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1、BS 8487:2007 The design and construction of gas boosters used in association with combustion equipment Specification ICS 91.140.40 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Ju
2、l 16 04:19:57 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Publishing and copyright information The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 56749 0 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee r
3、eference GSE/33 Draft for comment 06/30148066 DC Publication history First published June 2007 Amendments issued since publication Amd. no.DateText affected BS 8487:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jul 16 04:19:57 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy,
4、(c) BSI BSI 2007i BS 8487:2007 Contents Foreword ii Introduction 1 1Scope 1 2Normative references 1 3Materials and components 2 4Impeller and drive train 3 5Shaft seals 4 6Bearings 4 7Temperature limitations 4 8Guarding 4 9Controls 5 10Electrical circuit 5 11Motor drive 5 12Pipe connections and tapp
5、ings 5 13Marking and data plates 6 14Installation instructions 6 15Commissioning instructions 8 16Servicing and maintenance 9 Annexes Annex A (normative) Test method for mechanical strength (see 3.3) and torsion and bending (see 12.2) 10 Bibliography 12 List of figures Figure A.1 Bending moment test
6、 11 List of tables Table A.1 Tightening torque for flange bolts 10 Table A.2 Bending moments 10 Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London Sou
7、th Bank University, Mon Jul 16 04:19:57 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8487:2007 ii BSI 2007 Foreword This British Standard came into effect on 29 June 2007 and was prepared by Technical Committee GW/33, Gas supply. A list of organizations represented on the committee can be obtained
8、on request to its secretary. Use of this document The provisions of this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its requirements are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “shall”. Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented in smaller
9、 italic type, and does not constitute a normative element. Contractual and legal considerations This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from l
10、egal obligations. In particular, attention is drawn to the following statutory regulations: Supply of Machinery Regulations 1992, as amended 1 Provision and Use of Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 2 Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations DSEAR 2002 3 Electricity at Work Regulat
11、ions 1989 4 Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1998 5 Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2004 6 Gas Act 1986, as amended 7 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jul 16 04:19:57 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BS
12、I BSI 20071 BS 8487:2007 Introduction This British Standard has been produced to address the growing use of centrifugal boosters on gas-fired plant. The boosters normally supply gas at pressures up to about 150 mbar, but almost identical units may also be used for combustion air duties. The standard
13、 has been produced to enhance the advice provided by manufacturers with respect to the need for maintenance on gas boosters by competent persons. The sections on maintenance and commissioning within this standard will be of relevance to existing units. 1 Scope This British Standard specifies the con
14、struction and maintenance requirements of indirectly and directly driven single-stage centrifugal booster assemblies (hereafter referred to as machines), working on first, second or third family gas, having an outlet pressure of not greater than 150 mbar. This standard is not applicable to positive
15、displacement gas and slide vane type compressors. This standard is also applicable to machines with outlet pressures not greater than 150 mbar used on landfill gases or biogases or gas/air mixtures, provided that any additional design and safety issues have been incorporated. Though applicable to si
16、ngle-stage machines only, this standard can be used as a basis for multi-stage machines where, in general, pressures higher than 150 mbar are achieved. NOTEAll pressures are gauge pressures. All pressure tests are performed with air under ambient conditions. 2 Normative references The following refe
17、renced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. BS EN 953, Safety of machinery Guards General requirements for the
18、design and construction of fixed and movable guards BS EN 1092 (all parts), Flanges and their joints Circular flanges for pipes, valves, fittings and accessories, PN designated BS EN 1515-1, Flanges and their joints Bolting Part 1: Selection of bolting BS EN 10226-1, Pipe threads where pressure tigh
19、t joins are made on the threads Taper external threads and parallel internal threads Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances and designation BS EN 10255, Non-alloy steel tubes suitable for welding or threading Technical delivery conditions Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank Univer
20、sity, Mon Jul 16 04:19:57 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8487:2007 2 BSI 2007 BS EN 60529, Specification for degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) BS EN 60730-1, Automatic electrical controls for household and similar use Part 1: General requirements BS EN ISO 228 (bo
21、th parts), Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads BS EN ISO 10380:2003, Pipework Corrugated metal hoses and hose assemblies BS ISO 1940-1, Mechanical vibration Balance quality requirements for rotors in a constant (rigid) state Part 1: Specification and verification of
22、balance tolerances 3 Materials and components 3.1General All materials used in the construction of the machine shall be suitable for their intended application and purpose, and shall not be liable to deterioration likely to cause a hazard within the intended design life of the machine. All component
23、s shall be subject to defined quality control procedures; all castings shall be of good quality with no inclusions or porosity exceeding recognized good standards of engineering. 3.2Design life The machine shall be designed to have a life of at least 20 000 hours running and at least 3 years elapsed
24、 time. NOTEMaintenance in accordance with the manufacturers instructions is permitted during this period. 3.3Mechanical strength The mechanical strength of the machine shall be: a)capable of containing 150% of the machines maximum declared outlet pressure; b)suitable for the intended application; c)
25、such that, when tested in accordance with Annex A, the vibrations in use do not lead to fatigue failure of the booster base plate or any integral castings during their declared design life; d)such that the casing remains gas-tight in the event of failure of the rotating elements. NOTE 1 This may be
26、demonstrated by deliberately generating failure of the impeller blades. NOTE 2 A casing is that part of the machine forming a gasway and which normally contains the impeller and its drive shaft, seals and bearings. In a high-speed indirect drive machine it is typically of aluminium or cast iron. NOT
27、E 3 Pressure tests are performed at 150% maximum working pressure for 5 minutes on air, ensuring a maximum leakage rate of 100 cm3/h. The inlet and outlet connections shall conform to 12.2. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jul 16 04:19:57 GMT+00:00 2007,
28、 Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 20073 BS 8487:2007 3.4Gas soundness When tested for external gas soundness with air by pressurizing the machine to 150% of maximum working pressure, ensuring a maximum leakage rate of 100 cm3/h when tested on air, the machine shall be gas-tight. Parts of the housing w
29、hich directly or indirectly separate a gas-carrying compartment from atmosphere shall either be made from metallic materials, or shall be such that, on removal or fracture of non-metallic parts other than O-rings, gaskets, seals and diaphragms, no more than 30 dm3/h escapes at 150% maximum working p
30、ressure when tested with air. NOTEIt may be permissible to ventilate any leakage within a bearing housing to an external safe location if shown as part of the installation instructions. 4 Impeller and drive train All components shall be designed to withstand the forces likely to be encountered in no
31、rmal service, including cyclic loading which can cause fatigue damage see 3.3c). The security of any drive shaft shall be consistent with good engineering practice to ensure that the machine is capable of operating under intermittent or continuous use. NOTE 1The use of pinch bolts/grub screws on fla
32、t parts of shafts is not an acceptable method of securing an impeller or pulley wheel, if fitted. The impellers and drive spindles shall be balanced in accordance with BS ISO 1940-1. NOTE 2For high speed indirectly driven machines, level G6.3 may be appropriate. The impeller housing, any drive shaft
33、 and any drive wheel shall be matched in accordance with BS ISO 1940-1, taking account of temperature changes during normal use and any effect these might have on the tolerances. Impeller shafts shall be designed to ensure that it is not possible to locate the impeller assembly incorrectly during ma
34、intenance or replacement. The impeller assembly, and drive pulley wheel if fitted, shall be securely located on the shaft such that movement is not possible from its correct location, e.g. by securing nuts and keyed fixings. When the machine is operated in the range of 5% to 100% flow within its des
35、ign pressure lift envelope: a)the machine shall have an outlet pressure that is stable within 5% of the outlet pressure at its point of greatest instability; NOTEThe use of anti-surge loops is permissible if specified in the installation instructions or included with the machine. b)there shall be no
36、 noticeable audible surging; c)any drillings, tappings or gasways within any casting shall not cause potential positions of weakness that might lead to failure (this includes fixing bolts and balancing methods); d)fixings shall not become loose within the gasways leading to, and in close proximity w
37、ith, the impeller assembly such that they could cause damage that might lead to failure of the assembly or the pressure casings. The output performance of the machine shall be of an anti-surging design. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jul 16 04:19:57 GM
38、T+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8487:2007 4 BSI 2007 5 Shaft seals The shaft seals selected for use in the machine shall: a)be suitable for the applicable gas, the operating temperatures, the pressures and the control of gas leakage; b)have a design operating life of 20 000 hours; c)when
39、 the machine is installed according to the manufacturers installation instructions and operated for two hours under no-flow conditions in an ambient temperature of 20 5 C, be able to operate continuously at a design temperature of not less than 80 C. The shaft seal assembly shall be designed to limi
40、t the amount of gas leakage into the space surrounding the booster. This shall be tested by operating the machine under normal conditions for two hours and then testing for external gas soundness with air by pressurizing the machine to 150% of maximum working pressure ensuring a maximum leakage rate
41、 of 100 cm3/h. 6 Bearings Bearings selected for use in the machine shall: a)be suitable for the applicable gas, the operating temperatures, the pressures and the control of gas leakage; b)have a design operating life of 20 000 hours; c)when the machine is installed according to the manufacturers ins
42、tallation instructions and operated for two hours under no-flow conditions in an ambient temperature of 20 5 C, be able to operate continuously at a design temperature of not less than 80 C. 7 Temperature limitations When the machine is installed according to the manufacturers installation instructi
43、ons and operated for two hours under no-flow conditions in an ambient temperature of 20 5 C: a)the temperature of the bearings and shaft seals shall not exceed their manufacturers recommendations; and b)the temperature of the casings immediately adjacent to the bearings and shaft seals shall not exc
44、eed 80% of their design maximum temperature expressed in C, unless a suitable device is fitted to cause the machine to proceed to non-volatile lockout at a casing temperature of not more than 80% of the maximum temperature expressed in C. NOTENon-volatile lock-out is the safety shut-down of the syst
45、em, such that a re-start can only be accomplished by a manual reset of the system and by no other means. 8 Guarding The machine shall be suitably guarded in accordance with BS EN 953. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jul 16 04:19:57 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncon
46、trolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 20075 BS 8487:2007 9 Controls The machine shall be fitted with a low-pressure switch to be installed on its inlet, and wired such that non-volatile lockout occurs on failure under a low inlet pressure condition, or the installation instructions shall specify that such a swi
47、tch be installed see Clause 14b). The machine shall incorporate a visual means of indicating operation, e.g. a running lamp on a local control device/panel. 10 Electrical circuit The electrical circuit and components of the machine shall conform to BS EN 60730-1. All metallic parts of the machine sh
48、all be electrically continuous. An earth bond connection shall be provided for bonding to earth or the adjacent pipework. The electrical earth circuit shall not depend upon the flexible gas connections. 11 Motor drive The design of the drive shall be such that the design loadings of the bearings and
49、 the seal assemblies are not exceeded. The machine shall satisfy its design performance curve at declared voltage 5%. It shall continue to operate safely with a voltage of +10% and 15% of its declared voltage range. The degree of protection shall at least meet IP54 of BS EN 60529. Where an indirect drive is used, means shall be provided to facilitate adjustment of belt tension. Access to such means shall require the use of commonly available tools (see also Note 2 to Clau
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