BS-8444-3-1996 IEC-60300-3-9-1995.pdf
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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 8444-3: 1996 IEC 300-3-9: 1995 Risk management Part 3: Guide to risk analysis of technological systems ICS 03.120.10; 29.020 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 00:47:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8444-3:1996 Th
2、is British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Management Systems Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1996 BSI 12-1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference DS/
3、1 Draft for comment 93/408655 DC ISBN 0 580 26110 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee DS/1, Reliability and maintainability upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Enginee
4、rs Association of Project Managers British Gas plc British Railways Board British Telecommunications plc Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers City University Civil Aviation Authority Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Consumers Association Cornfield University Defence Manufacturers Ass
5、ociation Electricity Association Federation of the Electronics Industry GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) Institute of Logistics Institute of Quality Assurance Institute of Risk management Institute of Value Management Institution of Electrical Engineers Institution of Mechanical Engineers Institution of Plant E
6、ngineers London underground Ltd. Loughborough University of Technology Mercury Communication Limited Ministry of Defence National Computing Centre Ltd. Railtrack Railway Industry Association Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Royal Statistical Society Safety and Reliability Society Society of
7、Environmental Engineers Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited University of Bradford West Midlands Enterprise Board Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 00:47:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Unc
8、ontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8444-3:1996 BSI 12-1998i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Introduction1 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Definitions2 4Risk analysis concepts2 5Risk analysis process4 6Audits7 7Risk analysis methods7 Annex A (informative) Methods of
9、 analysis15 Figure 1 A simplified relationship between risk analysis and other risk management activities11 Figure 2 The risk analysis process12 Figure 3 Typical considerations in selecting type of analysis and depth of study13 Figure 4 A risk matrix14 Figure A.1 Fault tree example17 Figure A.2 Faul
10、t tree symbols18 Figure A.3 Example of an event tree for a dust explosion19 Table 1 Methods used in risk analysis10 Table A.1 HAZOP II guide words15 Table A.2 Sample HAZOP II worksheet for guideword “not, no”16 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London S
11、outh Bank University, Fri Dec 08 00:47:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8444-3:1996 ii BSI 12-1998 National foreword This Part of BS 8444 has been prepared by Technical Committee DS/1. It is identical with IEC 300-3-9:1995 Dependability management Part 3: Application guide Section 9:
12、 Risk analysis of technological systems published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). This Part provides guidelines for selecting and implementing risk analysis techniques presented as risk analysis concepts, risk analysis process and risk analysis methods. It provides an input t
13、o risk management activities. A related British Standard to IEC 812:1985 is BS 5760 Reliability of systems, equipment and components Part 5:1991 Guide to failure modes, effects and criticality analysis (FMEA and FMECA). Additional information This standard is a guide and the use of the verbal forms
14、“must” and “shall” in the text does not indicate mandatory requirements. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer i
15、mmunity from legal obligations. Cross-references Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard IEC 50(191):1990BS 4778 Quality vocabulary Part 3 Availability, reliability and maintainability terms Section 3.2:1991 Glossary of international terms (Identical) BS 5760 Reliability of systems, e
16、quipment and components IEC 300-2:1996Part 1:1996 Dependability programme elements and tasks (Identical) IEC 1025:1990Part 7:1991 Guide to fault tree analysis (Identical) IEC 1078:1991BS EN 61078:1994 Reliability of systems, equipment and components. Guide to the block diagram technique (Identical)
17、Summery of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 20, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the insi
18、de front cover. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 00:47:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8444-3:1996 BSI 12-19981 Introduction The process of risk management incorporates many different elements from the initial identification and a
19、nalysis of risk, to the evaluation of its tolerability and identification of potential risk reduction options, through to the selection, implementation and monitoring of appropriate control and reduction measures. This is illustrated in Figure 1. Risk analysis, which is the subject of this section o
20、f IEC 300-3, is a structured process that identifies both the likelihood and extent of adverse consequences arising from a given activity, facility or system. Within the context of this standard, the adverse consequences of concern are physical harm to people, property or the environment. Risk analy
21、sis attempts to answer three fundamental questions: What can go wrong (by hazard identification)? How likely is this to happen (by frequency analysis)? What are the consequences (by consequence analysis)? This standard is intended to reflect current good practices in selection and utilisation of the
22、 risk analysis techniques and does not refer to new or evolving concepts which have not reached a satisfactory level of professional consensus. This standard is general in nature, so that it may give guidance across many industries and types of systems. There may be more specific standards in existe
23、nce within these industries that establish preferred methodologies and levels of analysis for particular applications. If these standards are in harmony with this publication, the specific standards will generally be sufficient. This standard only covers the risk analysis portion of the broader risk
24、 assessment and risk management activities. The latter may become the subject of future standards. To the extent possible, this standard has built on the concepts and terminology given in the documents listed in clause 2 and other standards. There are numerous instances where these documents are not
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