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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 8420:2003 Methods of measuring irregularities on surfaces of roads, footways and other paved areas using straightedges and wedges ICS 17.040.20; 93.080.20 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:44:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled
2、 Copy, (c) BSI BS 8420:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 22 November 2003 BSI 28 November 2003 The following BSI references relate to the work on this British Standard: Committee reference B/510/5 Draft for comment DD 227:1996
3、ISBN 0 580 42810 9 Committee responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/510, Road materials, to Subcommittee B/510/5, Surface characteristics, upon which the following bodies were represented: Brick Development Association Br
4、itpave Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions Highways Agency Ministry of Defence UK Defence Standardization Quarry Products Association Road Surface Dressing Association Co-opted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank Univ
5、ersity, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:44:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8420:2003 BSI 28 November 2003 i Contents Page Forewordii 1Scope1 2Terms and definitions1 3Measurement using type 1 straightedge1 4Measurement using type 2 straightedge3 5Measurement using type 3
6、straightedge5 Annex A (informative) Guidance on usage7 Annex B (informative) Guidance on calibration7 Bibliography9 Figure 1 Typical type 1 straightedge with fixed support feet2 Figure 2 Typical type 2 plain straightedges for use in measurement of rut depth4 Figure 3 Typical type 3 straightedge for
7、HAUC use6 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:44:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8420:2003 ii BSI 28 November 2003 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Subcommittee B/510/5, under the direction of Technical Committe
8、e B/510. It supersedes DD 227:1996, which is withdrawn. This British Standard describes three methods of measuring surface irregularities, using three different types of straightedge. A fourth method, using a fourth type of straightedge, is described in BS EN 13036-7. Type 1 and Type 3 straightedges
9、 enable positive irregularities to be measured equal to or less than the height of the support feet or adjustable blocks, as well as negative irregularities. The methods described in this British Standard allow the use of both longer and shorter straightedges than the type used in BS EN 13036-7, and
10、 therefore the measurement values obtained might differ. Guidance on the use of each type of straightedge, explaining when each type is generally used and giving additional background information, is given in Annex A. Attention is drawn to advisory traffic management procedures for measurements on i
11、n-service roads. For further information, refer to Chapter 8 of the Traffic signs manual 1. It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that the execution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified and competent people. This publication does not purport to includ
12、e all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 9 a
13、nd a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:44:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8420:2003 BSI 28 November 2003 1 1 Scope This
14、 British Standard describes methods of measuring irregularities on surfaces of roads, footways and other paved and trafficked areas using straightedges and wedges other than those described in BS EN 13036-7. It describes apparatus and procedures for measuring: a) single irregularities that are attri
15、butable to quality defects in new surface course(s) as well as in-service surfaces; b) rut depths and trench reinstatements of in-service roads; c) any other single irregularities less than the length of the straightedge(s) being used. This British Standard does not give methods for measuring profil
16、e or general unevenness of surfaces. 2 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this British Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 detritus loose surface matter 2.2 irregularity maximum variation of a surface from the measurement edge of a straightedge between two contact points o
17、f the straightedge when placed perpendicular to the surface 2.3 layer structural element of a pavement (2.4) laid in a single operation 2.4 pavement structure composed of one or more courses, to assist the passage of wheeled traffic over terrain 2.5 surface surface of an individual layer (2.3) 2.6 s
18、urface course upper layer (2.3) of a pavement (2.4), which is in contact with traffic 3 Measurement using type 1 straightedge NOTE Guidance on the use of type 1 straightedges is given in A.1. 3.1 Apparatus NOTE All equipment should be calibrated in accordance with Annex B. 3.1.1 Type 1 straightedge
19、with fixed support feet, between 1 m and 4 m (in whole or half metres) long. It shall be of rigid construction such that its measurement edge does not deviate from a true plane by more than 0.2 mm at any point in its operating position. The straightedge shall not deviate from straight along its leng
20、th by more than 1 mm/m. The horizontal width of the measurement edge shall be not less than 3 mm. The measurement edge shall be identifiable. The support feet shall be of equal dimensions and the contact edge of the support feet shall not deviate from a true plane by more than 0.2 mm at any point. N
21、OTE A typical type 1 straightedge and typical support feet are shown in Figure 1. 3.1.2 Wedge A, not less than 300 mm in length and not less than 25 mm in width. It shall be permanently marked on the slope plane in increments of 1 mm and its true height shall be accurate at each marked increment to
22、0.2 mm. At the zero (0) point on the measurement wedge, the height shall be the same as the height of the support feet of the straightedge 0.2 mm. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:44:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8420:2003 2
23、BSI 28 November 2003 3.2 Test method 3.2.1 The type 1 straightedge (3.1.1) shall be used only in conjunction with wedge A (3.1.2) and they shall be permanently marked with the same unique reference. 3.2.2 Ensure that the surface to be measured is free from detritus. 3.2.3 Place the straightedge on t
24、he surface perpendicular to it. For longitudinal measurement, place the straightedge parallel to the centreline of the road. For transverse measurement, place it perpendicular to the centreline of the road. NOTE The straightedge may be moved across the lane width and construction joints to determine
25、 the greatest irregularity. It may be placed at any place, in any direction unless a specific direction of measurement is required. 3.2.4 Place the wedge on the surface so that full contact with the surface is obtained. Ensure that the wedge is perpendicular to the measurement edge of the straighted
26、ge. 3.2.5 Measure the distance between the measurement edge of the straightedge and the surface of the irregularity by inserting the wedge in the gap to refusal and then reading off the marked increments on the slope of the wedge. 3.2.6 Record the measurements to the nearest 1 mm. 3.2.7 For new surf
27、aces, check conformity to irregularity criteria as soon as practicable after the surface has been laid. NOTE 1 An example of irregularity criteria is SHW Cl 702; refer to Volume 1 of the Highways Agency publication Manual of contract documents for highway works 2. NOTE 2 On occasions it will not be
28、possible to check compliance before trafficking so on these occasions record and report that trafficking had occurred prior to test. Figure 1 Typical type 1 straightedge with fixed support feet Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:44:46 GMT+00:00 2
29、006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8420:2003 BSI 28 November 2003 3 3.3 Test report The test report shall contain at least the following information: a) test date; b) serial number of the report; c) reference number of the straightedge and wedge (see 3.2.1); d) test location, e.g. road number, lane,
30、 chainage reference; e) type of measurement, e.g. transverse; f) transverse location of left-hand end of straightedge, e.g. 500 mm from kerb; g) length of the straightedge used in the test; h) greatest measurement to the nearest 1 mm; i) whether the test surface has been trafficked; j) signature of
31、the person accepting the technical responsibility for the report. NOTE For repeatability and reproducibility, the location of each measurement position should be recorded as accurately as possible. 4 Measurement using type 2 straightedge NOTE Guidance on the use of type 2 straightedges is given in A
32、.2. 4.1 Apparatus NOTE All equipment should be calibrated in accordance with Annex B. 4.1.1 Type 2 plain straightedge, between 1 m and 4 m (in whole or half metres) long. It shall be of rigid construction such that its measurement edge does not deviate from a true plane by more than 0.2 mm at any po
33、int in its operating position. The straightedge shall not deviate from straight along its length by more than 1 mm/m. The horizontal width of the measurement edge shall be not less than 3 mm. The measurement edge shall be identifiable. NOTE A typical type 2 straightedge is shown in Figure 2. 4.1.2 W
34、edge B, not less than 200 mm in length and not less than 20 mm in width. It shall be permanently marked on the slope plane in increments of 1 mm and its true height shall be accurate at each marked increment to 0.5 mm. 4.2 Test method 4.2.1 The type 2 straightedge (4.1.1) shall be used only in conju
35、nction with wedge B (4.1.2) and they shall be permanently marked with the same unique reference. 4.2.2 Ensure that the surface is free from detritus. Place the straightedge on the surface, perpendicular to the centreline of the road and bridging the rut to be measured. 4.2.3 Place the wedge on the s
36、urface so that full contact with the surface is obtained. Ensure that the wedge is perpendicular to the measurement edge of the straightedge. NOTE Measurements may be taken from either side of the straightedge. 4.2.4 Measure the distance between the measurement edge of the straightedge and the surfa
37、ce of the rut by inserting the wedge in the gap to refusal to ascertain the greatest deviation and then reading the marked increments on the slope of the wedge. 4.2.5 Record the measurements to the nearest 1 mm. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01
38、:44:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8420:2003 4 BSI 28 November 2003 Figure 2 Typical type 2 plain straightedges for use in measurement of rut depth Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:44:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
39、BSI BS 8420:2003 BSI 28 November 2003 5 4.3 Test report The test report shall contain the following information: a) test date; b) serial number of the report; c) reference number of the straightedge and wedge (see 4.2.1); d) test location, e.g. road number, lane, chainage reference; e) type of measu
40、rement, e.g. longitudinal, diagonal, transverse; f) length of the straightedge used in the test; g) whether the surface has been trafficked; h) signature of the person accepting the technical responsibility for the report. NOTE For repeatability and reproducibility, the location of each measurement
41、position should be recorded as accurately as possible. 5 Measurement using type 3 straightedge NOTE Guidance on the use of type 3 straightedges is given in A.3. 5.1 Apparatus NOTE All equipment should be calibrated in accordance with Annex B. 5.1.1 Type 3 straightedge with adjustable blocks, between
42、 1 m and 4 m (in whole or half metres) long. It shall be of rigid construction such that its measurement edge does not deviate from a true plane by more than 0.2 mm at any point in its operating position. The straightedge shall not deviate from straight along its length by more than 1 mm/m. The hori
43、zontal width of the measurement edge shall be not less than 3 mm. The measurement edge shall be identifiable. The blocks shall be of equal dimensions and adjustable along the length of the straightedge and they shall not deviate from a true plane by more than 0.2 mm. NOTE A typical type 3 straighted
44、ge and typical adjustable blocks are shown in Figure 3. 5.1.2 Wedge A, in accordance with 3.1.2. 5.2 Test method 5.2.1 The type 3 straightedge (5.1.1) shall be used only in conjunction with wedge A (5.1.2) and they shall be permanently marked with the same unique reference. 5.2.2 Ensure that the sur
45、face is free from detritus. Place the straightedge on the surface and adjust the blocks so that they can sit on each edge of the old road surface and the straightedge is perpendicular to the line of the trench. 5.2.3 Measure the distance between the measurement edge of the straightedge and the surfa
46、ce of the trench reinstatement by inserting the wedge in the gap to refusal to ascertain the greatest or least deviation and then reading off the marked increments on the slope of the wedge. 5.2.4 Record the measurements to the nearest 1 mm. 5.3 Test report The test report shall contain at least the
47、 following information: a) test date; b) serial number of the report; c) reference number of the straightedge and wedge (see 5.2.1); d) test location, e.g. road number, lane, chainage reference; e) length of the straightedge used in the test; f) greatest measurement to the nearest 1 mm; g) signature
48、 of the person accepting the technical responsibility for the report. NOTE For repeatability and reproducibility, the location of each measurement position should be recorded as accurately as possible. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:44:46 GMT
49、+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8420:2003 6 BSI 28 November 2003 See Annex A, Note to A.3 Figure 3 Typical type 3 straightedge for HAUC use Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 01:44:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8420:2003 BSI 28 November 2003 7 Annex A (informative) Guidance on usage A.1 Type 1 straightedge The type 1 straightedge is generally used in the initial construction or maintenance of high
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