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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 8010-2.3: 1988 Code of practice for Pipelines Part 2: Pipelines on land: design, construction and installation Section 2.3 Asbestos cement UDC 621.644:666.961 462 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncont
2、rolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.3:1988 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 28 February 1989 BSI 02-1999 First published, as
3、CP 2010-4, April 1972 First revision February 1989 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CSB/10 Draft for comment 86/12464 DC ISBN 0 580 16572 8 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by
4、the Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee (CSB/-) to Technical Committee CSB/10, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Engineers British Compressed Gases Association British Gas plc British Plastics Federation British Precast Concrete Fed
5、eration Ltd. Concrete Pipe Association Country Landowners Association County Surveyors Society Department of Energy (Petroleum Engineering Division) Ductile Iron Producers Association Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Federation of
6、 Civil Engineering Contractors Health and Safety Executive Home Office Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Gas Engineers Institution of Mechanical Engineers Institution of Water and Environmental Management Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Farmers Union Pipeline Industr
7、ies Guild Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Society of British Gas Industries Water Authorities Association Water Companies Association Water Research Centre The following body was also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Fibre Cement Manufacturers A
8、ssociation Limited Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.3:1988 BSI 02-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside fron
9、t cover Forewordii Subsection 1. General 1Scope1 2Definition1 3Application1 4Health and safety1 5Inspection1 Subsection 2. Materials and availability 6General3 7Pipes3 8Fittings and valves3 9Flanges3 10Bolts, nuts and washers3 11Joint rings3 12Flange gaskets4 Subsection 3. Design considerations 13Ge
10、neral5 14Access to the pipeline5 15Hydraulic design5 16Structural design5 17Joints and flexibility7 18Protective devices and valves7 Subsection 4. Corrosion protection 19Pipes and fittings9 20Bolted joints9 Subsection 5. Transport, handling and storage 21General10 22Transport10 23Handling and storag
11、e10 Subsection 6. Construction 24Trenching11 25Inspection of pipe before laying11 26Reclamation of damaged pipes11 27Closure pipes11 28Laying and jointing11 29Backfilling12 Subsection 7. Cleaning, testing and commissioning 30Cleaning13 31Testing of pressure pipelines13 32Commissioning14 33Records15
12、Appendix A Joints16 Appendix B Effect of non-metallic materials on water quality17 Appendix C References17 Figure 1 Push-on type joint16 Figure 2 Detachable type joint16 Table 1 Spacing of transverse anchors for steeply inclined pipelines6 Publications referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: Lon
13、don South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.3:1988 ii BSI 02-1999 Foreword This Section of BS 8010 has been prepared under the direction of the Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee. The sta
14、ndard is being published in four Parts to form a complete revision of all five Parts of CP 2010 as follows: Part 1: Pipelines on land: general; Part 2: Pipelines on land: design, construction and installation; Part 3: Pipelines subsea: design, construction and installation; Part 4: Pipelines on land
15、 and subsea: operation and maintenance. The new Part 1 (which supersedes CP 2010-1:1966) is intended to contain general information which is relevant to a variety of pipeline construction materials and a variety of transported materials. It deals with those aspects of pipeline development which affe
16、ct the owner and occupier of land through which the pipeline passes. Part 2 will be divided into several Sections which will be published as separate documents as follows: Section 2.1: Ductile iron; Section 2.2: Steel (for water and associated products); Section 2.3: Asbestos cement; Section 2.4: Pr
17、estressed concrete; Section 2.5: Glass reinforced thermosetting plastics; Section 2.6: Thermoplastics; Section 2.7: Precast concrete; Section 2.8: Steel (for oil, gas and associated products). Each Section will contain information on the design, construction and installation of a pipeline in the par
18、ticular material. These Sections will supersede the existing Parts 2, 3, 4 and 5 of CP 2010. Part 3 will include information relevant to the design, installation and commissioning of subsea pipelines in steel and other materials. Part 4 will contain advice on the operation and maintenance of pipelin
19、es and will probably be in sections related to conveyed material. This Section 2.3 supersedes CP 2010-4:1972, which is withdrawn. Appendix A describes and illustrates some typical types of joint used with asbestos cement pipe. Appendix B gives the requirements for materials for use with potable wate
20、r. Appendix C contains the references for additional detailed information. References are indicated in the text by numbers in square brackets. It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced peo
21、ple. Attention is drawn to the following principal Statutes. This list is not intended to be complete and the relevant authorities should be consulted and reference made to Part 1. These Acts are supplemented by Statutory Instruments. Acquisition of Land Act 1981 Control of Pollution Act 1974 Countr
22、yside Act 1968 Pipelines Act 1962 Public Health Acts 1936 and 1961 Requisitioned Land and War Works Act 1948 Water Acts 1945, 1948, 1973, 1975, 1981 and 1983. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS
23、8010-2.3:1988 BSI 02-1999iii A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of p
24、ages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 18, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cove
25、r. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.3:
26、1988 BSI 02-19991 Subsection 1. General 1 Scope This Section of BS 8010 gives design considerations and construction and installation recommendations for asbestos cement pipelines and should be read in conjunction with BS 8010-1*. This British Standard code of practice is not intended to replace or
27、duplicate hydraulic, mechanical or structural design manuals. 2 Definition For the purposes of this Section of BS 8010 the following definition applies. pipeline a line of pipes, of any length, without frequent branches. It does not include piping systems such as process plant piping within refineri
28、es, factories or treatment plant 3 Application The pipelines covered by this Section of BS 8010 are generally suitable for conveying natural or potable water, slurries and sludges, sewage, trade waste and brine. When designing for the conveyance of sewage, reference should also be made to BS 8005. 4
29、 Health and Safety The inhalation of asbestos dust can lead to asbestosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma. There is no completely safe level of exposure to asbestos dust, but the risk of disease increases with increasing exposure. Occupational exposure to asbestos dust should therefore be kept to a mi
30、nimum and in any event should not exceed current control limits published by the Health and Safety Executive 1. Asbestos cement pipes made in the UK since 1982 contain only chrysotile (white asbestos). Pressure pipes made in the UK between 1955 and 1964 and sewer pipes made in the UK between 1967 an
31、d 1970 contain some crocidolite (blue asbestos) in addition to chrysotile. Amosite (brown asbestos) replaced crocidolite in much UK manufacture of pressure pipes between 1970 and 1982, although the asbestos content of the pipes was predominantly chrysotile. The Asbestos (Prohibitions) Regulations 19
32、85 prohibit the supply of materials and articles containing crocidolite and amosite, or the use at work of such products except those which were in use before 1 January 1986, but do not prohibit removal or disposal. Crocidolite and amosite and products containing either of them may not be used in th
33、e manufacture or repair of any other product. NOTEThe production of asbestos cement pipes in the UK ceased in 1986. The Asbestos Regulations 1969 require that HM Factory Inspectorate be given twenty-eight days notice before work is started on any process (which includes cutting and turning) involvin
34、g crocidolite in a factory (which includes water treatment works). The 1969 Regulations are due to be replaced by the Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations, currently being prepared. The precautions to be taken when working with asbestos cement are described in HSE Guidance Notes 2 3 4. Work metho
35、ds should be selected which effectively prevent the spread of asbestos contamination and do not create unnecessary dust. Asbestos cement pipes should be thoroughly wetted, wherever reasonably practicable, before cutting, rasping or machining operations. Water-flushed rotary abrasive discs are permis
36、sible for cutting pipes provided that those involved in the operation wear suitable respiratory protective equipment and impervious protective clothing (see BS 4275), 5 6. Other types of high-speed rotary tools should not be used. Hand saws and low speed turning and parting lathes are permissible. A
37、rrangements should be made for decontamination of personnel and equipment. Waste material such as off-cuts, turnings and dust containing asbestos should be disposed of in accordance with current regulations on hazardous waste. It may be necessary to place the material in impervious bags or air-tight
38、 containers, appropriately labelled, for disposal as asbestos waste. The recommendations in this Section which relate to the integrity of pipelines have regard to the need for public safety under conditions usually encountered by asbestos cement pipelines in urban, rural and industrial areas. 5 Insp
39、ection The integrity of a well-designed pipeline depends to a great extent upon the performance standards set for each stage of manufacture and construction, and the quality of inspection by which the achievement of those standards is controlled. The promoter of a pipeline should carefully evaluate
40、what degree and balance of inspection, as between the manufacturer and constructor on the one hand, and the promoter and his agents on the other, will most efficiently achieve the overall level of assurance required. The purchasers rights of inspection of pipes and components at the factory, includi
41、ng some optional rights, are covered in the relevant British Standards. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.3:1988 2 BSI 02-1999 Special attention should be paid to: a) inspection before i
42、nstallation for possible damage particularly to the ends of each pipe and any coating (see clause 25); b) proper bedding to ensure that the design criteria for superimposed loading are met and that leakage is not caused by undue settlement; c) proper jointing, anchoring and testing. Any substandard
43、materials or workmanship detected should be rectified or, where necessary, rejected before any further work is done. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.3:1988 BSI 02-19993 Subsection 2. M
44、aterials and availability 6 General All materials should be compatible with the products that are to be conveyed in the pipeline. When used under the conditions for which they are designed, all materials, including repair materials in contact with or likely to come into contact with potable water sh
45、ould be incapable of permitting microbial growth. Non-metallic materials should comply with the requirements for the effect of non-metallic materials on water quality (see Appendix B). 7 Pipes Pressure pipes should comply with BS 486. Pipes for gravity pipelines should comply with BS 3656. Pipes out
46、side the range of sizes and classes given in these British Standards are permissible provided that they are designed in accordance with the same principles and that they are capable of withstanding agreed manufacturing tests and the tests recommended in this Section of the code. 8 Fittings and valve
47、s 8.1 Fittings Fittings should be of asbestos cement, cast iron or steel, depending on size and design requirements. Fittings of cast iron or steel should have plain or flanged ends or a combination of both. Plain spigots should be of sufficient length and surface smoothness to accommodate the parti
48、cular joint to be used. Asbestos cement fittings should be made from pipe complying with BS 486 or BS 3656 as appropriate. Cast iron fittings should be compatible with the pipe diameter and in all other respects should comply with BS 78, BS 2035 or BS 4622. Steel fittings should be compatible with t
49、he pipe diameter and in all other respects should comply with BS 534. NOTEFor non-standard fittings, refer to 8.4. 8.2 Valves Valves should comply with an appropriate British Standard, the principal ones being: 8.3 Air valves Air valves should be selected to be suitable for the duty required. NOTEAutomatic air valves are available for the release or admission of large volumes of air during emptying and filling, or for the release of small volumes accumulated during service. Special designs are available for the release of l
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