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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13123-1:2001 Windows, doors and shutters Explosion resistance Requirements and classification Part 1: Shock tube The European Standard EN 13123-1:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.230; 91.060.50 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT
2、LAW Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:21:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 13123-1:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Stand
3、ards Committee and comes into effect on 15 June 2001 BSI 06-2001 ISBN 0 580 37704 0 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13123-1:2001. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/538, Doors, windows, shutters, hardw
4、are and curtain walling, to Subcommittee B/538/2, Doors, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in
5、 this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract.
6、Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposal
7、s for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI cop
8、yright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:21:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM E
9、N 13123-1 April 2001 ICS 13.230; 91.060.50 English version Windows, doors and shutters Explosion resistance Requirements and classification Part 1: Shock tube Fentres, portes et fermetures Rsistance lexplosion Prescriptions et classification Partie 1: Tube effet de souffle (shock tube) Fenster, Tren
10、 und Abschlsse Sprengwirkungshemmung Anforderungen und Klassifizierung Teil 1: Storohr This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 March 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of
11、a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version i
12、n any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Ger
13、many, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2001 CENAll rig
14、hts of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13123-1:2001 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:21:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 13123-1:2001 BSI 06-2001 Contents Page Foreword. 3 1Scope. 4 2
15、Normative references. 4 3Terms and definitions 4 4Requirements 4 5Classification of the level of explosion pressure resistance (EPR) 5 Annex A (normative) Blast parameters and derivation. 7 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:21:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Pag
16、e 3 EN 13123-1:2001 BSI 06-2001 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 33, Doors, windows, shutters, building hardware and curtain walling, the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, eit
17、her by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2001. This European Standard is one of a series of standards for windows, doors and curtain walling. The requirements and classific
18、ation relate to a test specified in EN 13124-1. Annex A is normative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
19、 Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:21:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 13123-1:2001 BSI 06-2001 1Scope This European Standard
20、specifies the criteria which windows, doors and shutters shall satisfy to achieve a classification when submitted to the test method described in EN 13124-1. This European Standard concerns a method of test against blast waves generated by using a shock tube facility to simulate a high explosive det
21、onation in the order of 100 kg to 2 500 kg TNT at distances from about 35 m to 50 m. This European Standard is applicable to blast overpressure generated in a shock tube test facility used to simulate a high explosive detonation on windows, doors and shutters, complete with their frames and infills,
22、 for use in both internal and external locations in buildings. It gives no information on the explosion resistance capacity of the wall or other surrounding structure. 2Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These n
23、ormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated r
24、eferences the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 13124-1:2001, Windows, doors and shutters Explosion resistance Test method Part 1: Shock tube. 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard the terms and definitions given in EN 13124-
25、1 apply. 4Requirements Resistance to perforation and pressure shall be classified in accordance with clause 5. To achieve a particular class of explosion resistance, the test specimen shall: (a) be subjected to not less than the corresponding level of each of peak pressure, positive specific impulse
26、 and minimum duration specified in clause 5, Table 1; and (b) show no perforation or damage exceeding that specified in 9.2 of EN 13124-1:2001. After the test, the door leaf and/or any opening sash shall remain retained in the closed position whether the opening mechanisms shall be still operable or
27、 not. It shall not be possible to gain unauthorized access from the attack face as a result of damage or exposure during the test of any security closure mechanisms which were intentionally secure prior to the test. It is not a requirement of the test that performance in other respects such as air p
28、ermeability, watertightness, wind resistance, etc. be maintained. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:21:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 EN 13123-1:2001 BSI 06-2001 If the intended application of the window, door and shutter is such that it will be specific
29、ally subjected to climatic extremes, the test specimen shall be tested at these climatic extremes. NOTECare should be taken to ensure that all joints between the wall and the window or door have protection which is at least equal to that of the window or door. 5Classification of the level of explosi
30、on pressure resistance (EPR) The classes EPR1 to EPR4 given in Table 1 are in order of increasing explosion pressure resistance. When a window, door or shutter achieves a particular class it also automatically achieves all lower classes. Table 1 Characteristics of the shock wave Minimum values of: C
31、lassification codePeak pressure Pmax bar a Positive specific impulsion i+ bar-ms EPR10,503,7 EPR21,009,0 EPR31,5015,0 EPR42,0022,0 a The duration of the positive phase (t +) shall be not less than 20 ms NOTE 1The classification refers to the reflected pressure values which the test specimen experien
32、ces. NOTE 2A latitude of -5 % is permitted on the pressure value to allow for gauge reading tolerance. No reduction is permitted on the impulse and duration values which shall be determined in accordance with annex A. The decay coefficient defining the shape of the mean pressure trace lies within th
33、e values 0 to 4. NOTE 3The testing authority is required to ensure that the pressure and impulse values for any one classification test remain below that of the next higher classification or, in the case of EPR4, the upper bound values given as Pmax = 2,5 and i+ = 32 (see Figure A.1 in annex A). NOT
34、E 4Results of the tests are further notated with an addition of an “S” or “NS” suffix with regard to the presence or absence of splinters originating from the rear (protected) face of the test specimen. Examples: EPR1 (S) = Splinters ejected from rear (protected side) of the glass or infill material
35、. EPR1 (NS) = No splinters ejected from rear (protected side) of the glass or infill material. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:21:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 6 EN 13123-1:2001 BSI 06-2001 Key 1 Time of arrival 2 Ambient pressure 3 Pressure 4 Positive
36、specific impulse, i+ 5 Positive phase 6 Duration 7 Negative specific impulse, i- 8 Negative phase 9 Time after explosion NOTEWith a blast wave generated by a shock tube the negative phase may not be present. For definitions refer to clause 3. Figure 1 Idealized pressure-time variation for a blast wa
37、ve Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:21:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 7 EN 13123-1:2001 BSI 06-2001 Annex A (normative) Blast parameters and derivation A.1Scope This annex sets out the procedures to be followed by the testing authority to achieve consiste
38、nt measurement and derivation of the test blast parameters for comparison against the classification parameters defined in requirements and classification clause 5, Table 1. A.2 Symbols P(t)=Pressure, above ambient pressure, at time t Pc=Classification peak pressure Pmax=Peak pressure derived from m
39、easured test values i+c=Classification positive phase specific impulse i+=Positive phase specific impulse calculated from measured test values t+c=Classification positive phase duration t+=Positive phase duration derived from measured test values tc=Triangular duration calculated from classification
40、 values of Pc and i+c t=Triangular duration calculated from Pmax and i+ A.3 Units ParameterUnitsEquivalent units Pressurebar= 100 kPa- (kilopascal) = 100 kN/m2- (kilonewton/m2) Durationms= ms- (milliseconds) Impulsebar-ms= area enclosed by pressure-time curve A.4Mathematical relationships The relati
41、onship between the parameters Pmax, i+, t+ and t? can be expressed as functions of the exponential decay shape of the idealized pressure-time trace using the following formulae: Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:21:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 8 EN 13123
42、-1:2001 BSI 06-2001 (a) The modified Friedlander equation: P(t) = Pmax1 - t/t+ ? exp-A ? t/t+; where: A is the decay coefficient or form parameter. (b) The integration of the modified Friedlander equation to express the calculated impulse, which is the area under the positive phase of the pressure-t
43、ime trace, as: i+ = Pmax ? t+(1/A) - (1/A2) ? 1 - exp(-A). (c) t? = 2 ? i+/Pmax; giving the equivalent triangular duration for the limiting case when the value of the decay coefficient, A, would be zero and the trace would be a straight line, which idealized case is often used in carrying out respon
44、se calculations. A.5Classification blast pulses Figures A.1 and A.2 illustrate the idealized shape and relationships of the classification blast pulses which would occur with a value for the decay coefficient of A = 1. These values of Pc (less than 5 %) and i+c are the minimum permissible to achieve
45、 the appropriate classification and are related to each other and t+c by the same formulae as in clause A.4: (a) P(t) = Pc1 - t/t+c ? exp-A ? t/t+c; (b) i+c = Pc ? t+c(1/A) - (1/A2) ? 1 - exp(-A). Different shape classification pulses may similarly be derived ranging from sharper curves having a ste
46、eper initial decay rate but longer final duration for A = 4 down towards the limiting case of a straight line corresponding to A = 0 when: (c) t+c = t?c = 2 ? i+c/Pc. In all cases, the values of all three blast parameters, peak pressure, impulse and duration and the value of the decay coefficient A
47、shall comply with clause 5. It shall be noted that: (d) for example, when A is less than 1, the value for the impulse may have to be higher than the minimum classification value in order to comply with the requirement for the duration to be not less than 20 ms; (e) often the duration shall exceed 20
48、 ms in order for the impulse not to be less than the classification minimum. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:21:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 9 EN 13123-1:2001 BSI 06-2001 A.6Method of recording test parameters The test blast parameters shall be obtaine
49、d using electronic recording equipment capable of recording and reproducing, on screen and in the form of a hard copy visual trace, the pressure- time history of the blast pulse in steps of not more than 0,1 ms. This shall be done for each of the two blast gauges receiving the blast pressure (normally the reflected values) experienced by the attack face of the test specimen. The pressure-time history shall be recorded and reproducible over the positive phase period in detail and also over the subsequent
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