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1、BS 7907:2007 Code of practice for the design and manufacture of childrens clothing to promote mechanical safety ICS 61.020 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed Jan 02 02:
2、17:58 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Publishing and copyright information The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 56928 9 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference
3、 TCI/66 Draft for comment 07/30149682 DC Publication history First published December 1997 Second edition, December 2007 Amendments issued since publication Amd. no.DateText affected BS 7907:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed Jan 02 02:17:58 GMT+00:00
4、 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 2007i BS 7907:2007 Contents Foreword ii Introduction 1 1 Scope 2 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms and definitions 3 4 Hazards and associated risks 5 5 Risk assessment 8 6 Garment design, materials and construction 10 7 Manufacture 17 8 Packaging 21 9 Security ta
5、gging and display of garments for retail 21 Annexes Annex A (informative) Injury data relating to childrens clothing 22 Annex B (normative) Method for determination of removal force of attached components 27 Annex C (normative) Method for determination of the security of attachment of non-grippable
6、attached components 40 Annex D (normative) Information to be supplied by the designer to the manufacturer 44 Annex E (informative) Testing and statistical evaluation for process control purposes 45 Bibliography 46 List of figures Figure B.1 Examples of button boxes 29 Figure B.2 Plate for use in but
7、ton box 31 Figure B.3 Example of a suitable grip for testing 13, 14 and 15 ligne (8.25 mm, 8.5 mm and 9.5 mm) poppers 31 Figure B.4 Press fastener lower grip 32 Figure B.5 Diamant upper grip 33 Figure B.6 Diamant lower grip 33 Figure B.7 Example of the arrangement for testing press fasteners 35 Figu
8、re B.8 Example of the arrangement for testing diamants 37 Figure B.9 Example of the arrangement for testing embellishments attached to slide fastener pullers 38 List of tables Table 1 Recommended values for security of attached components on finished garments 12 Table A.1 Injuries analysed by age 22
9、 Table A.2 Injuries analysed by cause 23 Table A.3 Injuries analysed by type 23 Table A.4 Injuries analysed by gender 24 Table A.5 Injuries caused by components of clothing 24 Table A.6 Causes of injuries in relation to the categories of clothing 25 Table A.7 Comparison of HASS statistics from 1995
10、and 2000 26 Table C.1 Composition of phosphate reference detergent 40 Table E.1 Expected failure rates for different Z-values 45 Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 46, an inside back cover and a back cover. Licensed Copy: London S
11、outh Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed Jan 02 02:17:58 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7907:2007 ii BSI 2007 Foreword Publishing information This British Standard is published by BSI and came into effect on 31 December 2007. It was prepared by Technical Committee TCI/6
12、6, Apparel and interior textiles. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Supersession This British Standard supersedes BS 7907:1997, which is withdrawn. Information about this document This is a full revision of the standard, which has been
13、 prepared to bring the standard up to date, and in particular to take into account BS EN 14682:2004, which now covers cords and drawstrings on childrens clothing. This revision of the standard introduces the following principal changes. New clauses have been added on hazards and risks, and on risk a
14、ssessment. References are made to BS EN 14682, and recommendations that are now covered by BS EN 14682 have been removed. Recommended performance levels, and test methods, for the security of attachment of attached components have been added. This British Standard gives recommendations for the desig
15、n and manufacture of childrens clothing to promote mechanical safety. The recommendations in this standard are based on the potential risks of mechanical injury to children from their clothing which have been identified through reference to published accident statistics and discussions with retailer
16、s and manufacturers of childrens clothing. The statistics are summarized in Annex A. These have been updated and are presented in a different format from that used in the previous edition of BS 7907. A table comparing accident data from 1995 and from 2000 (before and after publication of the first e
17、dition of this standard) is also included. Test methods have been included for the measurement of the security of attachment of different types of attached components. The need to be very specific in the method of test for each component type became apparent during research into current commercial p
18、ractices. Owing to the wide range of attached components they have been grouped together for the purposes of the test methods. Grippable components have been grouped on the basis of the type of grip needed for the test, which has been closely defined for each group (see Annex B). Currently there are
19、 a variety of grip designs being used by different laboratories to measure the removal force for the same components and this can lead to variations in the results. The speed of operation of the tensile testing machine has also been closely defined as variation in test speeds can also give a variati
20、on in the results. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed Jan 02 02:17:58 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 2007iii BS 7907:2007 For testing non-grippable components a washing method is given in Annex C. The characteristics of the washing machine,
21、 the detergent and the washing and drying conditions have been closely defined, as variations in any of these can lead to variation in the test results. It should be noted that, while the test method involves a washing and drying process, the test is intended to determine the durability of attachmen
22、t of the attached components, rather than the performance of the garment. For this reason the test conditions are much more aggressive than the conditions used in normal laundering. Recommended performance levels for the security of attached components are given that have been found to be achievable
23、 on most types of garment and have been found in many years of retail practice to provide safe garments. NOTEThese are not necessarily at the same levels as those required for toys as specified in BS EN 71-1:2005. While the majority of accidents involve younger children, this standard is intended to
24、 assist in reducing the risk of accidents to children of all ages. This standard is intended for designers, specifiers and manufacturers of childrens clothing. It is also intended to be used by importers, distributors and retailers to assist them in the selection of clothing that does not present a
25、hazard. The standard also gives guidance for retailers on the safety aspects of the packaging and display of childrens clothing. Assessed capability. Users of this British Standard are advised to consider the desirability of sourcing materials and components from suppliers who operate quality system
26、s that have been assessed and registered against the appropriate standard in the BS EN ISO 9000 series by an accredited third-party certification body. Use of this document As a code of practice, this British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it w
27、ere a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading. Any user claiming compliance with this British Standard is expected to be able to justify any course of action that deviates from its recommendations. Presentational conventions The provis
28、ions in this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its recommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “should”. Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative elemen
29、t. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed Jan 02 02:17:58 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7907:2007 iv BSI 2007 Contractual and legal considerations This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users ar
30、e responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed Jan 02 02:17:58 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 20071 BS 7907:2007 Introduction T
31、he General Product Safety Regulations 2005 1 require all products placed on the market to be safe, and provide information on how the safety of products should be assessed. According to the General Product Safety Regulations 2005 1 product safety may be assessed by reference to the following: a)spec
32、ific product regulations; b)national regulations; c)European standards which have had their references published in the Official Journal of the European Union; d)other European standards; e)community technical specifications; f)national standards (i.e. British Standards that are not UK versions of E
33、uropean standards); g)industry codes of good practice; h)state of the art and technology, and the safety which consumers may reasonably expect. More details on assessment of product safety are given in the Department of Trade and Industry publication The General Product Safety Regulations 2005: Guid
34、ance for businesses, consumers and enforcement authorities 2. When designing childrens clothing, it is essential to take into consideration the behaviour of children, whose need for exploration and challenge drives them to use items in new and different ways. One common factor children share is that
35、 they are unaware of cause and effect and are therefore substantially less cautious than adults in relation to hazards. It should be emphasized that consideration of the recommendations given in this standard from the earliest possible stage, i.e. the design stage, is of prime importance. Recommenda
36、tions on risk assessment are given in Clause 5. The recommendations given relate only to mechanical safety. There are many other safety aspects relating to childrens clothing that need to be considered when carrying out a full risk assessment, including chemical safety, thermal protection (against h
37、eat or cold), avoidance of overheating, flammability, and protection against solar radiation (protection against sunburn). Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed Jan 02 02:17:58 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 7907:2007 2 BSI 2007 1 Scope This Br
38、itish Standard gives recommendations for the design and manufacture of childrens clothing to promote mechanical safety. The standard also gives recommendations on safety aspects of the packaging and display of childrens clothing, including guidance for retailers. This standard is applicable to cloth
39、ing intended for children up to 14 years of age. This standard is intended for use at all stages of the clothing supply chain, including use by designers, specifiers and manufacturers of childrens clothing. It is also intended to be used by importers, distributors and retailers to assist them in the
40、 selection of clothing that does not present a mechanical hazard. This standard is not applicable to: a)child care articles, such as bibs, nappies and soother holders; b)footwear, such as boots, shoes and slippers; c)toys and other items sold with the clothing. The standard does not include recommen
41、dations on any clothing features that might be necessary to cater for children with special needs. The standard does not include recommendations on the following: 1)chemical safety; 2)protection against allergic reactions, e.g. to nickel released from metal components, rubber and feathers; 3)thermal
42、 protection (against heat or cold); 4)avoidance of overheating in children under 12 months; 5)flammability; 6)protection against solar radiation (protection against sunburn). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated r
43、eferences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. BS 1903:1981, Glossary of terms used by the clothing industry BS 3084:2006, Slide fasteners (Zips) Specification BS 4162, Methods of test for buttons B
44、S EN 14682, Safety of childrens clothing Cords and drawstrings on childrens clothing Specifications BS EN ISO 139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing BS EN ISO 3758, Textiles Care labelling code using symbols BS EN ISO 6330:2001, Textiles Domestic washing and drying procedure
45、s for textile testing Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed Jan 02 02:17:58 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 20073 BS 7907:2007 BS EN ISO 7500-1:2004, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/compressio
46、n testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system BS EN ISO 10012, Measurement management systems Requirements for measurement processes and measuring equipment 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the terms and definitions given in BS 1903:1
47、981 and the following apply. 3.1childrens clothing garments intended by design, manufacture or selling route to be worn by children up to 14 years of age NOTEThe guidance notes to the VAT Regulations 3 give garment measurements for children up to the eve of their 14th birthday. 3.2filling material m
48、aterial which is encased in fabric to form part of the structure of a garment NOTEFilling materials include waddings, foams and feathers. 3.3foreign object object not intended to be a part of a garment 3.4ischaemic injury injury to a part of the body resulting from a restriction of blood circulation
49、 3.5attached components 3.5.1press fastener fastening device consisting of a male component and a female component that are attached to different parts of a garment and which is fastened by aligning the two components and pressing them together NOTE 1Press fasteners include poppers and snaps. NOTE 2Press fasteners can be attached to a garment mechanically or can be sewn on. 3.5.2tack button fastening device comprising a button with a hollow shank on the
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