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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 873-4:1987 Road traffic signs and internally illuminated bollards Part 4: Specification for road studs UDC 625.745.5/.6:628.975:656.055.969 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 06:10:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS
2、 873-4:1987 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Road Engineering Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 30 January 1987 BSI 01-1999 First published April 1973 First revision January 1987 The following BSI
3、 references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference RDB/6 Draft for comment 85/13788 DC ISBN 0 580 15653 2 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Road Engineering Standards Committee (RDB/-) to Technical Committ
4、ee RDB/6, upon which the following bodies were represented: Aluminium Federation Association of Road Traffic Sign Makers British Plastics Federation British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. British Rubber Manufacturers Association British Sign Association British Steel Industry British Telecommunica
5、tions plc Bus and Coach Council County Surveyors Society Department of Transport (Highways) Electrical Installation Equipment Manufacturers Association (BEAMA Ltd.) Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Highways and Transportation Institution
6、of Lighting Engineers Lighting Industry Federation Ltd. Retro-Reflective Equipment Manufacturers Association Vitreous Enamel Development Council Zinc Development Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Ba
7、nk University, Fri Dec 08 06:10:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 873-4:1987 BSI 01-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Definitions1 3Marking1 4Construction of road studs1 5Materials2 6Colorimetric requirements for the retroreflectors of re
8、flecting road studs2 7Photometric requirements for the retroreflectors of permanent reflecting road studs3 8Colorimetric and luminance requirements for the body of temporary reflecting road studs3 9Photometric requirements for retroreflectors of temporary reflecting road studs4 10Colour fastness to
9、light of body of temporary reflecting road studs4 11Corrosion resistance of the retroreflectors of reflecting road studs4 12Resilience of depressible reflecting road studs4 13Adhesives for bonding road studs 4 Appendix A Tests6 Appendix B Sampling procedure for laboratory tests of road studs6 Append
10、ix C Method of test for corrosion resistance of retroreflectors of reflecting road studs6 Appendix D Method of test for resilience of depressible reflecting road studs6 Appendix E Method of test for adhesives for bonding permanent road studs6 Appendix F Information on test for performance of reflect
11、ing road studs under conditions of traffic 7 Appendix G Installation of road studs9 Figure 1 Test specimen for shear strength test 8 Figure 2 Restraining frame9 Table 1 Corner coordinates for white retroreflectors2 Table 2 Corner coordinates for red retroreflectors2 Table 3 Corner coordinates for am
12、ber retroreflectors2 Table 4 Corner coordinates for green retroreflectors 2 Table 5 Minimum R values for category A permanent studs3 Table 6 Minimum R values for category B permanent studs3 Table 7 Corner factors for the retroreflectors of reflecting road studs3 Table 8 Corner coordinates and minimu
13、m luminance factor for temporary road stud body 4 Table 9 Minimum and maximum R values for category A temporary studs 4 Table 10 Minimum and maximum R values for category B temporary studs 4 Table 11 Test temperature for adhesive cure5 Table 12 Laboratory tests required 6 Table 13 Number of studs re
14、quired for laboratory tests7 Publications referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 06:10:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 873-4:1987 ii BSI 01-1999 Foreword This revision of BS 873-4 has been prepared under the
15、 direction of the Road Engineering Standards Committee. It supersedes BS 873-4:1973 which is withdrawn. BS 873 was first published in 1939 in response to a request from the Association of Road Traffic Sign Makers, and was revised in 1959 and 1970. As a result of subsequent experience and the advent
16、of new materials and methods of construction, it is being further revised to bring it up to date. This process will continue in future revisions. The revised standard is being published in the following separate Parts, relating to the various aspects of road traffic signs and internally illuminated
17、bollards which are considered to be suitable for standardization. Part 1: Methods of test; Part 2: Specification for miscellaneous signs; Part 3: Specification for internally illuminated bollards; Part 4: Specification for road studs; Part 5: Specification for internally illuminated signs and extern
18、al lighting luminaires; Part 6: Specification for retroreflective and non-retroreflective signs; Part 7: Specification for posts and fittings; Part 8: Specification for cones and cylinders. NOTEBS 873-1 gives further details of the various Parts. The main changes to this revision of BS 873-4 are as
19、follows. a) The fluorescent green-yellow, temporary reflecting road studs used at road-work installations are now included. b) A quality assurance procedure, to ensure that adequate quality control is being adopted in the manufacture of road studs, has been added to Appendix A. c) Recommendations fo
20、r the installation of anchored studs have been added to those for bonded studs in Appendix G. These recommendations, however, should only be used in conjunction with the manufacturers installation instructions. Temporary reflecting road studs are normally installed at 1 m to 2 m centres, and in orde
21、r that the studs do not present a distracting reflective signal, maximum as well as minimum photometric values have been incorporated in Table 9 and Table 10. Some of the tests specified in this standard are such as to necessitate a programme of sampling. Such a procedure should be agreed between th
22、e manufacturers and the testing organization before supplying the samples. Attention is drawn to BS 2635, BS 6000, BS 6001 and BS 6002. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 06:10:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 873-4:1987 BSI 01-1999i
23、ii A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. In particular, attention is drawn to t
24、he following. The Traffic Signs Regulations and General Directions The Traffic Signs (Speed Limits) Regulations and General Directions. The Pedestrian Crossing Regulations. Information on the relationship between these regulations and BS 873 is given in appendix A of BS 873-1:1983. Summary of pages
25、This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Li
26、censed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 06:10:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 06:10:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 873-4:1987 BSI
27、 01-19991 1 Scope This Part of BS 873 specifies requirements for reflecting and non-reflecting road studs which may be either bonded to or anchored within the road surface. Sampling and test procedures applicable to this standard are given in Appendix A to Appendix F, with general advice for the ins
28、tallation of road studs given in Appendix G. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this Part of BS 873 the definitions given in BS 873-1 apply, together with the following. 2.1 permanent reflecting road
29、studs a reflecting road stud as described in 2.8.4 of BS 873-1:1983 that provides long-term warning, guidance and information to road users 2.2 temporary reflecting road studs a reflecting road stud as described in 2.8.4 of BS 873-1:1983 that provides warning, guidance and information to road users
30、when required at road works installations NOTE Temporary reflecting road studs are designed to be effective for a period of approximately 3 months. 2.3 unidirectional reflecting road studs a reflecting road stud that has only one retroreflecting face 2.4 bidirectional reflecting road studs a reflect
31、ing road stud that has two opposing retroreflecting faces 2.5 omnidirectional reflecting road studs a reflecting road stud that is capable of providing retroreflection when subjected to the light emitted from the headlamp(s) of a motor vehicle approaching from any direction 2.6 category A stud a ref
32、lecting road stud incorporating one or more corner cube retroreflectors 2.7 category B stud a reflecting road stud incorporating one or more biconvex retroreflectors 3 Marking Road studs and/or their containers shall be clearly marked with the following information. a) The number and date of this Br
33、itish Standard, i.e. BS 873-4:19871). b) The name, trade mark or other means of identification of the manufacturer. 4 Construction of road studs NOTE 1 Attention is drawn to the requirements of the Regulations2) regarding shape, size and colour of road studs. NOTE 2Reflecting road studs for use on p
34、ublic roads in the UK require to be type approved by the appropriate Government Department responsible for highways. Information regarding the required road test is given in Appendix F. 4.1 Non-reflecting road studs The upper surfaces of non-reflecting road studs shall retain their original colour t
35、hroughout the life of the studs. The enveloping profile of the head of the studs shall not present any sharp edges to traffic. 4.2 Reflecting road studs Reflecting road studs require the incorporation of retroreflectors which shall comply with the colorimetric requirements of clause 6 and the photom
36、etric requirements of clause 7 or 9. The enveloping profile of the head of the studs shall not present any sharp edges to traffic. When the studs are constructed in two or more parts, one of these shall incorporate the reflectors and shall be a removable insert which shall only be removable by the u
37、se of a tool recommended by the manufacturer. NOTEAny removable insert incorporating the retroreflector should preferably be capable of fitment into the fixed part(s) in two opposite directions so that the retroreflectors are capable of being reversed. 4.3 Depressible reflecting road studs Depressib
38、le reflecting road studs shall comply with 4.2 and clause 12. They shall be self-wiping and shall revert to their original form after being traversed by a vehicle. 1) Marking BS 837-4:1987 on or in relation to a product is a claim by the manufacturer that the product has been manufactured in accorda
39、nce with the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of such a claim is therefore solely the manufacturers responsibility. Enquiries as to the availability of third party certification should be addressed to the appropriate certification body. 2) See foreword for details. Licensed Copy: London So
40、uth Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 06:10:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 873-4:1987 2 BSI 01-1999 4.4 Temporary reflecting road studs Temporary reflecting road studs shall be of the unidirectional type. The body of the studs shall be a fluorescent green-ye
41、llow colour complying with the colorimetric and luminance requirements of clauses 8 and 10. The retroreflector or combination of retroreflectors on the face of the stud shall comply with the colorimetric requirements of clause 6 and the photometric requirements of clause 9. 5 Materials Road studs sh
42、all be made from any materials such that they shall comply with clause 4 and the appropriate requirements listed in Appendix A. NOTEExperience has shown that the following materials are satisfactory for non-reflecting road studs. a) Stainless steel castings complying with 302C25 of BS 3100. b) Stain
43、less steel forgings complying with 304S31 of BS 970-1. c) Aluminium castings complying with LM 4M or LM 6M of BS 1490. d) Aluminium forgings complying with 2014A TB of BS 1472. 6 Colorimetric requirements for retroreflectors of reflecting road studs 6.1 General The colour limits of the retroreflecto
44、r(s) when illuminated by CIE standard illuminant A3), with an entrance angle V (vertical) = 0, H (horizontal) = 5 L (left) or R (right), and an observation angle of 0.3 shall comply with 6.2 to 6.5. NOTE Compliance with the colorimetric requirements of the retroreflectors should normally be verified
45、 by means of a visual comparison test. If any doubt remains after this test, compliance should be verified by the determination of the chromaticity coordinates. 6.2 White (uncoloured) retroreflectors White (uncoloured) retroreflectors shall have chromaticity coordinates that lie within the area form
46、ed by the straight lines joining the corner coordinates having x and y values given in Table 1. Table 1 Corner coordinates for white retroreflectors 6.3 Red retroreflectors Red retroreflectors shall have chromaticity coordinates that lie within the area formed by the straight lines joining the corne
47、r coordinates having x and y values given in Table 2. Table 2 Corner coordinates for red retroreflectors 6.4 Amber retroreflectors Amber retroreflectors shall have chromaticity coordinates that lie within the area formed by the straight lines joining the corner coordinates having x and y values give
48、n in Table 3. Table 3 Corner coordinates for amber retroreflectors 6.5 Green retroreflectors Green retroreflectors shall have chromaticity coordinates that lie within the area formed by the straight lines joining the corner coordinates having x and y values given in Table 4. Table 4 Corner coordinat
49、es for green retroreflectors 3) As defined in the proceedings of the 1951 meeting of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). CIE Publication No. 15:1971 Colorimetry. Pointxy 1 2 3 4 0.440 0.480 0.451 0.409 0.380 0.410 0.439 0.411 Pointxy 1 2 3 4 0.665 0.657 0.730 0.735 0.335 0.335 0.262 0.265 Point xy 1 2 3 4 0.570 0.564 0.595 0.602 0.429 0.429 0.398 0.398 Point xy 1 2 3 4 0.030 0.228 0.321 0.302 0.385 0.351 0.493 0.692 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 06:1
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