《BS-EN-13445-1-2002.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《BS-EN-13445-1-2002.pdf(16页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13445-1:2002 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Unfired pressure vessels Part 1: General The European Standard EN 13445-1:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICS 23.020.30 ? BS EN 13445-1:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineerin
2、g Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 20 June 2002 BSI 26 November 2003 ISBN 0 580 39854 4 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13445-1:2002, including corrigendum
3、July 2003. CEN letter of correction July 2003 reissued pp 3 and 7. When the reference to this European Standard has been published in the Official Journal of the European Communities (OJ), compliance with it will confer a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements covered by the stand
4、ard in respect of the Pressure Equipment Directive (97/23/EC). The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PVE/1, Pressure vessels, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cro
5、ss-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of
6、 British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of this publication are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to
7、understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document com
8、prises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 13 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments 14674 Corrigendum No. 1 26 November 2003Implement
9、ation of CEN letter of correction July 2003 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13445-1 May 2002 ICS 23.020.30 English version Unfired pressure vessels - Part 1: General Rcipients sous pression non soumis la flamme - Partie 1: Gnralits Unbefeuerte Druckbehlter - Teil 1: Allgemeines
10、This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 May 2002. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical referen
11、ces concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into i
12、ts own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
13、 Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nati
14、onal Members. Ref. No. EN 13445-1:2002 E EN 13445-1:2002 (E) Issue 1 (2002-05) 2 Contents Foreword3 Introduction.4 1 Scope 7 1.1 General7 1.2 Exclusions7 2 Normative references8 3 Terms and definitions .8 4 Quantities, symbols and units10 ANNEX ZA(Informative) Clauses of this European Standard addre
15、ssing essential requirements or other provisions of EU Directives12 Bibliography13 EN 13445-1:2002 (E) Issue 7 (2003-07) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13445-1:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired pressure vessels“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European St
16、andard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by
17、 the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This European Standard concerning “Unfired pressure vessels” comprise
18、s the following Parts: Part 1: General. Part 2: Materials. Part 3: Design. Part 4: Fabrication. Part 5: Inspection and testing. Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron. CR 13445-7, Unfired pressure vess
19、els - Part 7: Guidance on the use of conformity assessment procedures. Although these Parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognised that the Parts are inter-dependant. As such the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels requires the application of all the relevant Parts in order for the
20、requirements of the Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled. Corrections to the standard interpretations where several options seem possible are conducted through the Migration Help Desk (MHD). The Help Desk can be found at www.unm.asso.fr/en13445en which includes a downloadable form for questions a
21、nd instructions on how to submit a question. After subject experts have agreed an answer, the answer will be communicated to the questioner. Corrected pages will be given a specific issue number and issued by CEN according to CEN rules. Interpretation sheets will be posted on the website. According
22、to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portug
23、al, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 13445-1:2002 (E) Issue 1 (2002-05) 4 Introduction EN 13445 specifies the requirements for design, construction, inspection and testing of unfired pressure vessels. It defines terms, definitions and symbols applicable to unfired pressure vesse
24、ls. NOTE In EN 13445 the term pressure vessel includes the welded attachments up to and including the nozzle flanges, screwed or welded connections, or the edge to be welded at the first circumferential weld at connecting piping or other elements. The term unfired excludes vessels that are subject t
25、o direct generated heat or flame impingement from a fired process. This does not exclude vessels subject to electrical heating or heated process streams. In Parts 1 to 5 only pressure vessels manufactured from steels and steel castings as detailed in Part 2 of this standard are covered. Part 6 speci
26、fically deals with spheroidal graphite cast iron and special considerations apply. Part 1 This Part outlines the basic principles underpinning the standard. The manufacturer is required to declare that the technical design specification and the supporting documentation are in compliance with the req
27、uirements of this standard. Unforeseen factors may arise that require design modifications and/or manufacturing concessions. These need to be handled with the same rigour as the original design. Part 2 This Part deals with the general philosophy on materials, material grouping and low temperature be
28、haviour in relation to Room Temperature performance. It is limited to steel with sufficient ductility and excludes at present materials operating in the creep range. Part 2 provides the general requirements for establishing technical delivery conditions. Furthermore Part 2 includes the requirements
29、for marking. Four annexes give further details. The normative Annex A includes the material grouping system, which is in accordance with CR ISO 15608:2000. This system is used throughout the whole standard. Furthermore Annex A adds a list of all those material grades based upon European base materia
30、l standards which are accepted to be used for unfired pressure vessels made to this standard The normative Annex B gives the necessary information on the requirements for the prevention of brittle fracture in the base material and the welds. Two methods based upon a code of practice developed from f
31、racture mechanics are covered. The informative Annex C gives information on technical delivery conditions for clad products. Annex D gives an informative survey on European base material and component standards and their systematic nomenclature. Part 3 This Part of this standard gives the rules to b
32、e used for design and calculation under internal and/or external pressure (as applicable) of pressure bearing components of Pressure Vessels, such as shells of various shapes, flat walls, flanges, heat exchanger tubesheets, including the calculation of reinforcement of openings. Rules are also given
33、 for components subject to local loads and to actions other than pressure. EN 13445-1:2002 (E) Issue 1 (2002-05) 5 For all these components the DBF (Design by Formulae) method is generally followed, i.e. appropriate formulae are given in order to find stresses which have to be limited to safe values
34、. These formulae are generally intended for predominantly non-cyclic loads, which means for a number of full pressure cycles not exceeding 500. However general prescriptions are also given for DBA (Design by Analysis) which can be used either to evaluate component designs or loading situations for w
35、hich a DBF method is not provided, or, more generally, as an alternative to DBF. Methods are also given where a fatigue evaluation is required, due to a number of load cycles being greater than 500. There are two alternative methods: a simplified method based on DBF (valid only in case of pressure v
36、ariations) and a more sophisticated method based on a detailed determination of total stresses using, for example, FEM or experimental methods. This can be used also in the case of variable loads other than pressure. For certain components (such as flanges and tubesheets) also an alternative DBF met
37、hod (based on limit analysis) has been provided; the choice of which method has to be used in each particular case is left to the Designer. For the time being, the scope of Part 3 is limited to steel components working at temperatures lower than the creep range of the specific material concerned. Pa
38、rt 4 The philosophy in Part 4 is based on existing good practice in current European Standards, manufacturing and sub-contracting, material traceability, tolerances, welding procedures and qualification, production testing, forming, post weld heat treatment and repairs for steel constructions. Part
39、4 is not applicable for Part 6 which has separate and different requirements regarding manufacturing. Part 5 This Part covers all those inspection and testing activities associated with the verification of the pressure vessel for compliance with the standard. Inspection activities include design rev
40、iew by the manufacturer and supporting technical documentation. . Numerous inspection activities, in addition to the Non Destructive Testing (NDT) are described including document control, material traceability, joint preparation and welding. The requirements for testing are predominantly related to
41、 individually designed single vessels. However, Annex A provides a procedure for serially produced pressure vessels. The level of testing is driven by the selection of the vessel testing group. Basically, the testing group determines the level of NDT and the joint coefficient used in the design. The
42、re are four testing groups which are designed to give the same safety by a combination of several factors. Testing groups take into consideration manufacturing difficulties associated with different groups of steels, maximum permitted thickness, welding processes, service temperature range and the t
43、hickness by means of the joint coefficient of the governing joint. (i.e. the full penetration butt joint that, as a result of the weld joint coefficient, governs the thickness of the component). EN 13445-1:2002 (E) Issue 1 (2002-05) 6 The testing groups are numbered from 1 to 4 in decreasing levels
44、of NDT. However, it was necessary to subdivide testing groups 1, 2 and 3 into subgroups 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, and 3b in order to reflect the better behaviour to crack sensitivity of easy to weld steels of groups 1.1, 1.2 and 8.1. A single testing group is normally applied to the entire vessel. However
45、, provided specific requirements are met, a combination of testing groups is permitted. In terms of NDT, the overall philosophy has been the general adoption of ISO/DIS 5817:2000 quality level C for predominantly non-cyclic loaded vessels and level B for vessels subject to cyclic loadings. Part 6 Th
46、is Part specifies that the manufacturer shall select a testing factor of 0,8 (visual inspection only) or 0,9 (NDT inspection) when a cast pressure vessel or cast part is designed for pressure up to 50 bar and a maximum temperature of 300 C. For component the DBF method is generally followed. Appropr
47、iate formulae are given in order that the stresses be limited to safe values. These formulae are generally intended for predominantly static loads, which means for a number of load cycles not exceeding 200 000 in the case of spheroidal graphite cast iron. Calculation of minimum wall thickness is dea
48、lt with by Part 3 except for design stresses which are given in Part 6. A method for design by experiment up to 6 000 barl without calculation is given. Material requirements are as in Part 2 except for the tables in Part 6. Inspection and testing requirements are as in Part 5 except requirements fo
49、r castings and test pressure. Interaction between good design and good workmanship is so important for cast vessels that special requirements are laid down in this Part. Annex A is informative for the determination of burst pressure and wall thickness minimum requirements. EN 13445-1:2002 (E) Issue 7 (2003-07) 7 1 Scope 1.1 General This Part of this European Standard defines the terms, definitions, symbols and units that are used throughout the EN 13445. This Part of EN 13
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-3737441.html