (see note 2 to B.2). B.2.5 Determine the level of retroreflection in accordance with appendix D (see note 2 to B.2). B.2.6 Determine the skidding resistance in accordance with appendix E (see note 2 to B.2). | | | | | | | | | | | |
48、| | | | | | | | | B.2.7 After periods of 12 months and 24 months from the date on which the initial tests are conducted, retest the stripes in accordance with B.2.3 and appendices C, D and E as appropriate. Determine the degree of erosion in accordance with appendix F (see note 2 to B.2). Appendix C
49、. Determination of luminance factor To determine the luminance factor, use the procedure described in appendix F of BS 3262 : Part 1 : 1989 with the following modifications. (a) Clean an area of the stripe at one location at a distance of 50075 mm from the nearside white edge-line using the method described in F.2.1 of the present standard, making sure that the area is completely dry. (b) Taking precaution to shield the photoelectric cell from stray incident light measure the luminance factor of the surface and record the value obtained. (c) Repeat the measurement at a
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