BS-7755-1.1-1997 ISO-11074-1-1996.pdf
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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7755-1.1: 1997 ISO 11074-1: 1996 Soil quality Part 1: Terminology and classification Section 1.1 Terms and definitions relating to the protection and pollution of soil ICS 01.040.13; 13.080 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:2
2、3:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7755-1.1:1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 February 1997 BSI 12-1998 The following BS
3、I references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference EH/4 Draft for comment 93/504584 DC ISBN 0 580 26920 5 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/4, Soil quality, upon which the following bod
4、ies were represented: Association of Consulting Scientists Association of Environmental Consultancies Association of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Specialists Association of Public Analysts British Gas plc British Society of Soil Science Chartered Institute of Environmental Health Chartered Inst
5、itution of Water and Environmental Management Chemical Industries Association Department of the Environment (Water and Land Directorate) Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Environment Agency Institute of Groundsmanship Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Laboratory of the G
6、overnment Chemist Macaulay Land Use Research Institute Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Society of Chemical Industry Soil Survey and Land Research Centre Water Research Centre Water Services Association of England and Wales Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed
7、 Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:23:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7755-1.1:1997 BSI 12-1998i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Introduction1 Scope 2 Normative reference 2 1 Terms relating to
8、 properties of soils and substances 3 2 Terms relating to processes in soils 7 3 Terms relating to the quality of soils 9 4 Terms relating to soil protection 13 5 Additional terms 15 List of references Inside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri D
9、ec 08 10:23:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7755-1.1:1997 ii BSI 12-1998 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee EH/4 and is identical with ISO 11074-1 Soil quality Vocabulary Part 1: Terms and definitions relating to the protection and pollu
10、tion of soil, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ISO 11074-1 was prepared by Subcommittee 1, Evaluation of criteria, terminology and codification, of Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, with the active participation and approval of the UK. BS 7755 is bei
11、ng published in a series of Parts subdivided into Sections and Subsections that will generally correspond to particular international standards. Other Parts of BS 7755 are, or will be, as follows. Part 1: Terminology and classification; Part 2: Sampling; Part 3: Chemical methods; Part 4: Biological
12、methods; Part 5: Physical methods. For ease of production some of the French, Russian and German versions of the text have been retained. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct applicatio
13、n. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-reference Publication referred toCorresponding British Standard ISO 6107-6:1986aBS 6068 Water quality Section 1.6:1996 An additional 41 terms (Identical) a Superseded by ISO 6107-6:1996. Summary of
14、 pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 22, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front c
15、over. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:23:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7755-1.1:1997 BSI 12-19981 Introduction The assessment of the quality of a soil is a complex matter in view of the variety of uses, hazards and changes o
16、f soils. ISO/TC 190 has decided to give priority to two aspects: the quality of the environment (including water) in which the soil plays an essential part; the quality of the medium for agricultural production provided by the soil. Given the importance attached to the problems of widespread or loca
17、lized hazardous substances, erosion, compaction and other problems associated with agricultural production, it is essential to clearly establish defined concepts and common terminology to describe soils. In this part of ISO 11074, most of the terms that are defined describe changes in the chemical c
18、omposition of the soil and the effects of such changes on soil functions. Where feasible, attention has also been paid to physical and biological changes. There are several possible definitions of the term soil. For the purposes of this part of ISO 11074, soil is the upper layer of the Earths crust
19、composed of mineral particles, organic matter, water, air and organisms. In the context of soil protection, attention must be paid to topsoil, subsoil and deeper layers, and to associated mineral deposits and ground water. Attention must also be paid to the presence, within or on the soil, of man-ma
20、de materials such as domestic and industrial wastes, sludges, dredged materials and mine tailings. They may provide a source of substances hazardous to soil and affecting neighbouring natural soils. Soil processes take place in these man-made materials in the same way as they do in natural bedrock a
21、nd surface deposits. It should also be noted that construction activities frequently require the excavation and redeposition (translocation) of natural soils. Soil functions describe the role of soils for man and the environment. Important soil functions include controlling element and energy cycles
22、 as a compartment of eco-systems; supporting plants, animals and man; giving support to mans constructions and buildings; agricultural production; bearing ground water and deposits; holding a genetic reservoir; serving as an archive of natural history; serving as an archaeological and paleo-ecologic
23、al archive. In addition, man uses soils for the deposition of man-made materials (see above), and atmospheric and water-borne pollutants can accumulate in soils. This part of ISO 11074 is concerned with soil pollution. Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 found it particularly difficult to agree upon defi
24、nitions for terms such as pollution and contamination. Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 recognizes the importance of distinguishing between different states of soils bearing potentially hazardous substances. In practice, the concentration of substance in soil may be a) at background level; or b) above
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