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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 8010-2.7: 1989 Code of practice for Pipelines Part 2: Pipelines on land: design, construction and installation Section 2.7 Precast concrete UDC 624.05:621.643:624.139.621.644:627.84:691.327 462:001.4:620.1:006.76(083.75) Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South B
2、ank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.7:1989 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes
3、 into effect on 31 July 1989 BSI 03-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CSB/10 Draft for comment 86/14901 DC ISBN 0 580 17127 2 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Civil
4、Engineering and Building Structures Standards Policy Committee (CSB/-) to Technical Committee CSB/10, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Engineers British Compressed Gases Association British Gas plc British Plastics Federation British Precast Concrete Federa
5、tion Ltd. Concrete Pipe Association Country Landowners Association County Surveyors Society Department of Energy (Petroleum Engineering Division) Ductile Iron Producers Association Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Federation of Ci
6、vil Engineering Contractors Health and Safety Executive Home Office Institute of Petroleum Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Gas Engineers Institution of Mechanical Engineers Institution of Water and Environmental Management (IWEM) Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Far
7、mers Union Pipeline Industries Guild Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Society of British Gas Industries Water Authorities Association Water Companies Association Water Research Centre Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank Universit
8、y, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.7:1989 BSI 03-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordiii Subsection 1. General 1Scope1 2Definitions1 3Application1 4Safety1 5Inspection2 Subsection 2. Materials 6Ge
9、neral4 7Pipes and fittings4 8Elastomeric joint rings4 9Bedding and backfill materials4 10Manholes4 11Materials not covered by a British Standard4 Subsection 3. Design considerations 12General6 13Routing6 14Hydraulic design6 15Structural design6 Subsection 4. Protection against corrosion 16Concrete m
10、ix8 17Protective layer8 Subsection 5. Transport, handling and storage 18General9 19Transport9 20Offloading9 21Stringing9 22Stacking9 Subsection 6. Construction 23General11 24Trenching11 25Pipe inspection and repairs11 26Pipe bedding11 27Laying12 28Backfilling13 29Trenchless construction13 Subsection
11、 7. Cleaning, testing, commissioning and records 30Cleaning14 31Testing14 32Commissioning15 33Records15 Appendix A Method of determining compaction fraction for bedding material16 Appendix B Bibliography16 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:02
12、 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.7:1989 ii BSI 03-1999 Page Figure 1 Terms used in pipe embedments5 Figure 2 A typical lifting beam suitable for precast concrete pipes10 Table 1 Potential hazards and preventive safety measures3 Table 2 Pipe stacking layers9 Publications referred
13、 toInside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.7:1989 BSI 03-1999iii Foreword This Section of BS 8010 has been prepared under the direction of the Civil Engineering and Building
14、Structures Standards Policy Committee. The standard is being published in four Parts to form a complete revision of all Parts of CP 2010 as follows: Part 1: Pipelines on land: general; Part 2: Pipelines on land: design, construction and installation; Part 3: Pipelines subsea: design, construction an
15、d installation; Part 4: Pipelines on land and subsea: operation and maintenance. The new Part 1 (which superseded CP 2010-1:1966) contains general information which is relevant to a variety of pipeline construction materials and a variety of transported materials. It deals with those aspects of pipe
16、line development that affect the owner and occupier of land through which the pipeline passes. Part 2 will be divided into several Sections which will be published as separate documents as follows: Section 2.1: Ductile iron; Section 2.2: Steel (for water, sewage and associated products)1); Section 2
17、.3: Asbestos cement; Section 2.4: Prestressed concrete pressure pipelines; Section 2.5: Glass reinforced thermosetting plastics1); Section 2.6: Thermoplastics1); Section 2.7: Precast concrete; Section 2.8: Steel (for oil, gas and associated products)1). Each Section will contain information on the d
18、esign, construction and installation of a pipeline in the particular material. These Sections will supersede the existing Parts 2, 3, 4 and 5 of CP 2010. Part 3 will contain information relevant to the design, installation and commissioning of subsea pipelines in steel and other materials. Part 4 wi
19、ll contain advice on the operation and maintenance of pipelines and will probably be in Sections related to conveyed material. This Section of BS 8010 gives design considerations and construction and installation recommendations for pipelines constructed using precast concrete pipes and fittings, fo
20、r the conveyance of fluids, normally under atmospheric pressure. Pipelines of precast concrete were not included in CP 2010. Appendix A gives a method determining the compaction fraction for bedding materials. Appendix B is a bibliography. It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard
21、 that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people. 1) In preparation. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.7:1989 iv BSI 03-1999 Attention
22、 is drawn to the following principal statutory legislation in the UK. This list is not intended to be complete and the relevant authorities should be consulted and reference made to BS 8010-1. These Acts are supplemented by Statutory Instruments. Acquisition of Land Act 1981 Control of Pollution Act
23、 1974 Countryside Act 1968 Countryside (Scotland) Acts 1967 and 1981 Gas Acts 1965 and 1972 Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 Land Powers (Defence) Act 1958 Pipelines Act 1962 Public Health Acts 1936 and 1961 Public Utilities Street Works Act 1950 Requisitioned Land and War Works Act 1948 Sewe
24、rage Scotland Act 1968 Water Acts 1945, 1948, 1973, 1975, 1981 and 1983 Water (Scotland) Acts 1946, 1949, 1967 and 1980 A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with
25、 a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amen
26、dments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.7:1989 BSI 03-19991 Subsection 1. General 1 Scope This Sec
27、tion of BS 8010 gives design considerations and construction and installation recommendations for precast concrete pipelines using pipes complying with BS 5911-100 for the conveyance of fluids, normally under atmospheric pressure. This British Standard code of practice is not intended to replace or
28、duplicate hydraulic, mechanical or structural design manuals. NOTE 1The numbers in square brackets in the text of this Section refer to the numbered references in Appendix B NOTE 2The titles of publications referred to in this Standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purpo
29、ses of this Section of BS 8010 the following definitions apply. 2.1 pipeline a line of pipes of any length without frequent branches. It does not include piping systems such as process plant piping within refineries, factories or treatment plant 2.2 precast concrete pipe flexibly jointed pipe of pre
30、cast concrete, either reinforced or unreinforced (but not prestressed), complying with BS 5911-100 2.3 backfill fill placed above bedding, over and around a buried pipeline 2.4 bedding material material used to support a buried pipeline, introduced under and around the pipes so as to produce, in com
31、bination with the pipes themselves, a pipeline able to resist the external loads 2.5 flexible joint a connection between individual pipes and/or fittings that permits both angular deflection and axial movement without impairing the efficiency of the joint 2.6 nominal size (DN) a numerical designatio
32、n of the size of a unit, which is a convenient round number approximately equal to a manufacturing dimension NOTEFor the purposes of this Section this number approximates to the internal diameter of the unit measured in millimetres. 2.7 unit a precast concrete pipe, bend, junction or manhole compone
33、nt 3 Application The pipelines covered by this Section of BS 8010 are suitable for conveying under gravity water, sewage, slurries and some trade wastes. The pipelines may be suitable for low pressure operation, not exceeding 1 bar2), provided that the pipe manufacturers recommendations are followed
34、. When used for the conveyance of sewage, reference should be made to BS 8005. The actual service and environmental conditions should be considered in determining whether precast concrete is suitable. Service conditions include operating pressure, maximum and minimum operating temperatures, the exte
35、nt of chemical and physical reaction between either the material carried or the surrounding ground and the pipe and joint material and any toxicity of the material carried. Environmental factors relate to the route of the pipeline and include the amount of open country or built-up areas along the ro
36、ute, the presence of areas liable to subsidence, and the existence of exposed aquifers. 4 Safety 4.1 Prevention of injury to personnel Part 1 of BS 8010 should be consulted for outline recommendations for public safety under conditions normally encountered during installation of a buried pipeline. B
37、ecause site operatives are particularly at risk in the lifting and handling of heavy pipes and through all stages of excavation and trench support (see 5.4) constant vigilance by the site supervisor and the safety officer is essential and is a legal requirement under the Health and Safety at Work et
38、c. Act 1974. 4.2 Prevention of damage to the pipeline During construction damage is possible from a variety of potential hazards. The major hazards and suggested means of prevention are shown in Table 1. 2) 1 mbar = 100 N/m2 100 Pa. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank Univ
39、ersity, Fri Dec 08 01:56:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.7:1989 2 BSI 03-1999 5 Inspection 5.1 General The performance of a pipeline is dependent on standards of workmanship and inspection at all stages. Inspection of the pipeline and its components should include at least th
40、e inspections in 5.2 to 5.8. 5.2 Manufacture Inspection of units should be to the relevant Part of BS 5911. NOTEIndependent certification provides additional safeguards. 5.3 Delivery Units should be inspected on arrival at site for compliance with the contract specification and for damage, especiall
41、y of joint profiles. Any damaged unit should be assessed for possible repair. If rejected the unit should be removed from site. Other material should be similarly inspected on arrival and, if rejected, removed from site. 5.4 Trenching 5.4.1 Trench width. Where design is based on “narrow trench condi
42、tions”, the trench width should be inspected for compliance with the contract specification and site drawings. 5.4.2 Trench support. The excavation and trench support system should be inspected for compliance with the approved design and specification 10. There should be detailed inspection of excav
43、ation and trench support systems at least daily. Where removal or replacement of support is required during construction, inspection should ensure that the correct sequence of operations is followed. 5.5 Pipe bedding Bedding materials should be checked for compliance with the specification and, when
44、 placed, for compliance with the drawings. 5.6 Laying and jointing Units and joint rings should be inspected and checked for compatibility immediately before laying. The pipeline should be laid within the specified tolerances for line and level. Joints should be tested and/or inspected before being
45、covered and backfilled. 5.7 Anchoring Any anchoring should be installed and checked for compliance with the drawings before the pipeline is tested. 5.8 Pre-commissioning inspection After testing in accordance with clause 31, the completed pipeline should be inspected by a competent person before com
46、missioning. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:56:02 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8010-2.7:1989 BSI 03-19993 Table 1 Potential hazards and preventive safety measures Potential hazardsPreventive safety measures 1. Soil erosion in
47、or beside the trencha) Keep construction traffic clear of trench. b) Check on trench support system. c) Use bedding and backfill material compatible with soil in trench sides. 2. Trench collapsea) Design the trench support system. b) Supervise erection of trench support system and subsequent daily i
48、nspection. c) Control ground water. d) Route site traffic. 3. Movement of pipelinea) Specify and use correct bedding and backfill material. b) Check correct placing of bedding and backfill. c) Observe specified procedure for withdrawal of trench support system. d) Anchor pipeline on steep gradients.
49、 4. Excessive external load on the pipeline a) Select correct class of pipe to resist loading from: 1) surcharge due to spoil heaps; 2) construction traffic; 3) final traffic and earth loads. b) Avoid excessive loading from soil and site traffic. c) Keep to design criteria, e.g. trench width, bedding construction or slab spanning the trench. 5. Handling and storagea) Use lifting appliances and tackle of adequate capacity with up-to-date test records and certificates. See clause 20. b) Check the correct positioning of slings befo
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