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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 8202-1: 1995 Coatings for fire protection of building elements Part 1: Code of practice for the selection and installation of sprayed mineral coatings Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy,
2、 (c) BSI BS 8202-1:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of Technical Committee B/209, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 June 1995 BSI 03-1999 First published August 1987 Second edition June 1995 The following BSI refe
3、rences relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/209 Draft for comment 93/100207 DC ISBN 0 580 23289 1 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/209, General building codes, to Subcommittee B/209/
4、4, Coatings and claddings for insulation of buildings, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Metropolitan Authorities Association of Specialist Fire Protection Contractors and Manufacturers British Steel Industry Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishme
5、nt) Department of the Environment for Northern Ireland Institution of Structural Engineers Marine Safety Agency Warrington Fire Research Centre Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:00 GMT+
6、00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8202-1:1995 BSI 03-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2References1 3Definitions1 4Independent validation1 5General2 6Substrate preparation2 7Methods of mechanical retention4 8Structural fire protection6 9Fungal gr
7、owth11 10Workmanship11 Annex A (normative) Determination of density19 Figure 1 Mechanical retention7 Figure 2 Encapsulation and re-entrant profiles13 Figure 3 Cases where there is no re-entrant profile or encapsulation14 Figure 4 Principle of application of sprays17 Figure 5 Typical needle gauge for
8、 direct measurement of coating thickness18 Figure 6 Measurement of coating thickness to the face of metal lath18 Table 1 Types of mechanical retention5 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:00 GMT+00:00 2006, U
9、ncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8202-1:1995 ii BSI 03-1999 Foreword This Part of BS 8202 has been prepared under the direction of Technical Committee B/209, General building codes. It supersedes BS 8202-1:1987 which is withdrawn. This Part of BS 8202 covers all types of sprayed mineral coatings, with t
10、he exception of sprayed asbestos. The eventual aim is to recommend the standard for adoption by ISO as an international standard. This edition introduces technical changes but it does not reflect a full review or revision of the standard, which will be undertaken in due course. This edition brings t
11、his standard into line with current approval procedures and clarifies application techniques. This Part of BS 8202 gives recommendations for the selection and installation of sprayed mineral coatings to enhance fire resistance of building elements. However, the same coatings are used for thermal ins
12、ulation of buildings, pipework and equipment, for noise level reduction and condensation control in buildings and for lining refractories. BS 8216 gives recommendations for the uses of sprayed lightweight mineral coatings for thermal and acoustical purposes. There are various methods of assessment o
13、f fire resistance which may be based in systematic testing or theoretical considerations. For further guidance, see Fire Protection for Structural Steel in Buildings 1. Throughout this edition the method for determining the fire resistance of a structure is referred to as conforming to BS 476-21 whi
14、ch superseded BS 476-8:1992. It should be noted, however, that BS 476-8 is still available and is referred to in regulations. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Complianc
15、e with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 20, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have h
16、ad amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8202-1:1995 BSI 03-19991 1 Scope This Part of BS 8202 give
17、s recommendations for the selection and installation of sprayed mineral coatings to enhance fire resistance of building elements. It describes methods of application to various types of surface in varying densities and finishes. This standard is intended for the guidance of specifiers, application s
18、pecialists and site inspectors. Annex A describes a method for determining the dry density of the spray application. NOTEMaximum approved thicknesses should not be exceeded. 2 References 2.1 Normative references This Part of BS 8202 incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
19、publications. These normative references are made at the appropriate places in the text and the cited publications are listed on the inside back cover. For dated references, only the edition cited applies: any subsequent amendments to or revisions of the cited publication apply to this Part of BS 82
20、02 only when incorporated in the reference by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the cited publication applies, together with any amendments. 2.2 Informative references This Part of BS 8202 refers to other publications that provide information or guidance. Editions
21、of these publications current at the time of issue of this standard are listed on the inside back cover, but reference should be made to the latest editions. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Part of BS 8202, the following definitions apply. 3.1 spray sprayed mineral coating 3.2 adhesive retent
22、ion use of an additional material to improve the bond of the spray to a substrate 3.3 mechanical retention use of mechanical system(s) to retain the spray in situ NOTESee clause 7. 4 Independent validation 4.1 The appropriate independent validation should be provided as evidence that the recommendat
23、ions of this standard have been followed. For many applications, particularly those relating to building control, it will be necessary for the specifier, manufacturer and/or applicator to produce test reports (or assessments) from an approved testing laboratory (or consultancy) to show that the requ
24、ired performance criteria can be achieved. Any changes in the spray system, i.e. primer, spray and surface finish, or its method of application may affect its performance. Ideally, performance tests previously carried out should be repeated to ensure that the level of performance is not affected. Ho
25、wever, in practice this is not always possible because of the cost of some types of test, particularly fire resistance tests conforming to BS 476-21 and because of the range of variables which may occur, e.g. raw materials may be obtained from several sources or a spray may be required to be used wi
26、th a large number of different primers. Thus changes in the chemical or physical nature of the components of the spray or their relative proportions should be the subject of a full re-test in accordance with the appropriate performance standard whilst detail changes in the spray system may be valida
27、ted without repeating the appropriate performance test, using analytical laboratory tests and/or reduced scale performance tests. It is important that any reduced scale tests can be shown to correlate with the appropriate performance standard. In many cases the spray manufacturer/supplier would be t
28、he only source of this information. The justification for any assessment of changes in the spray system should be available for inspection as appropriate. Assessments of the performance of spray systems are often required where it is not practical to test the full range of the substrate shapes and/o
29、r sizes with which the system may be used, e.g. structural steelwork. In such cases assessments by an appropriate authority, based on relevant test information relating to the specific spray under consideration, may be accepted in addition to fire performance tests. 4.2 Where materials and methods a
30、re used that are not referred to by this standard, their use is not discouraged, provided that: a) they are proven by test; and b) they are such as to ensure a level of performance at least equal to that recommended in this standard. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank Uni
31、versity, Fri Dec 08 01:13:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8202-1:1995 2 BSI 03-1999 5 General 5.1 Composition 5.1.1 General Spray comprises the principal ingredients given in 5.1.2, 5.1.3 and 5.1.4. 5.1.2 Base The base is as given in either a) or b): a) various man-made mineral wool
32、s, having a length to breadth ratio of at least 3 to 1; NOTEMan-made mineral wools consist of fibres of inorganic composition, generally manufactured by a smelting process, usually from blast furnace slag or rock. b) exfoliated vermiculite. NOTEVermiculite is the name given to a group of hydrated la
33、minar minerals resembling mica in appearance and composed of hydrated aluminium iron magnesium silicates. When vermiculite is subjected to intense heat, it expands to many times its original volume. This phenomenon is known as exfoliation. 5.1.3 Binding agent Typical examples of binding agents are h
34、ydraulic binders, such as Portland cement conforming to BS 12, high alumina cement conforming to BS 915-2 or gypsum plaster conforming to BS 1191-1. 5.1.4 Fillers Typical fillers are hydrated lime, limestone or other aggregate. 5.2 Choice of product Sprays are versatile materials which will cover ar
35、eas of irregular size and shape including complex angles and profiles. However, each product should be chosen carefully so as to meet the particular requirements for a given end use. For example, in an external environment or in damp conditions some products may be unsuitable or may require addition
36、al weather protection. The variety of products and application methods available enable a wide range of surface finishes to be obtained, ranging from flat surfaces to highly textured surfaces. 5.3 Decorative and protective surface finishes Where decorative or protective surface finishes are required
37、 either initially or subsequently (owing to change of occupancy or use of buildings), it is essential to ensure that the applied finish is compatible with the spray and does not impair its performance. Attention is drawn to the risk of detachment of the spray brought about by excessive weight of the
38、 applied finish. This will depend on a number of factors, e.g. orientation of the substrate, type of coating and type of finish, and is particularly important where dense finishes are being applied to low density coatings. Any surfacing material should satisfy the appropriate requirements of any app
39、roving authority. NOTESuch requirements may include the following: a) non-combustibility, when tested as described in BS 476-4; b) fire propagation, when tested as described in BS 476-6; c) surface spread of flame, when tested as described in BS 476-7; d) heat emission, when tested as described in B
40、S 476-11. In all applications the properties of the surfacing finish have to accommodate any dimensional movement of the spray. 5.4 Health and safety considerations This Part of BS 8202 covers a wide range of different types of material. The need for site controls will vary according to the type of
41、material being used. The application of some types of spray may generate levels of dust and particulate matter sufficient to cause irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tracts. For guidance on personal exposure and exposure limits reference should be made to the guidance notes published by th
42、e Health and Safety Executive and to manufacturers health and safety data. 6 Substrate preparation 6.1 General The purpose of substrate preparation is to ensure that: a) an adequate bond or retention of the spray is obtained to enable it to perform its required function; and b) the spray is compatib
43、le with the materials to which it is applied. The surface condition of any substrate is important when considering bonding of any coating to it, i.e. the surface should be free from oil, grease, dirt, dust, scale, loose paint, mould release agents or other materials or conditions likely to impair ad
44、hesion. When deciding on substrate preparation, which in cases of inadequate bond may involve mechanical retention (see clause 7), it is essential to consider the following: 1) nature of surface, including any finishes applied prior to application of the spray; 2) geometric shape of the substrate; 3
45、) vibration; 4) thermal movement; 5) properties of the spray; 6) evidence of adequate bond between the spray and the substrate; Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:13:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8202-1:1995 BSI 03-19993 7) any
46、 possible effects of high temperatures on the bonding or retention of the mix to the substrate. It is not possible to give recommendations for all types of spray and all surface conditions in this standard. Recommendations for common substrates are given in 6.2. 6.2 Common substrates 6.2.1 Painted s
47、urfaces All old, loose and flaking paint finishes should be removed prior to the application of the spray, unless mechanical retention is being used (see clause 7). Newly applied compatible primers should not adversely affect the performance of the coating but other paint finishes may require mechan
48、ical retention, unless there is fire resistance data showing that the presence of the paint will not affect the performance of the coating. Where mechanical retention is used, it is still necessary to use an alkali-resistant sealer coat (see 6.3) where the paint is not chemically compatible with the
49、 spray. NOTEPortland cement when wet has an initial pH value of 12 to 12.5 and cement-bound and lime-enriched gypsum mixes may, therefore, attack alkali-sensitive paints, e.g. paints containing alkyd binders. Paints containing water-sensitive binders may also be attacked by sprays. 6.2.2 Concrete and masonry It may be necessary to reduce the suction of masonry depending upon type by applying a light water spray or a suitable sealer (see 6.3). Normal sound clean concrete surfaces require no particular treatment but very smooth surfaces, as for example concrete cas
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