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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13284-2:2004 Stationary source emissions Determination of low range mass concentration of dust Part 2: Automated measuring systems The European Standard EN 13284-2:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.040.40 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29
2、09:13:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 13284-2:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 25 January 2005 BSI 25 January 2005 ISBN 0 580 45349 9 National foreword This British Standard is the official English lang
3、uage version of EN 13284-2:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/1, Stationary source emissions, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request t
4、o its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electr
5、onic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to un
6、derstand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document compr
7、ises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 25 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct
8、 29 09:13:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13284-2 September 2004 ICS 13.040.40 English version Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dust - Part 2: Automated measuring systems Emissions de sou
9、rces fixes - Dtermination de la faible concentration en masse de poussires - Partie 2: Systmes automatiques de mesure Emissionen aus stationren Quellen - Ermittlung der Staubmassenkonzentration bei geringen Staubkonzentrationen - Teil 2: Automatische Messeinrichtungen This European Standard was appr
10、oved by CEN on 22 July 2004. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national s
11、tandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified
12、 to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands
13、, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form an
14、d by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13284-2:2004: E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:13:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction.4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references5 3 Terms an
15、d definitions .5 4 Principle7 5 AMS performance criteria for QAL1.7 6 AMS location9 7 Calibration and validation of the AMS (QAL2)9 7.1 General9 7.2 Calibration procedure .9 7.3 Establishing the calibration function.10 7.4 Calibration under abnormal operating conditions.10 7.5 Special circumstances
16、in fulfilling the variability test.11 8 Ongoing quality assurance during operation (QAL3)12 9 Annual surveillance test (AST).12 Annex A (informative) Example of calculation of the calibration function and of the variability test.13 Annex B (informative) Number of measurement points for calibration22
17、 Annex C (informative) Quadratic regression.23 Bibliography25 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:13:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13284-2:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, t
18、he secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2005. This document
19、 has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative bibliography, which is an integral part of this document. According to th
20、e CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemb
21、ourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:13:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 4 Introduction This document describes the quality ass
22、urance procedures related to Automated Measuring Systems (AMS) for the determination of dust in flue gas, in order to meet the uncertainty requirements on measured values given by regulations, e.g. EC Directives (1, 2), national or other legislation. This document is only applicable in conjunction w
23、ith the general document on quality assurance of AMS described in EN 14181, and provides indications which are specific to dust measurements. The calibration and validation of dust AMS are performed by parallel measurements with the reference manual gravimetric method described in EN 13284-1. Licens
24、ed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:13:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 5 1 Scope This document specifies specific requirements on automated measuring systems (AMS) for dust monitoring. It is derived from EN 14181 which is the general document on the
25、quality assurance of AMS. It is only applicable in conjunction with EN 14181. This document specifies test criteria for the QAL1 and specific requirements for QAL2, QAL3 and AST for dust AMS used for proving that the dust emissions from a source are compliant with emission limits below 50 mg/m3 (sta
26、ndard conditions) in ducted gaseous streams. This document is applicable by direct correlation with the standard reference method (SRM) described in EN 13284-1. This document is primarily developed for emissions from waste incinerators. From a technical point of view, it may be applied to other proc
27、esses, for which measurement at an emission limit is required with defined uncertainty. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition o
28、f the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13284-1:2001, Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dust - Part 1: Manual gravimetric method. EN 14181:2004, Stationary source emissions Quality assurance of automated measuring systems. EN ISO
29、14956, Air quality - Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a required measurement uncertainty (ISO 14956:2002). EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:1999). 3 Terms and definitions For th
30、e purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13284-1:2001 and EN 14181:2004 and the following apply. 3.1 dust particles, of any shape, structure or density, dispersed in the gas phase at the sampling point conditions which may be collected by filtration under specified conditio
31、ns after representative sampling of the gas to be analysed, and which remain upstream of the filter and on the filter after drying under specified conditions EN 13284-1:2001 3.2 automated measuring system (AMS) measuring system permanently installed on site for continuous monitoring of emissions NOT
32、E 1 An AMS is a method which is traceable to a reference method. NOTE 2 Apart from the analyser, an AMS includes facilities for taking samples (e.g. sample probe, sample gas lines, flow meters, regulators, delivery pumps) and for sample conditioning (e.g. dust filter, moisture removal devices, conve
33、rters, diluters). This definition also includes testing and adjusting devices that are required for regular functional checks. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:13:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 6 EN 14181:2004 NOTE 3 For the purpose of this
34、 document, AMS means automated dust measuring system. 3.3 cross sensitivity response of the AMS to determinants other than dust concentration NOTE Cross sensitivity can be caused for example by particle characteristics (including size, material type, electric charge, shape and moisture content), flo
35、w gas conditions (including velocity) and gas composition (including water vapour, water droplets). 3.4 emission limit value (ELV) limit value related to the uncertainty requirement NOTE For the EU directives 1 and 2 it is the daily emission value that relates to the uncertainty requirement. 3.5 lin
36、earity (lack of fit) systematic deviation, within the range of application, between the accepted value of a reference material applied to the measuring system and the corresponding output signal from the AMS NOTE Test for linearity is described in Annex B of EN 14181:2004. 3.6 limit of detection min
37、imum value of the measurand for which the measuring system is not in the basic state, with a stated probability NOTE The basic state is usually represented by zero reference material. 3.7 period of unattended operation maximum interval of time for which the performance characteristics remain within
38、a predefined range without external servicing, e.g. refill, calibration, adjustment 3.8 reproducibility under field conditions (r) measure of the agreement between two identical measuring systems applied in parallel in field tests at a level confidence of 95 % using the standard deviation of the dif
39、ference of the paired measurements: D95, 0; 1 str n = () n xx s n i ii 2 2 1 , 2, 1 D = = where r is the reproducibility under field conditions; 95, 0; 1n t is the two-sided Students t-factor at a confidence level of 95 % with a number of degrees of freedom n1; sD is the standard deviation of the di
40、fference of paired measurements; Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:13:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 7 x1, i is the ith measurement result of the first measuring system; x2, i is the ith measurement result of the second measuring system; n i
41、s the number of parallel measurements NOTE The reproducibility under field conditions is calculated from the half-hour averaged output signals during the three-month period. 3.9 Standard Reference Method (SRM) method described and standardised to define an air quality characteristic, temporarily ins
42、talled on site for verification purposes EN 14181:2004 NOTE For the purposes of this document, the SRM is specified in EN 13284-1. 4 Principle This document is derived from the general document on the quality assurance of AMS (EN 14181). It shall be applied in conjunction with that document. This do
43、cument only deals with the specific aspects related to dust monitoring. According to EN 14181, three different levels of quality assurance are defined, designated as Quality Assurance Levels (QAL). These levels cover the suitability of an AMS for its measuring task (QAL1), the validation of the AMS
44、following its installation (QAL2), the control of the AMS during its ongoing operation on an industrial plant (QAL3). An annual Surveillance Test (AST) is also defined. 5 AMS performance criteria for QAL1 The performance of the AMS shall be assessed in a suitability test referred to as QAL1. Suitabi
45、lity tests for an AMS are usually carried out within the framework of certification or type approval procedures. The suitability test comprises a separate laboratory test and a three-month field test in a typical application. The requirements for the tests used in QAL1 are given in Table 1. These re
46、quirements shall be used until general requirements on AMS are specified in a European Standard on AMS certification. The manufacturer shall ensure that the delivered AMS has the same characteristics as the tested devices. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:13:18 GMT+00:00 200
47、6, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 8 Table 1 QAL1 performance criteria LABORATORY TESTS Zero and span check shall be documented by the manufacturer and assessed during QAL1 to be appropriate for QAL3 Reference materials shall be documented by the manufacturer and assessed during QAL1
48、to be appropriate for AST Automatic compensation of zero and span drift, if provided shall be documented by the manufacturer and assessed during QAL1; if used as part of QAL3, the AMS shall indicate compensation beyond specified limits Linearity (lack of fit) shall be less than 4 % of ELV and checke
49、d by use of reference materials (also to be applied in AST) Detection limit shall be less than 2 % of ELV Influence of physical environment, such as: - temperature - electrical supply - ambient light - optical alignment - vibrations - pressure shall have an individual and total combined influence less than 2 % of ELV within the range of variations defined by the manufacturer; shall be documented by the manufacturer and validated during QAL1 Cross sensitivity (proc
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