《BS-7611-1992.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《BS-7611-1992.pdf(22页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7611:1992 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Specification for Potato storage boxes for mechanical handling Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:10:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7611:1992 This British Standard, hav
2、ing been prepared under the direction of the Packaging and Freight Containers Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 November 1992 BSI 04-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee referen
3、ce PKM/14 Draft for comment 91/43940 DC ISBN 0 580 21253 X Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Packaging and Freight Containers Standards Policy Committee (PKM/-) to Technical Committee PKM/14, upon which the following bodies
4、 were represented: British Fibreboard Packaging Association Forestry Commission Health and Safety Executive Institute of Trading Standards Administration Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Farmers Union Potato Marketing Board Road Haulage Association Ltd. Timber Packaging and Palle
5、t Confederation Timber Research and Development Association The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels; British Agricultural and Garden Machinery Association Ltd. North of Scotland College of Agriculture UK Softwood Sawmillers Associa
6、tion United Kingdom Wood Processors Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments 7763June 1993Indicated by a sideline in the margin Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:10:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 761
7、1:1992 BSI 04-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii Introduction1 1Scope1 2Informative references1 3Definitions1 4Dimensions2 5Strength classes3 6Design3 7Performance3 8Test report6 9Marking6 Annex A (normative) Bowing resistance test7 Annex B (normative) Deck stiff
8、ness test8 Annex C (normative) Diagonal racking test9 Annex D (normative) Compression test10 Annex E (informative) Design recommendations for potato storage boxes manufactured from wood and wood-based sheet materials11 Annex F (informative) Guidance to users on the selection and safe use of potato s
9、torage boxes12 Annex G (informative) Positive ventilation of potato storage boxes14 Figure 1 Convention for potato storage box component and box dimensions2 Figure A.1 An example of suitable test apparatus: bowing resistance test7 Figure B.1 Deck stiffness test apparatus8 Figure C.1 Examples of suit
10、able diagonal racking test apparatus9 Figure D.1 An example of suitable test apparatus, full box compression test10 Figure D.2 Schematic diagram, corner post compression test11 Figure D.3 Corner post compression test, load centre position with single and double corner posts11 Table 1 Bowing resistan
11、ce end test, maximum deflections4 Table 2 Deck stiffness test, maximum deflections5 Table 3 Diagonal rocking end test, maximum horizontal deflections5 Table 4 Diagonal racking side test, maximum horizontal deflections5 Table D.1 Load application rates and duration of load for boxes under test12 List
12、 of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:10:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7611:1992 ii BSI 04-1999 Foreword This British Standard was prepared under the direction of the Packaging and Freight Container
13、s Standards Policy Committee, at the request of the Potato Marketing Board. It is based on the findings of a research project sponsored jointly by the Department of Trade and Industry, materials suppliers, manufacturers and users. BS 7611 is primarily concerned with ensuring that potato storage boxe
14、s, containing a nominal one tonne of potatoes, are sufficiently strong to withstand the loads and forces encountered when handled or when stacked. The height of block stacks in stores has risen over the years and potato storage boxes are currently stacked up to eight high. Since the actual handling
15、and stacking requirements may vary between users, three strength classes have been introduced, each related to a specific maximum safe stack height. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct
16、 application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyrig
17、ht date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:10:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7611:1992 BSI 04-19991 Introduction
18、 Although this standard specifies general requirements for potato storage boxes and does not specify the materials of construction, it reflects the current position in that the tests have largely been developed using the most widely used type of box, that constructed from sawn wood. Certain of the t
19、est procedures reflect this, but in principle the test methods are applicable to all potato storage boxes, whatever the material and method of construction. The tests specified in Annex A, Annex B, Annex C and Annex D are prototype tests, conducted to determine whether the potato storage box design
20、meets the appropriate requirements of the standard. It is essential therefore that test prototypes are manufactured using the same methods of construction as those to be used in normal production. Materials used for test prototypes should be of the lowest quality likely to be used in production. The
21、 research project established that certain designs of sawn wood boxes in use at present may have difficulty achieving the performance requirements for the higher strength classes. Annex E therefore gives basic design guidance for boxes made from wood and wood-based sheet materials. Annex F contains
22、guidance for users on the selection and use of potato storage boxes and Annex G provides information on the specific requirements for boxes to be used in positive ventilation systems. 1 Scope This British Standard specifies dimensions and design requirements together with prototype tests and related
23、 performance requirements, for potato storage boxes having a tare weight of up to 150 kg, intended to contain a maximum of 1 150 kg1) of potatoes for short and long term storage and designed for handling by conventional fork lift truck handling systems, with or without box emptying mechanisms. NOTEP
24、otato storage boxes supplied in kit form are not within the scope of this standard. 2 Informative references This British Standard refers to other publications that provide information or guidance. Editions of these publications current at the time of issue of this standard are listed on the inside
25、back cover, but reference should be made to the latest editions. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard the following definitions apply. 3.1 baseboard a board fastened directly below the bearers (see 3.3) to distribute the load more evenly into the box below when stacked. NOTEA baseboard ma
26、y sometimes be referred to as a “bottom deckboard”, the term used in the context of pallets. 3.2 batten horizontal member fixed inside or outside the sides (see 3.17) or ends (see 3.9) of the potato storage box 3.3 bearer horizontal base component, to which the deckboards (see 3.8) are fixed, which
27、serves to permit fork entry NOTETypically the bearers are bolted to the corner posts (see 3.7). 3.4 block stacking the vertical stacking (see 3.20) of potato storage boxes without recourse to intermediate shelves or rack beams, but with the stacked boxes restrained on at least one side and one end b
28、y adjacent stacks 3.5 bracing diagonal members intended to give resistance to racking forces. These may be fixed singly (), or in pairs (/), or double (X) 3.6 closeboarded boards fastened in edge contact during box assembly allowing minimum air passage and light transmission 3.7 corner post corner m
29、ember placed in a vertical position intended to resist vertical load and act as a connecting member between side and end 3.8 deck the base of the potato storage box which supports the contents. Typically in wooden boxes it consists of a number of deckboards fastened directly above the bearers, usual
30、ly spaced to allow ventilation, but it may be of sheet material 1) The potato storage boxes covered by the standard are normally referred to as “1 tonne” boxes but variations in the density of potatoes and the presence of soil may increase the mass of the contents above the nominal 1 t figure. Licen
31、sed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:10:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7611:1992 2 BSI 04-1999 3.9 end one of the two smaller vertical panels in a potato storage box. End width and height are given as overall external sizes including t
32、he base members. When assembled, the end length is known as the box width (see Figure 1) 3.10 height the external vertical overall size, including the base 3.11 intermediate post member placed in an intermediate vertical position usually mid-way in the side (see 3.17) of a box 3.12 nail bending stre
33、ngth the bending moment measured in Nm at the ultimate load sustained by the nail when tested in either 3 or 4 point bending configuration NOTENail bending strength should not be confused with nail withdrawal resistance (see 3.13). 3.13 nail withdrawal resistance the resistance of the shank to withd
34、rawal from timber when load is applied axially to the nail. Measured in N/mm of penetration into timber 3.14 nail nominal diameter for profiled or unprofiled section nails, the nominal diameter is the shank diameter of the unprofiled part of the nail (nail stock wire diameter) 3.15 oriented strand b
35、oard (OSB) three layered flakeboard in which the grain of the flakes in each of the layers is aligned, the orientation in the centre layer being across the board while the grain of the flakes in the surface layer lies parallel to the long axis of the board 3.16 racking the forcing out of square of b
36、ox sides or ends 3.17 side one of the two longer vertical panels in a potato storage box. Side length and height are given as overall sizes including the base. When assembled the side length is known as the box length (see Figure 1). For square plan boxes, the side is the panel with the intermediate
37、 post (see 3.11), if fitted; if no intermediate post is fitted, then the side is defined as the panel below which fork lift entry is made 3.18 slatted box a style of construction in which vertical or horizontal boards have distinct gaps between them, usually for ventilation purposes NOTEAlso known a
38、s open boarded or gapped. 3.19 tightboarded boards wedged together during box assembly where relative board movement induced by racking (see 3.16) is restrained due to friction between the edges 3.20 vertical stacking boxes of equal size superimposed upon each other with no interlocking between the
39、boxes of adjacent stacks 4 Dimensions 4.1 Plan dimensions The overall plan dimensions shall be one of the following. Figure 1 Convention for potato storage box component and box dimensions Length of sideWidth of endSize code 1 830 mm1 220 mmA 1 830 mm1 195 mmB 1 805 mm1 195 mmC 1 525 mm1 195 mmD 1 2
40、90 mm1 280 mmE 1 270 mm1 270 mmF Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 13:10:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7611:1992 BSI 04-19993 The tolerances on the above sizes shall be 5 mm. The difference between diagonals measured in plan shal
41、l be no greater than 15 mm. 4.2 Height The maximum and minimum heights shall be stated as follows. The tolerance on the stated nominal height shall be 5 mm. 4.3 Vertical dimensions related to handling by fork trucks The base of the potato storage box shall be designed to allow the entry of forks on
42、the two opposite sides only (two-way entry). The distance between the ground and the under surface of the deck shall not be less than 92 mm and not more than 155 mm. 5 Strength classes Potato storage boxes shall be separated into three classes based upon performance as follows. 6 Design 6.1 General
43、Potato storage boxes shall be designed to meet the contact requirements given in 6.2 and the performance requirements given in clause 7. 6.2 Contact between superimposed boxes 6.2.1 For classes 8 and 6 there shall be a minimum horizontal contact plan area between superimposed boxes of 0.91 % of the
44、nominal plan area. NOTE 1The contact area requirement can be achieved by using four 50 mm 100 mm section rectangular corner posts on the 1 830 mm 1 195 mm plan size. For Class 4, there shall be a minimum horizontal contact plan area of 0.68 % of the nominal plan area. NOTE 2The contact area requirem
45、ent can be achieved by using four 50 mm 75 mm section rectangular corner posts on the 1 830 mm 1 195 mm plan size. In calculating the contact area the following shall apply: a) intermediate posts designed to form fully supported columns throughout a stack shall have 50 % of their plan area taken int
46、o account; b) boards or sheet materials in sides or ends designed to make contact with the base of superimposed boxes, shall have 1 % of their area of contact taken into account. 6.2.2 The design shall ensure that, if a superimposed box is malpositioned in the horizontal plane by 20 mm in either the
47、 box length or width direction (not both), no more than one-third of the contact area specified in 6.2.1 is lost. 6.2.3 Any design incorporating special interlocking features shall still comply with the requirements of 6.2.1 and 6.2.2. 7 Performance 7.1 General Prototype potato storage boxes shall b
48、e submitted to the tests described in Annex A to Annex C, in the following sequence: a) bowing resistance test (see Annex A); b) deck stiffness test (see Annex B); c) diagonal end racking test (see Annex C); d) diagonal side racking test (see Annex C). NOTEThe tests listed in a) to d) may be carried
49、 out on the same prototype. A further prototype shall be subjected to either the full box compression test described in D.2.1 or the corner post compression test described in D.2.2, except that where the potato storage box has four or six continuous vertical posts and the manufacturer can produce documentary evidence of successful results from a compression test on boxes having the same number of vertical posts, of similar material and of the same or a smaller cross section, the test requirement is waived. Size codes A, B and C 1 07
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-3735992.html