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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 7883 : 1997 Incorporat
2、ing Amendment Nos. 1 and 2 ICS 13.340.99 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Code of practice for Application and use of anchor devices conforming to BS EN 795 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:40:26 GMT+00:00
3、2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7883 : 1997Issue 3, April 1999 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 March 1997 BSI 04-1999 The following BSI
4、 references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PH/5 Draft for comment 95/501663 DC ISBN 0 580 26834 9 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected 9586May 1997Indicated by a sideline in the margin 10444April 1999Indicated by a sideline Committees responsible fo
5、r this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee PH/5, Industrial safety belts and harnesses, upon which the following bodies were represented: Arboricultural Safety Council Association of Consulting Scientists British Constructional Steelwork Ass
6、ociation Ltd. British Electrical Systems Association (BEAMA Ltd.) British Narrow Fabrics Association British Telecommunications plc Confederation of British Forgers Construction Fixings Association Cordage Manufacturers Institute Electricity Association Health and Safety Executive Industrial Rope Ac
7、cess Trade Association National Engineering Laboratory National Federation of Master Steeplejacks and Lightning Conductor Engineers SATRA Footwear Technology Centre Safety Equipment Association Suspended Access Equipment Manufacturers Association TES-Bretby Ltd. Licensed Copy: London South Bank Univ
8、ersity, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:40:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Issue 2, April 1999BS 7883 : 1997 BSI 04-1999a Summary of pages The following table identifies the current issue of each page. Issue 1 indicates that a page has been introduced for the first time by
9、amendment. Subsequent issue numbers indicate an updated page. Vertical sidelining on replacement pages indicates the most recent changes (amendment, addition, deletion). PageIssuePageIssue Front cover Inside front cover a b i ii 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 3 2 blank 2 2 2 2 original original original 2 7 8 9 10 1
10、0a 10b 11 12 13 14 Inside back cover Back cover 2 2 2 2 1 1 original 2 2 original original 2 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:40:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI bblank Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank
11、 University, Fri Dec 08 10:40:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Issue 2, April 1999BS 7883 : 1997 BSI 04-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii Introductionii Code of practice 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Definitions1 4Classification2 5Materials and co
12、mponents5 6Design aspects5 7Fixing anchor devices10a 8Position of anchor devices10b 9Selection of type of structural anchor12 10Method of fixing structural anchors12 11Inspection and testing13 12Inspection and examination13 13Instructions for use and for marking13 14Connection of safety lanyards14 F
13、igures 1Class A1 Examples of structural anchors designed to be secured to vertical, horizontal and inclined surfaces, e.g. walls, columns, lintels2 2Class A2 Examples of structural anchors designed to be secured to inclined roofs3 3Class B Examples of transportable temporary anchor devices3 4Class C
14、 Examples of anchor devices employing horizontal flexible lines4 5Class D Examples of anchor devices employing horizontal rigid anchor rails5 6Class E Examples of dead weight anchor devices5 7Position of anchor device when used with expanding socket or chemically bonded socket6 8Position of anchor d
15、evice when used with cast-in socket7 9Anchor device as used on steel structures8 10Through-type anchor device9 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:40:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii BSI 1997 BS
16、7883 : 1997Issue 2, April 1999 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee PH/5. Together with BS EN 795 : 1997 it supersedes BS 5845 : 1991, which is withdrawn. It provides information relating to anchor devices and recommendations for
17、 their installation and for the connection of personal protective equipment (PPE) for protection against falls from a height. This code of practice is intended to complement, and should be read in conjunction with, BS EN 795 : 1997. This code of practice is intended to complement BS EN 795 by recomm
18、ending good, accepted practice and practical experience followed by competent practitioners. It is important, however, that it should not be considered as an alternative to, or to be in conflict with, BS EN 795. As a code of practice, this British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommendati
19、ons. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their corre
20、ct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Introduction Gravity is dangerous because it cannot be detected by the human senses. It cannot be isolated, minimized or segregated from workers in the same way that other occupational hazar
21、ds are. Engineered controls have to be devised to protect workers from its effects, i.e. falls from a height, of which there are two basic types, fall restraint systems and fall arrest systems. This second amendment adds several new sub-clauses as a result of safety concerns brought to the attention
22、 of BSI Technical Committee PH/5. In some cases, the recommendations given in those clauses are different from, or additional to, the content of BS EN 795. Relevant amendments to EN 795 have been proposed to CEN/TC 160, and it is hoped that these will be incorporated at the earliest possible opportu
23、nity. It may be necessary to issue a further amendment to this code of practice once EN 795 has been revised. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:40:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 04-19991 Issue 2, April 1999BS 7883 : 1997 Code
24、of practice | | | | | | 1 Scope This British Standard gives recommendations for anchor devices used in the direct attachment of personal protective equipment (PPE), which protect against falls from a height, and for no other purpose. Recommendations on the fixture of such anchors to existing buildin
25、gs and new construction are included together with methods of test and test recommendations for assessing the suitability of anchors. It is intended to be used in conjunction with BS EN 795. Anchor devices as specified in BS EN 795 and in this code of practice are primarily intended for use in fall
26、arrest systems, but may also be used in fall restraint systems. This code of practice is based on the application and use of PPE for protection against falls from a height conforming to the requirements of the following standards: BS EN 341BS EN 353-1BS EN 353-2 BS EN 354BS EN 355BS EN 358 BS EN 360
27、BS EN 361BS EN 362 BS EN 363 Recommendations concerning the connection of safety lanyards are included. The advice and recommendations in this code of practice only cover anchor devices for the direct attachment of other PPE in accordance with BS EN 363. 2 Normative references This British Standard
28、incorporates, by reference, provisions from specific editions of other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate points in the text and the publications are listed on the inside back cover. Subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this
29、 standard only when incorporated in it by updating or revision. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 anchor device Element, or series of elements, which incorporates an anchor point or anchor points. NOTE. An anchor device comprises a complete
30、 set of elements, incorporating a structural anchor and an anchor point. 3.2 element Part of a component or a sub-system. NOTE. Ropes, webbing, attachment elements, fittings and anchorage lines are examples of elements. | | | | | | | 3.3 component Part of a system at a point of sale by the manufactu
31、rer, supplied with packaging, marking and instructions for use. NOTE. Body supports (e.g. harnesses) and lanyards are examples of components of systems. 3.4 anchor point Element to which personal protective equipment may be attached after installation of the anchor device. 3.5 structural anchor Elem
32、ent, or elements, permanently secured to a structure, to which an anchor device or personal protective equipment may be attached. 3.6 extremity structural anchor Structural anchor at each extremity of a flexible anchor line. 3.7 intermediate structural anchor Additional structural anchor or anchors
33、which may be necessary between the extremity structural anchors. 3.8 anchor line Flexible line between structural anchors, to which personal protective equipment can be attached. 3.9 anchor rail Rigid line between structural anchors, to which personal protective equipment can be attached. 3.10 mobil
34、e anchor point Additional, movable element on the anchor line or anchor rail, to which personal protective equipment may be attached. 3.11 attachment Device attached to the mobile anchor point of a flexible anchor line which performs to the manufacturers specification. NOTE. A lanyard and an energy
35、absorber are examples of an attachment. 3.12 sub-system Assembly of elements and/or components making up a larger part of a system. 3.13 fall factor (ff) Ratio of the free fall distance (see 3.14) to the length of the connecting lanyard including any connectors, both quantities being expressed in th
36、e same units of measure. 3.14 free fall distance Total vertical distance through which a worker could fall, from the start of the fall to the onset of arrest. 3.15 fall restraint systems Protection which prevents or restrains a worker from reaching a position from which a fall could occur. 3.16 fall
37、 arrest systems Protection which limits the extent of the fall, i.e. arrests the fall. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:40:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 BSI 1997 BS 7883 : 1997Issue 2, May 1997 1 + 2 = Anchor device 1. Structu
38、ral anchor 1. Structural anchor 2. Anchor point 2. Anchor point Figure 1. Class A1 Examples of structural anchors designed to be secured to vertical, horizontal and inclined surfaces, e.g. walls, columns, lintels 4 Classification 4.1 Class A 4.1.1 Class A1 Class A1 comprises structural anchors desig
39、ned to be secured to vertical, horizontal and inclined surfaces, e.g. walls, columns, lintels, as shown in figure 1. 4.1.2 Class A2 Class A2 comprises structural anchors designed to be secured to inclined roofs, as shown in figure 2. 4.2 Class B Class B comprises transportable temporary anchor devic
40、es, as shown in figure 3. 4.3 Class C Class C comprises anchor devices employing horizontal flexible lines, as shown in figure 4. NOTE. For the purposes of this standard a horizontal line is understood to be a line which deviates from the horizontal by not more than 15. 4.4 Class D Class D comprises
41、 anchor devices employing horizontal rigid anchor rails, as shown in figure 5. 4.5 Class E Class E comprises dead weight anchors for use on horizontal surfaces, as shown in figure 6. NOTE. For the use of dead weight anchors a horizontal surface is understood to deviate from the horizontal by not mor
42、e than 5. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:40:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 19973 BS 7883 : 1997 1 + 2 = Anchor device 1. Structural anchor 1. Structural anchor 2. Anchor point 2. Anchor point Figure 2. Class A2 Examples of
43、structural anchors designed to be secured to inclined roofs ? ? ? ? a) Cross beamb) Girder clampc) Tripod Anchor point Anchor point Anchor point Figure 3. Class B Examples of transportable temporary anchor devices Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08
44、10:40:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 BSI 1997 BS 7883 : 1997 ? ? ? Structure Structure ? ? ? Structure Plan view (eg. chimney) 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = Anchor device 1. Extremity structural anchor 2. Intermediate structural anchor 2. Intermediate structural anchor 3. Mobile anchor point 4. A
45、nchor line 4. Anchor line Figure 4. Class C Examples of anchor devices employing horizontal flexible lines Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:40:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 19975 BS 7883 : 1997 ? ? ? ? Anchor point Figure 6.
46、 Class E Examples of dead weight anchor devices ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1 + 2 = Anchor device 1. Anchor rail 1. Anchor rail 2. Mobile anchor point 2. Mobile anchor point Figure 5. Class D Examples of anchor devices employing horizontal rigid anchor rails 5 Materials and components 5.1 Materials The materi
47、als used in manufacture should be such that the anchor device conforms to BS EN 795. Particular attention should be given to the operating environment (e.g. temperature, pollution, humidity) and anticipated life span. 5.2 Components All components and elements used in conjunction with the anchor dev
48、ice should conform to BS EN 341, BS EN 353-1, BS EN 353-2, BS EN 354, BS EN 355, BS EN 358, BS EN 360, BS EN 361, BS EN 362, or BS EN 363, and should be compatible with the anchor device. 6 Design aspects 6.1 General 6.1.1 Anchor devices should be designed so that when installed there should be adeq
49、uate bearing surfaces to minimize bending in the event of the arrest of a falling body (see figures 7, 8, 9 and 10), unless the anchor device is designed specifically to deform in bending. 6.1.2 Designers should be conscious of the need to avoid stress raising features by: a) the provision of a suitable radius between the collar and shank of an eyebolt; b) ensuring that the run-out of male threads which are intended to be loaded in shear or bending is sufficient distance from the bearing surfa
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