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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 8216:1991 Code of practice for Use of sprayed lightweight mineral coatings used for thermal insulation and sound absorption in buildings Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:40:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 82
2、16:1991 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Elements and Components (of diverse materials) for Buildings Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 31 July 1991 BSI 10-1999 The following BSI referen
3、ces relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ECB/24 Draft for comment 88/11444 DC ISBN 0 580 19657 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Elements and Components (of diverse materials) for Buildings Standards P
4、olicy Committee (ECB/-) to Technical Committee ECB/24, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Metropolitan Authorities Association of Structural Fire Protection Contractors and Manufacturers British Steel Industry Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishme
5、nt) Department of the Environment for Northern Ireland Department of Transport (Marine Directorate) Fibre Cement Manufacturers Association Limited Institution of Structural Engineers Loss Prevention Council Steel Construction Institute Warrington Fire Research Centre Amendments issued since publicat
6、ion Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:40:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8216:1991 BSI 10-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Definition1 3Validation1 4General1 5
7、Substrate preparation2 6Methods of mechanical retention3 7Thermal insulation3 8Sound absorption7 9Fungal growth7 10Installation7 Appendix A Density test11 Appendix B Thermal performance of spray applied to a concrete slab11 Figure 1 Mechanical retention5 Figure 2 Typical equipment for application of
8、 sprays8 Figure 3 Typical needle gauge for direct measurement of coating thickness10 Figure 4 Measurement of coating thickness to the face of laths10 Figure 5 Examples of thermal performance of spray applied to a concrete slab12 Table 1 Types of mechanical retention4 Table 2 Typical absorption chara
9、cteristics7 Publication(s) referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:40:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8216:1991 ii BSI 10-1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the El
10、ements and Components (of diverse materials) for Buildings Standards Policy Committee. This standard deals with the use of sprayed lightweight mineral coatings for improvement of thermal insulation and sound absorption characteristics of buildings. It is intended for the guidance of specifiers, appl
11、icators and site inspectors. If the same coatings are used for condensation control, specialist advice should be sought. Coatings for fire protection are not covered and reference should be made to BS 8202-1. Spray applied (projection) plasters are outside the scope of this standard. Guidance on the
12、 use of these materials is given in BS 5492. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligatio
13、ns. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the
14、inside front cover. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:40:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8216:1991 BSI 10-19991 1 Scope This British Standard gives recommendations for the use of sprayed lightweight mineral coatings to improve t
15、he thermal insulation and sound absorption characteristics of buildings or building elements. The standard does not cover fire protection or sprayed (projection) plasters. For advice on these subjects reference should be made to BS 8202-1 and BS 5492 respectively. NOTEThe titles of the publications
16、referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definition For the purposes of this standard, the following definition applies. spray sprayed lightweight mineral coating 3 Validation Any data submitted for thermal and acoustic performance should be supported by appropriate indepe
17、ndent validation. 4 General 4.1 Composition Spray should comprise the following principal ingredients: a) Base 1) Various mineral fibres, having a length to breadth ratio of at least 3 to 1; or 2) Exfoliated vermiculite, complying with BS 3797; or 3) Expanded perlite, complying with BS 3797. b) Bind
18、ing agent, of which one or more binders can be used. These may include a hydraulic binder, e.g. Portland cement, high alumina cement or gypsum plaster, or an inorganic liquid binder, e.g. silicate solution. Portland cement should comply with BS 12. High alumina cement should comply with BS 915-2. Gy
19、psum plaster should comply with BS 1191-1. c) Fillers. Typically hydrated lime, limestone or other aggregate. 4.2 Choice of product Sprays are versatile materials which will cover areas of irregular size and shape including complex angles and profiles. However, each product should be chosen carefull
20、y to meet the particular requirements for the given end use. The following factors should be taken into account: a) appearance; b) compatibility with substrate; c) ease of installation; d) density; e) abrasion resistance; f) impact resistance; g) sound absorption; h) strength; i) suitability for use
21、 in plenums; j) suitability for environment; NOTEFor example, in an external environment in areas of high humidity, in damp conditions or in chemically aggressive environments some products may be unsuitable or may require additional protection. Professional advice should be sought. k) combustibilit
22、y; l) surface spread of flame; m) thermal conductivity; n) other uses, e.g. fire protection (see BS 8202-1). The variety of products and application methods available enable a wide range of surface finishes to be obtained, ranging from flat surfaces to highly textured surfaces. 4.3 Decorative and pr
23、otective surface finishes Where decorative or protective surface finishes are required, care should be taken to ensure that the applied finish will be compatible with the spray and will not impair its performance. The elasticity of the surfacing material should be sufficient to accommodate any dimen
24、sional movement of the spray. 4.4 Health and safety considerations This standard covers a range of different types of material. The need for site controls will vary according to the type of material being used. The application of some types of spray may generate levels of dust and particulate matter
25、 sufficient to cause irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tracts. For guidance on personal exposure and exposure limits reference should be made to the relevant guidance notes published by the Health and Safety Executive1). 1) A list of HSE publications is obtainable from: HSE, Information C
26、entre, Baynards House, 1-13 Chepstow Place, Westbourne Grove, London W2 4TF. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:40:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8216:1991 2 BSI 10-1999 5 Substrate preparation 5.1 General The substrate preparat
27、ion should ensure that: a) an adequate bond or retention of the spray is obtained to enable it to perform its required function; b) that the spray is compatible with the materials to which it is applied. The initial surface condition of any substrate is important when considering bonding of any coat
28、ing to it. The surface should be free from oil, grease, dirt, dust, scale, loose paint, mould release agents or other materials or conditions likely to impair adhesion. When deciding on substrate preparation, which in some cases may involve mechanical retention (see clause 6), it is essential to con
29、sider the following: 1) nature of the surface, including any finishes applied prior to application of the spray; 2) geometric shape of the substrate; 3) vibration; 4) thermal movement; 5) deflection; 6) properties of the spray; 7) bond between the spray and the substrate; 8) environmental conditions
30、. It is not possible to give recommendations for all types of spray and all surface conditions in this standard. Recommendations for common substrates are given in 5.2. 5.2 Common substrates 5.2.1 Painted surfaces The paint should be well bonded to the surface beneath it and should not be chalking o
31、r otherwise deteriorating in such a way as to affect the bond of the spray. Certain paints, e.g. gloss paints and powder epoxy paints, can cause problems of adhesion and consideration should be given to special treatment to ensure proper retention for the particular end use, e.g. removal or abrasion
32、 of the paint, pinning, or adhesives. It is essential to ensure that painted surfaces are chemically resistant to the spray. Paints that are chemically incompatible should be sealed with an alkali/water resistant sealer coat (see 5.3). NOTEPortland cement has an initial pH value of 12 to 12.5 and ce
33、ment-bound mixes may, therefore, attack alkali-sensitive paints, e.g. paints containing alkyd binders. Paints containing water sensitive binders may also be attacked by sprays. 5.2.2 Concrete and masonry Where necessary, the suction of masonry should be reduced by applying a light water spray or a s
34、uitable sealer (see 5.3). Normal sound clean concrete surfaces require no particular treatment but very smooth surfaces, as for example concrete cast against a hard impervious form face, may require the use of a bonding agent (see 5.3) or mechanical or other treatment, e.g. abrasive blasting, or mec
35、hanical retention to provide a suitable key (see clause 6). 5.2.3 Gypsum plaster and plasterboard Portland cement-bound sprays should not be applied directly to unsealed gypsum plaster surfaces or plasterboard, as the setting characteristics of the cement can be affected and bond loss may result. Fo
36、r suspended ceilings, screens and laths, see 5.2.7. 5.2.4 Metals If a primer is used it should be compatible with the spray to be applied. For guidance on protective measures, see BS 5493. Plastics coated metals should be chemically compatible with the spray. Most plastics coated metals have a smoot
37、h surface, which can cause adhesion problems in the same way as gloss paints (see 5.2.1). Thus special consideration is required. “White rusting” of zinc coated steel, which can result in corrosion of the base steel, may occur in continually damp conditions and where ventilation is poor. Under these
38、 conditions steel surfaces which have been zinc coated, e.g. galvanized, should be primed using a system compatible with both the coated steel and the cement based spray. Specialist advice should be sought. On large flat steel surfaces a bonding agent (see 5.3) or mechanical retention (see clause 6)
39、 should be used. Aluminium should be sealed (see 5.3) before applying alkaline materials. Particular consideration should be given to vibration, thermal movement and design loading. Mechanical retention of the coating should be considered (see clause 6). 5.2.5 Glass and plastics materials (including
40、 glass reinforced and foam materials) Specialist advice should be sought. Many plastics materials are flexible, smooth surfaced and temperature sensitive. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:40:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8216
41、:1991 BSI 10-19993 5.2.6 Timber and wood-based materials Timber and wood-based materials are subject to high drying shrinkage and moisture movement. A water resistant sealer should be used before applying the spray (see 5.3) and mechanical retention should be included. 5.2.7 Suspended ceilings, scre
42、ens and laths For suspended ceilings, screens and laths, particular consideration should be given to vibration, thermal movement and deflection. Enough support should be provided to give a rigid substrate for the spray, and mechanical retention should be used (see clause 6). 5.2.8 Gaps Sprays are su
43、itable for bridging static gaps up to 15 mm wide. Wider gaps should be bridged using an appropriate supporting material, e.g. expanded metal, before applying the spray. 5.2.9 Movement joints Minor movement of the substructure or the roof covering may be accepted without making special provisions, as
44、 the spray has sufficient inherent elasticity to meet this condition. Where excessive structural movement is anticipated, a movement joint should be provided in the spray, with mechanical retention on either side of the joint. 5.3 Sealers and bonding agents Sealers may be needed to prime particular
45、substrates, for example those which are alkali sensitive or where resistance to water or high humidity is required. Special care should be taken to ensure that any such sealers or bonding agents are compatible with the spray and the substrate. 6 Methods of mechanical retention 6.1 General Considerat
46、ion should be given to the need for mechanical retention of the spray to the substrate. The type of spray and extent to which it will be used will depend on a number of factors, e.g. proposed use, substrate details, environmental factors and properties of sprayed material. Details of the different t
47、echniques available for providing mechanical retention are given in 6.2. If necessary, specialist advice should be sought. 6.2 Types of mechanical retention A wide range of mechanical retention systems and components are available (see Table 1). The most common of these are described in BS 8202-1, b
48、ut other systems or components can be used (see Figure 1). In certain circumstances a combination of systems may be necessary. The properties of the materials from which the various components are made, e.g. strength, rigidity, resilience, weather resistance, chemical compatibility and resistance to
49、 corrosion, should be taken into account when deciding on the most appropriate system. Components should be of steel, aluminium or plastics. Plastics components and organic adhesives should only be specified for applications used at ambient temperature (0 C to 40 C). Galvanic (bi-metallic) corrosion arising from the use of dissimilar metals is not significant in most cases. However, as aluminium is subject to attack by alkaline materials, it should not be used with Portland cement bound sprays unless suitably protected. For further guidance see BS 5493:1977, Append
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