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1、BRITISH STANDARD AUTOMOBILE SERIES BS AU 162a:1976 (Superseding BS AU 162:1976) Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Specification for Headlamp optical aiming devices UDC 629.113.066:628.9453 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 01:52:23 GMT+00:00 2006, Unco
2、ntrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 162a:1976 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Automobile Industry Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Executive Board on 30 July 1976 BSI 02-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard
3、: Committee reference AUE/1 Draft for comment 75/71550 DC and draft for approval 75/76149 ISBN 0 580 09086 8 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the authority of the Automobile Industry Standards Committee of BSI. Motor vehicle headlamps are optically precise devices for producing
4、 light in directions specific to each type of unit. When mounted on the vehicle, these directions must relate correctly to the surface supporting the vehicle and the vertical median plane of the vehicle. Vehicle headlamps are designed to produce either a long-range main beam for open road driving or
5、 a short-range dipped beam. Aimed too high, the dipped beams will give increased range but will also dazzle. On the other hand, aimed too low the beams will not dazzle but will give inadequate range. Both conditions are equally dangerous and the correct result can only be achieved by correct alignme
6、nt of the beam. Therefore, headlamps must be correctly mounted and orientated on the vehicle and maintained so that the beams are directed as specified. Certification. Attention is drawn to the certification facilities described on the inside back cover of this standard. A British Standard does not
7、purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside fro
8、nt cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of is
9、sueComments 2247March 1977Indicated by a sideline in the margin Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 01:52:23 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 162a:1976 BSI 02-2000i Contents Page ForewordInside front cover 1Scope1 2References1 3Defini
10、tions1 4Mechanical design1 5Optical design1 6Optical tests2 7Practical tests for type approval of the device2 8Marking3 Figure 1 Minimum markings for screen4 Figure 2 Vehicle position with respect to aiming screen4 Figure 3 Details of grids5 Figure 4 Site plan6 Figure 5 Test rig7 Licensed Copy: Lond
11、on South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 01:52:23 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii blank Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 01:52:23 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 162a:1976 BSI 02-20001 1 Sco
12、pe This British Standard specifies minimum performance and test requirements for headlamp optical aiming devices intended to facilitate quick, accurate aiming and checking of headlamps installed on road vehicles, leading, through correct alignment of the lamp, to safer night driving conditions. The
13、standard is restricted to headlamp optical aiming devices that employ a collimating lens to collect a representative amount of the luminous flux emitted by a headlamp. Such devices are constructed to give an image of the angular distribution of luminous flux from a headlamp. 2 References The followi
14、ng standards publication is referred to in this standard. BS AU 156, Recommendations for aiming of headlamps and auxiliary lamps on motor vehicles. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply. 3.1 headlamp a lighting device mounted on a vehicle to provide
15、illumination on the road 3.2 vertical median plane a plane passing through the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle and perpendicular to the plane on which the vehicle is standing 3.3 optical axis the axis of the device, joining the intersection of the H and V lines (HV point) (see Figure 1) of t
16、he screen and the optical centre of the lens when the screen is not offset 3.4 hot-spot the zone of highest intensity of a beam as it appears to an observer viewing the beam thrown upon a screen or other aiming surface 3.5 four-headlamp system four headlamps mounted in pairs, one pair on each side o
17、f the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle. In each pair, one headlamp contains a filament providing the main beam and the other headlamp contains a filament providing the dipped beam and, in certain types, an additional main beam filament 4 Mechanical design 4.1 The device shall consist ba
18、sically of a frame and an optical assembly; it should be of robust construction. 4.2 The frame shall allow the optical assembly to be moved in front of each of the vehicle headlamps in succession. 4.3 The frame shall permit the height of the centre of the collimating lens to be adjusted, without alt
19、ering its alignment, over the range 0.30 m to 1.20 m above ground level. 4.4 The device shall possess means enabling its optical axis to be set parallel to the vertical median plane of the vehicle the headlamps of which are to be tested. The angular error in the horizontal plane shall be not more th
20、an 5 cm in 10 m (0.3). 4.5 The manufacturer shall specify the means to be adopted to set up and check the alignment of the optical axis of the device to the plane supporting the vehicle. Adjustment of not less than 3 for portable devices and 1.5 for rail mounted devices shall be provided between the
21、 optical axis and the supporting plane and alignment shall be possible to an accuracy of 0.1. 4.6 The device shall be capable of correctly aiming headlamps having a reflector aperture with a horizontal dimension of 235 mm and a vertical dimension of 150 mm. It shall be possible to inscribe a circle
22、of at least 165 mm diameter or a rectangle 190 mm horizontally and 120 mm vertically within the “light-accepting” area of the optical assembly. 5 Optical design 5.1 The optical assembly shall be equipped with one or more screens with minimum markings, as shown in Figure 1, which will indicate the ai
23、ming requirements for auxiliary driving lamps, headlamps to ECE regulations and for headlamps with the “Anglo-American” type of beam. One or more photocells shall be provided for aiming headlamps by means of the hot-spot. 5.2 Observation of the screen shall be possible whilst the operator is aiming
24、the headlamps. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 01:52:23 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 162a:1976 2 BSI 02-2000 5.3 The device shall comply with the requirements of this standard when the height of the centre of the collimating l
25、ens is either 30 mm above or 30 mm below the centre of the headlamp under test. 6 Optical tests 6.1 For the purposes of the optical tests, the following apparatus shall be available. 6.1.1 A projector with an objective of 150 mm 1 % focal length and with a means of setting the focus accurately to in
26、finity. 6.1.2 A transparency with a grid of squares with white coordinates on a black background spaced so that the projected spacing of each square at a distance of 10 m shall be 98.5 mm 1 %. In addition the position of the ECE 15 control line shall be indicated as shown in Figure 2. The projected
27、area of the grid shall cover a nominal area of 1 773 mm 591 mm at 10 m distance. 6.1.3 A transparency with a grid of squares with white coordinates on a black background spaced so that the projected spacing of each square at a distance of 10 m shall be 0.493 1 % (86.0 mm). The projected area of the
28、grid shall cover a nominal area of 10 4. 6.2 Set up the device under test in accordance with the manufacturers instructions; set any controls to a nominal zero. Place the projector so that the centre of the projecting lens and the intersection of the lines HH, VV of the aiming screen (see Figure 1)
29、are at the same height as the centre of the projected grid at a distance of 10 m. Focus the projector to infinity. Place the optical assembly of the device under test in front of the projector at the distance recommended by the manufacturer, so that the centre of the projected grid coincides with th
30、e HV point of the screen on the optical assembly (see Figure 2 and Figure 3). 6.3 An area corresponding to either 1 800 mm 600 mm at 10 m or 10 4, depending on which grid is employed, shall be enclosed on the screen of the optical assembly. Any lines or marks on the screen of the optical assembly un
31、der test shall align with the corresponding lines or marks on the projected grid within the following tolerances. If the length of the side of one square of the grid is denoted by d, then vertical errors of up to 0.2 d on the V axis and horizontal errors of up to 0.5 d on the H axis shall be permitt
32、ed. 6.4 The requirements of 6.3 shall also be complied with when the centre of the lens of the device under test is either 30 mm above or 30 mm below the centre of the projector lens. 6.5 In the central zone of 1 400 mm 400 mm (or 8 2) the error of curvature in the projected grid shall not produce a
33、 displacement of the lines greater than 0.33 d. In addition, at no point of the projected grid shall the distance between adjacent lines be less or greater than d 0.33 d. 6.6 Blurring of the horizontal grid lines in the central zone referred to in 6.5 shall be not greater than 0.2 d. Blurring is def
34、ined as the width of the projected line on the screen of the optical assembly less the theoretical width. For checking blurring, the distance between the objective of the projector and the lens of the device under test shall be such that the whole surface of the latter shall be illuminated. 6.7 The
35、device shall be such that in natural daylight (not direct sunlight) a displacement of the grid lines of 0.2 d shall be easily perceived. 7 Practical tests for type approval of the device 7.1 The practical tests shall consist of two parts: a) to check the correlation of the vehicle alignment mechanis
36、m and procedure of the device under test with its optical assembly; b) to show the accuracy of headlamp alignment achieved by the device under test when used with a selection of typical vehicles. 7.2 The test site shall comply with the requirements in 6.3 of BS AU 156:1971 as follows (see also Figur
37、e 2 and Figure 4 of this standard). “The plane formed by the contact points on which the vehicle and the aiming equipment stands should be substantially horizontal and should not deviate from the imaginary plane A (see Figure 3) by more than 0.2 ( 35 mm over 10 m aiming distance)”. 7.3 Test equipmen
38、t shall be provided as specified in 7.3.1, 7.3.2 and 7.3.3. See Figure 2 in this standard and Figure 3 in BS AU 156:1971. 7.3.1 An aiming screen conforming with 6.2 of BS AU 156:1971 as follows: “The vertical screen (see Figure 3) consists of a matt light coloured, flat screen, or wall not less than
39、 3 m wide positioned within 5 of a perpendicular to plane A, and located 10 m distant from the headlamps. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 01:52:23 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 162a:1976 BSI 02-20003 Vertical and horizontal lin
40、es, which may for convenience consist of adjustable tapes, are superimposed on the vertical screen. These lines, which are illustrated in Figure 31) are to be located as follows: V is the projection of a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, being equidistant be
41、tween the centres of the pair of headlamps being aimed. H is the projection of a horizontal plane passing through the centres of and at the same height on the screen as the pair of headlamps being aimed. L1 and R1 are the projections of vertical planes passing through the centres of the left-hand an
42、d the right-hand headlamps being aimed respectively. In the case of four-headlamp systems using different horizontal aiming points, two additional vertical lines, L2 and R2 are provided”. 7.3.2 A test rig as shown in Figure 5 to check the alignment mechanism and procedure of the device under test. 7
43、.3.3 A series of rails secured to the floor for use with rail-mounted devices. These rails shall be parallel to the aiming screen described in 7.3.1 and at a distance from that screen such that the vehicle under test (7.4) has its headlamps 10 m from the aiming screen. 7.4 A selection of three diffe
44、rent vehicle types shall be provided fitted with headlamps which conform to any of the relevant ECE regulations; at least one pair of headlamps should have a horizontal dimension not less than 20 cm. 7.5 Set up the test rig (Figure 5) on the test floor with the dummy headlamp face 10 m from the aimi
45、ng screen and with the front aligning members parallel to it. Set any angular controls on the device under test to nominal zero in both the horizontal and vertical planes, and mechanically align it to the test rig in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. For devices under test which requir
46、e suspending from above or for which the test rig does not provide suitable means of mechanical alignment, the manufacturer of the device shall provide the necessary rigs. The light beam of the test rig shall then be projected and its image shall appear on the viewing screen of the optical assembly
47、under test to within 0.2 (35 mm at 10 m) horizontally and 0.1 (17.5 mm at 10 m) vertically of the marked HV point. 7.6 Remove the test rig and replace it by one of the selected vehicles positioned with both of its front wheels just touching the aligning bar provided. This can be achieved by moving t
48、he rear of the vehicle sideways on a trolley jack if necessary. Position and use the device under test according to the manufacturers instructions to align the headlamps of the vehicle and check the resulting alignment with the aiming screen after removing the device under test. Make fifteen such he
49、adlamp alignments on the vehicle by a skilled observer; make five at each of the recommended maximum and minimum distances between the headlamp face and the lens of the device under test, and the remaining five at the recommended nominal distance. Not more than one alignment, when read on the aiming screen, shall deviate by more than 5 cm vertically and 8 cm horizontally. The vehicle headlamp settings shall be altered between each alignment. 7.7 Repeat the procedure of 7.6 for positions of the optical assembly of the de
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