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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS AU 268:2003 Passenger cars and light vans Commercial towing pole assemblies Specification ICS 43.040.70 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:13:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 268:2003 This British Standard
2、 was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 20 June 2003 BSI 20 June 2003 The following BSI references relate to the work on this British Standard: Committee reference AUE/9 Draft for Comment 01/707851 DC ISBN 0 580 41905 3 Committees responsible for this Bri
3、tish Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee AUE/9, Automobile details and accessories, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Vehicle Recovery Operators Automobile Association Department of the Environment, Transport and the R
4、egions Department of Trade and Industry Garage Equipment Association Institute of Trading Standards Administration National Trailer and Towing Association Recovery Equipment Manufacturers and Suppliers Association Royal Automobile Club Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Amendments issued sin
5、ce publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:13:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 268:2003 BSI 20 June 2003 i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Normative referen
6、ces1 3Terms and definitions1 4Dimensions1 5End fittings1 6Warning device1 7Strength2 8Marking3 9User instructions3 Annex A (normative) Dynamic strength test method4 Annex B (normative) Static strength test method5 Annex C (normative) Inspection6 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London So
7、uth Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:13:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 268:2003 ii BSI 20 June 2003 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee AUE/9. It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that the execution of its provisions is e
8、ntrusted to appropriately qualified and competent people. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary
9、of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank
10、University, Sat Dec 09 02:13:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 268:2003 BSI 20 June 2003 1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for the dimensions, construction, and strength of towing pole assemblies to be used commercially for towing passenger cars and light vans.
11、 This standard is applicable to towing pole assemblies for use by towing vehicles of up to 3 500 kg gross mass to tow vehicles of up to 3 500 kg gross mass. NOTEThe towing pole assemblies specified in this British Standard are intended for towing broken-down vehicles. 2 Normative references The foll
12、owing referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. BS EN 571-1, Non-destructive testing Penetrant testing Pa
13、rt 1: General principles. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 towing pole assembly rigid strut device that acts in tension when towing and in compression when braking, to enable a broken-down vehicle to be towed by another
14、 vehicle but does not impart a steering force to the vehicle being towed NOTEA towing pole assembly comprises a towing pole and end fitting assembled in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. 3.2 D value theoretical reference value for the horizontal forces imposed on the towing vehicle and
15、 the towed vehicle 3.3 broken-down incapable of self-propulsion 4 Dimensions The assembled length of the towing pole assembly shall be not less than 1.5 m nor more than 4.5 m. 5 End fittings The forward end of the towing pole assembly shall be fitted with an end fitting. The end fitting shall be com
16、patible with a vehicle coupling device specified by the towing pole manufacturer. The rear end of the towing pole assembly shall be supplied with a fitting that is intended to engage with the vehicle manufacturers recovery eye provided on the towed vehicle. 6 Warning device The towing pole assembly
17、shall be clearly visible to other road users. The method of ensuring this visibility shall be permanent and comprise at least one of the following: a) a coloured and conspicuous flag or other similar warning device securely attached to the middle of the length of the towing pole assembly. The device
18、 shall have a minimum area of 300 cm2 when viewed from the side; b) a brightly coloured finish covering the towing pole assembly; c) fixed brightly coloured and conspicuous markers along the length of the towing pole assembly, having a minimum total projected area of 300 cm2 when viewed from the sid
19、e. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:13:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 268:2003 2 BSI 20 June 2003 7 Strength 7.1 D value For towing pole assemblies, the D value in kilonewtons (kN) shall be as given by the following equatio
20、n: D = (RtRv )/(Rt + Rv)9.81 where Rt is the mass of the towing vehicle (in tonnes); Rv is the mass of the towed vehicle (in tonnes). Since the towing pole assembly is intended for use by a towing vehicle of up to 3 500 kg gross mass to tow vehicles of up to 3 500 kg gross mass, when the towing vehi
21、cle has the same mass as the towed vehicle the equation can be simplified as follows: D = (R/2)9.81 where R is the mass of the vehicles (in tonnes). 7.2 Dynamic strength 7.2.1 Solid towing poles The towing pole assembly shall be tested for dynamic strength in accordance with Annex A. The dynamic tes
22、t load Dd in kilonewtons (kN) applied to the towing pole assembly shall be as given by the following equation: Dd = 0.6(RtRv)/(Rt + Rv)9.81 where Rt is the mass of the towing vehicle (in tonnes); Rv is the mass of the towed vehicle (in tonnes). Which can be simplified to the following equation: Dd =
23、 0.6D If after 500 000 cycles the post-test inspection reveals no permanent deformation greater than 0.4 % of the original dimension, cracking or the enlargement of any defect noted before the test, the towing pole assembly shall be deemed to have passed the test. 7.2.2 Towing poles fitted with a sh
24、ock absorbing device A towing pole fitted with a shock absorbing device shall conform to 7.2.1.The towing pole assembly may undergo dynamic strength testing with the shock absorbing device made inoperative by removing, clamping or otherwise making it rigid for the duration of the test. This could be
25、 achieved by replacement of the shock absorbing device with a solid link. If a towing pole assembly is tested in accordance with Annex A with the shock absorbing device so modified, the towing pole assembly shall be inspected to determine whether any failure of the inoperative shock absorbing device
26、 could compromise the integrity of the towing pole assembly in service. If the inspection reveals that failure of the inoperative shock absorbing device does not compromise the integrity of the towing pole assembly in service, the towing pole assembly shall be deemed to have passed the test. 7.3 Sta
27、tic strength The towing pole assembly shall be tested for ultimate strength in accordance with Annex B. The ultimate strength test load Ds in kilonewtons (kN) applied to the towing pole shall be as given by the following equation: Ds = (0.6R)9.81 where R is the mass of the vehicles (in tonnes). Lice
28、nsed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:13:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 268:2003 BSI 20 June 2003 3 The towing pole assembly shall be deemed to have passed the test if the post-test inspection reveals no permanent deformation greate
29、r than 0.4 % of the original dimension, cracking or the enlargement of any defect noted before the test. 8 Marking 8.1 All towing pole assemblies shall be permanently and legibly marked with the following information: a) the manufacturers name or trademark; b) the number and date of this British Sta
30、ndard, i.e. BS AU 268:20031); c) maximum gross mass of the towing vehicle and of the towed vehicle in kilograms (kg); d) the D value in kN; e) the vehicle coupling device the end fitting of the towing pole assembly is compatible with; f) any limitations on use, e.g. “only compatible with a 50 mm tow
31、ing ball”; g) instructions or a pictorial symbol referring the user to the vehicle manufacturers handbook. 8.2 When the towing pole assembly is supplied packaged, the information specified in 8.1 shall be clearly visible on or through the packaging. 9 User instructions Each towing pole assembly shal
32、l be supplied with user instructions that contain at least the following information. a) Detailed instructions for assembly of the towing pole assembly and connection of the towing pole assembly to vehicles. b) Maximum gross mass of the towing vehicle and of the towed vehicle in kilograms (kg). c) R
33、ecommended procedures for the safe towing of broken-down vehicles by use of the towing pole assembly. Specific reference and guidance shall be given with regard to each of the following warnings: 1) the need for a lighting board together with a relevant registration (number) plate consistent with th
34、at of the towing vehicle, at the rear of the towed vehicle; 2) the problems associated with towing automatic transmission vehicles; 3) the problems associated with towing four-wheel drive vehicles; 4) the problems associated with towing vehicles without the benefit of power steering; 5) the problems
35、 associated with towing vehicles without the benefit of servo braking; 6) the problems associated with towing vehicles whose gearboxes require an active engine for efficient lubrication; 7) the problems associated with towing a vehicle with an active engine; 8) the differentiation of “lashing” and “
36、recovery” eyes; 9) reducing allowable speeds when towing; 10) the need for the towed vehicles handbook or the vehicle manufacturer to be consulted prior to towing a vehicle with a towing pole assembly; 11) limitations on the towing capacity and gross train mass of the towing vehicle; 12) the need fo
37、r the towing pole assembly to be inspected before use, for signs of damage, wear or defects. 1)Marking BS AU 268:2003 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturers declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim by or on behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the s
38、tandard. The accuracy of the claim is solely the claimants responsibility. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third-party certification of conformity. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:13:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
39、BS AU 268:2003 4 BSI 20 June 2003 Annex A (normative) Dynamic strength test method A.1 Principle This test assesses the dynamic strength of the towing pole assembly by subjecting the assembly to a load which varies between calculated limits for a specified number of cycles. A.2 Apparatus A.2.1 Towin
40、g pole assembly. A.2.2 Test machine, capable of applying an axial alternating force at a frequency not exceeding 35 Hz to the towing pole assembly. The selected test frequency shall differ from resonance frequencies of the test set-up, including that of the towing pole assembly being tested. The alt
41、ernating force shall vary between values of Dd and one cycle shall be considered to be the complete sine wave from zero to +Dd to Dd and back to zero. The clearance, or free movement, in end fittings designed for use with towing eyes fitted by the vehicle manufacturer may be eliminated. The test sha
42、ll be carried out in a manner which ensures that the end fitting is subjected to the alternating force applied to the towing pole. A.3 Procedure A.3.1 Assemble the towing pole in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. If the towing pole assembly is fitted with a shock absorbing device rende
43、r this inoperative if required (see 7.2.2). A.3.2 Inspect the towing pole assembly in accordance with Annex C. A.3.3 Fit the towing pole assembly to a testing machine (A.2.2). A.3.4 Apply the test load Dd for 500 000 cycles. For straight towing poles ensure the direction of the test load is within 1
44、 of the axial centre line of the towing pole assembly being tested. For towing pole assemblies having an adjustable joint designed, for example, to provide clearance around vehicle bodywork, test the towing pole assembly in the worst-case condition. A.3.5 Remove the towing pole assembly from the tes
45、ting machine. A.3.6 Inspect the towing pole assembly in accordance with Annex C. A.3.7 For towing pole assemblies with a shock absorbing device that was rendered inoperative, inspect the towing pole assembly to determine whether any failure of the shock absorbing device could compromise the integrit
46、y of the towing pole assembly in service. A.4 Test report The test report shall include the following information. a) The results of the pre-test inspection in accordance with Annex C. b) The loads applied to the towing pole assembly. c) The test frequency. d) The number of cycles after which the to
47、wing pole assembly failed in the test if breakage occurred. e) The results of the post-test inspection in accordance with Annex C. f) For towing poles with a shock absorbing device rendered inoperative, whether or not failure of any part of the shock absorber device in service could compromise the i
48、ntegrity of the towing pole assembly. g) Test location, date of testing, name of operator. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:13:40 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 268:2003 BSI 20 June 2003 5 Annex B (normative) Static strength t
49、est method B.1 Principle This test assesses the static strength of the towing pole assembly by subjecting the assembly to a load for a specified period of time. B.2 Apparatus B.2.1 Towing pole assembly. The towing pole assembly shall not be repaired or renovated between the tensile and compressive stages of the test. B.2.2 Testing machine, capable of applying a tensile and compressive load to the towing pole assembly. B.3 Procedure B.3.1 Assemble the towing pole in accordance w
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