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1、BRITISH STANDARD AUTOMOBILE SERIES BS AU 154a:1989 (Superseding BS AU 154:1970) Specification for Hydraulic trolley jacks UDC 629.119:621.866 82.001.4.004.15:620.1 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:05:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BS
2、I BS AU 154a:1989 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Mechanical Handling and Automobile Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 31 January 1989 BSI 02-2000 First published May 1970 First revision January
3、1989 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MHE/12 Draft for comment 87/76136 DC ISBN 0 580 17093 4 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Mechanical Handling Standards Committee (M
4、HE/-) to Technical Committee MHE/12, upon which the following bodies were represented: Associated Offices Technical Committee Association of Loading and Elevating Equipment Manufacturers British Ports Federation and the National Association of Ports Employers British Railways Board British Telecommu
5、nications plc Construction Plant-Hire Association Department of Health and Social Security Department of Trade and Industry (Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing Technology Division) (MMT) Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Federation of Wire Rope Manufacturers of Great Britain Gar
6、age Equipment Association Health and Safety Executive International Powered Access Federation London Regional Transport Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:05:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Unc
7、ontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 154a:1989 BSI 02-2000i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Definitions and nomenclature1 3General1 4Performance3 5Corrosion prevention and packaging3 6Marking3 7Documentation3 Appendix A Overload type test4 Appendix B Stability typ
8、e test4 Appendix C Proof test4 Appendix D Typical dimensions of types of hydraulic trolley jack (for information)4 Figure 1 Hydraulic trolley jack2 Figure 2 Hydraulic trolley jack positioned on inclined plane for stability type test4 Table 1 Typical dimensions of general purpose and long reach jacks
9、5 Table 2 Typical dimensions of light duty jacks5 Table 3 Typical dimensions of kerb jacks5 Table 4 Typical dimensions of high lift jacks5 Publications referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:05:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontro
10、lled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 154a:1989 ii BSI 02-2000 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Mechanical Handling and Automobile Standards Committee and it supersedes BS AU 154:1970, which is withdrawn. BS AU 154:1970, which was the first edition, sought to specify th
11、e requirements necessary to ensure that hydraulic trolley jacks are efficient and safe in use, without thereby inhibiting individual design. This was achieved by not specifying definite values but instead by allowing a range of values or, in most cases, by quoting a maximum or minimum value only. Th
12、e main features of the previous edition have been retained in this revision. However, in addition certain design requirements have been specified and light duty jacks, intended for domestic use, have been included. The test requirements have also been changed. Appendix A and Appendix B describe type
13、 tests for strength and stability, Appendix C describes a proof test to be applied to each jack and Appendix D gives tables of some typical dimensions of jacks. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for t
14、heir correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (
15、see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:05:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 154a:1989 BSI 02-2000
16、1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for five types of hydraulic trolley jack that have been designed for tilting and, in some instances, manoeuvring vehicles. The types and ranges of safe working loads (SWL) are as follows: a) general purpose: up to and including 20.4 tonnes (see
17、Table 1); b) long reach: up to and including 20.4 tonnes (see Table 1); c) light duty: up to and including 2.0 tonnes (see Table 2); d) kerb: up to and including 6.5 tonnes (see Table 3); e) high lift: up to and including 11.0 tonnes (see Table 4). NOTEThe titles of publications referred to in this
18、standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions and nomenclature For the purposes of this British Standard, the following definitions apply and the nomenclature shown in Figure 1 has been adopted. 2.1 general purpose jacks jacks intended for commercial operation, including manoeuvring ve
19、hicles 2.2 long reach jacks jacks similar to general purpose jacks with a minimum length of 1 800 mm 2.3 light duty jacks jacks intended for domestic (i.e. non-commercial) use. They are not intended for manoeuvring vehicles 2.4 kerb jacks jacks suitable for easy transportation by virtue of their sho
20、rt length and detachable handle, intended for commercial operation including roadside use. They are not intended for manoeuvring vehicles 2.5 high lift jacks jacks similar to general purpose jacks with a minimum raised height of the lifting head of 910 mm 2.6 safe working load the maximum mass that
21、the jack may raise or lower under particular service conditions 2.7 creep the tendency of the raised height of the jack to be reduced over a period of time when the lifting head is subject to a load 3 General 3.1 Operation The jack shall be designed to be used on a firm, level surface to lift one en
22、d, or one side, or one wheel of a vehicle, so that a stand or stands can be placed under that part of the vehicle. NOTEAn operator should not work under a vehicle that is supported only by the jack. 3.2 Strength and stability 3.2.1 The jack shall be designed with a minimum factor of safety of 2.5 ba
23、sed on the ultimate tensile strength of the component parts when supporting the SWL. 3.2.2 Each type of trolley jack shall be tested in accordance with Appendix A and shall show no permanent deformation or failure of any part and shall remain fully stable. 3.2.3 Each type of trolley jack shall be te
24、sted in accordance with Appendix B and shall not overturn during the test and shall show no permanent deformation or failure of any part. 3.2.4 Each trolley jack shall be tested in accordance with Appendix C and shall show no visible creep, no permanent deformation and no failure of any part. 3.3 Co
25、mponent parts Each jack shall comprise a hydraulic pump unit, reservoir and operating mechanism controlling a lifting beam and lifting head housed in a chassis having four or more wheels. 3.4 Wheels The wheels at the handle end shall be of the castor type, except in the case of light duty jacks wher
26、e either castors or rigid wheels are acceptable. These castor wheels where fitted shall swivel on antifriction bearings. When a jack is standing on a flat surface under no load conditions, with three wheels in contact with the surface, the fourth wheel of the jack shall be within 5 mm of the same su
27、rface. 3.5 Hydraulic fluid reservoir The hydraulic fluid reservoir shall have sufficient capacity to enable the jack to raise the lifting head to its raised height. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:05:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) B
28、SI BS AU 154a:1989 2 BSI 02-2000 3.6 Manufacture Where castings are used they shall comply with BS 3100 if of steel and BS 6681 if of cast iron. In no event shall peening or plugging be used on castings or forgings. 3.7 Finish All cast, forged, moulded or welded parts shall be free of sand, dirt, fi
29、ns, scale, flux and other harmful extraneous materials. All external surfaces shall be free from burrs, fins and sharp edges and shall be thoroughly clean at the time of dispatch. 3.8 Provisions for maintenance 3.8.1 All screws, pins, bolts and similar parts shall have means for preventing loss of t
30、ightness or for maintaining adjustment. 3.8.2 All bearings that require a regular service shall be provided with accessible means of lubrication. 3.9 Safety devices 3.9.1 Each jack shall incorporate a device to prevent lifting an overload and a device to prevent travel past its design stroke. 3.9.2
31、A release mechanism shall be provided that has a means of preventing inadvertent retraction when under load. NOTEPrevention of inadvertent retraction under load may be achieved by a mechanism requiring an abnormal effort for its operation, or a catch to lock the release mechanism, or by requiring a
32、secondary action before the release mechanism can be operated. Figure 1 Hydraulic trolley jack Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:05:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 154a:1989 BSI 02-20003 The release mechanism shall permit the
33、 operator to control precisely the rate of descent of the jack lifting head throughout the full range of movement. The release mechanism shall be so placed that it can be operated without exposing any part of the operators body to entrapment between the jack and the vehicle, and in any case entrapme
34、nt of the operators hands between the vehicle and the raised handle shall be prevented. 3.10 Climatic conditions The jack shall be designed to work in a temperature range from 20 C to + 50 C. 3.11 Dimensions The maximum closed height and the minimum raised height shall be measured to the highest par
35、t of the lifting head. NOTETypical dimensions for trolley jacks are given in Appendix D. 4 Performance 4.1 Operation Each jack shall be capable of smooth operation under its full capacity load (SWL) throughout its entire range of movement in both lifting and lowering operations by one operator using
36、 the controls provided. 4.2 Lifting head The lifting head shall remain horizontal throughout the travel of the lifting beam and be free to rotate through 360 about a vertical axis. After suitable cleaning, the jack shall be treated at least with a primer undercoat and finish coat or an alternative s
37、urface treatment that provides equivalent corrosion protection, except for those hydraulic components that need to be protected with suitable grease. NOTE 1Any additional corrosion prevention that is required by the purchaser should be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. 5 Corrosion p
38、revention and packaging Packaging shall be such as to prevent deterioration during storage. NOTE 2Attention is drawn to the relevant Sections of BS 1133. 6 Marking Each jack shall be legibly and indelibly marked with the following: a) the number and date of this British Standard, i.e. BS AU 154a:198
39、91); b) the name, trademark or other means of identification of the manufacturer; c) the capacity (SWL) in tonnes; d) an instruction that support stands always be used and that operating instructions be referred to; e) the serial number of the jack. 7 Documentation Full operating and maintenance ins
40、tructions, including safety precautions and a parts list, shall be supplied with each jack. Details of the recommended hydraulic fluid shall be included. 1) Marking BS AU 154a:1989 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturers declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim by or on behalf of th
41、e manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of the claim is therefore solely the responsibility of the person making the claim. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third party certification of conformity, which may also be desirable. Licensed Copy:
42、London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:05:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 154a:1989 4 BSI 02-2000 Appendix A Overload type test Position the jack on a level surface. Apply a load equivalent to 1.25 SWL to the lifting head and operate the jack th
43、roughout its entire range of movement. Appendix B Stability type test Position the jack on a plane inclined at 6 to the horizontal and with the longitudinal axis of the jack parallel to the ground and at 90 to the plane (see Figure 2). Apply a load equivalent to the SWL to the centre of the lifting
44、head when at its maximum height. Repeat the test with the jack turned through 180. Appendix C Proof test Test each jack as follows: a) raise the lifting beam to its full designed height, ensuring that sufficient hydraulic fluid is present in the reservoir at all times to prevent ingress of air to th
45、e hydraulic pressurizing system; b) measure and record the maximum raised height; c) lower the lifting beam to its position of maximum hydraulic pressure; d) adjust the overload device so that it is inoperative; e) apply a load to the lifting head equivalent to 1.25 SWL; f) allow to stand for 5 min
46、to permit expansion; g) make any necessary adjustments to ensure that the load is maintained at 1.25 SWL; h) observe the jack for any signs of creep for 5 min; i) unload the jack and examine for permanent deformation or failure of any part; j) reset the overload device so that it operates between th
47、e SWL and 1.1 SWL when the lifting beam is horizontal. Appendix D Typical dimensions of types of hydraulic trolley jack (for information) Table 1 to Table 4 give typical dimensions of types of hydraulic trolley jack. Figure 2 Hydraulic trolley jack positioned on inclined plane for stability type tes
48、t Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:05:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 154a:1989 BSI 02-20005 Table 1 Typical dimensions of general purpose and long reach jacks (in millimetres) Table 2 Typical dimensions of light duty jacks
49、(in millimetres) Table 3 Typical dimensions of kerb jacks (in millimetres) Table 4 Typical dimensions of high lift jacks (in millimetres) Capacity range (SWL) Closed height (max.) Raised height (min.) Overall width (max.) Width at front wheels (max.) Frame height (max.)a Distance between centres of castor wheels (min.) tonnes Up to and including 2.25 Over 2.25 up to and including 3.25 Over 3.25 up to and including 6.5 Over 6.5 up to and including 11 Over 11 up to and including 20.4 115 150 165 175 185 610 610 610 610 610 395 430 460
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