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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 8103-1: 1995 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Structural design of low-rise buildings Part 1: Code of practice for stability, site investigation, foundations and ground floor slabs for housing Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:4
2、1:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8103-1:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1995 BSI 12-1998 First
3、 published March 1986 Second edition September 1995 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/204 Draft for comment 88/11563 DC ISBN 0 580 23340 5 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to
4、Technical Committee B/204, Structural design of low-rise buildings, upon which the following bodies were represented: Building Employers Confederation Chartered Institute of Building Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of the En
5、vironment (Construction Directorate) Federation of Master Builders House Builders Federation Institute of Building Control Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers National Council of Building Material Producers National House-Building Council Royal Institute of British Arc
6、hitects Scottish Office (Building Directorate) The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Association of Lightweight Aggregate Manufacturers Brick Development Association Council of the Forest Industries of British Columbia Amendment
7、s issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments 8980November 1995 Indicated by a sideline in the margin Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:41:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8103-1:1995 BSI 12-1998i Contents Page Committees respo
8、nsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2References1 3Definitions1 4Symbols2 5Stability and connections between elements2 6Site investigation17 7Foundations18 8Ground floor slabs26 Figure 1 Plan form and construction of the ground floor box to give stability3 Figure 2 Diagram illustrating the ac
9、tion of wind forces4 Figure 3 Walls with a difference in level on opposite sides5 Figure 4 Building shape6 Figure 5 Maximum height of building6 Figure 6 Measurement of storey height of walls in metres7 Figure 7 Basic wind speed8 Figure 8 Diagram of a house showing location and type of connections ne
10、cessary between elements10 Figure 9 Timber floor bearing on to wall12 Figure 10 Timber floor spanning parallel with a wall13 Figure 11 Timber floor supported on standard joist hanger14 Figure 12 Concrete suspended floor bearing on to wall14 Figure 13 Concrete suspended floor abutting wall15 Figure 1
11、4 Precast concrete beam and block type floor abutting or spanning on to wall15 Figure 15 Tying of pitched roofs to gable walls16 Figure 16 Pitched or flat roof bearing on to a wallplate17 Figure 17 Types of foundation19 Figure 18 Foundation adjoining a trench24 Figure 19 Thickness of foundations24 F
12、igure 20 Stepped foundations25 Figure 21 Position of walls on foundations25 Figure 22 Foundations to walls with projections26 Figure 23 In situ concrete ground-supported slab26 Table 1 Maximum heights of buildings on normal level sites9 Table 2 Maximum heights of buildings on steeply sloping sites9
13、Table 3 Concrete mixes suitable for unreinforced concrete in strip footings and trench fill foundations subject to sulfates in the ground or groundwater20 Table 4 Wall load categories for 4.5 m floors and 9 m roofs20 Table 5 Wall load categories for 6 m floors and 12 m roofs21 Table 6 Wall load cate
14、gories for internal wall foundations22 Table 7 Identification of ground material and minimum foundation widths for wall load categories23 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:41:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Co
15、py, (c) BSI BS 8103-1:1995 ii BSI 12-1998 Foreword This Part of BS 8103 has been prepared under the direction of Technical Committee B/204, Structural design of low-rise buildings. BS 8103 will be published in four Parts: Part 1: Code of practice for stability, site investigation, foundations and gr
16、ound floor slabs for housing; Part 2: Code of practice for masonry walls for housing; Part 3: Code of practice for timber floors and roofs for housing (in preparation); Part 4: Code of practice for suspended concrete floors for housing. to allow detailed consultation with other BSI Technical Committ
17、ees responsible for the structural use of materials. However, it is the intention to combine these Parts into a single document in due course. This standard is a revision of BS 8103-1:1986 which is withdrawn. It modifies the scope and limitations so that they are similar to Section 1 of the Approved
18、 Document A1/2. In particular, maximum clear spans for roofs and floors have been raised from 9 m and 4.5 m to 12 m and 6 m respectively. A large proportion of the national building programme is concerned with new housing and alterations in both the public and private sectors where traditional metho
19、ds of construction are used for the majority of houses and it is to these that this Part of BS 8103 is applicable. However, when such dwellings are certified by organizations such as the National House Building Council, reference should in addition be made to the appropriate documents published by t
20、hese bodies. It is assumed that this standard will be used by those with expertise in building construction but not necessarily in structural engineering design. Houses constructed within the limitations stated in the relevant clauses will not require additional specialist advice. For any conditions
21、 outside the limitations of this standard appropriate specialist advice has to be obtained. Where foundations other than those given in item h) of clause 1 have been designed by suitably qualified persons, the remainder of the building may be constructed in accordance with the relevant clauses of th
22、is standard. When using this standard, it is important to ensure that the overall stability of the house is achieved, and that the work of any specialist engaged is properly coordinated. The situations included in this standard which require the consultation of suitably qualified persons are identif
23、ied in the clauses to which they relate. All drawings in this document only show structural details. Other details, e.g. damp proof courses (d.p.cs), are not included. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsibl
24、e for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 26, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been u
25、pdated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:41:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8103-1:1995 BSI
26、12-19981 1 Scope This Part of BS 8103 gives recommendations for the structural design of low-rise housing and covers the stability of the structure, site investigation and foundations and ground floor slabs used in the construction. Foundations comprising strip footings or trench fill founded in nor
27、mal ground are the only type described. Low-rise housing comprises detached, semi-detached and terraced houses and flats (with not more than four self-contained dwelling units per floor accessible from one staircase), of not more than three storeys above ground intended for domestic occupation and o
28、f traditional masonry construction with timber roofs and floors of timber or concrete. For the purposes of this standard additional habitable accommodation in the roof space constitutes a storey of the house. The recommendations also apply to certain single storey, non-residential buildings, e.g. do
29、mestic garages and annexes to residential buildings with a floor area not exceeding 36 m2. This standard does not include the design of basements, but providing the basement is of one level only and is designed to provide a firm platform at ground level the provisions of this standard may apply to t
30、he superstructure. Proprietary housing systems, and houses of timber, steel or concrete framed construction are not covered by this standard. The structural design recommendations described in this standard are not specifically intended to cover other considerations such as fire resistance, thermal
31、and sound insulation, resistance to damp penetration and durability. Reference should be made to other appropriate British Standards and statutory regulations and their supporting technical documents (e.g. BS 5628-3:1985 and the appropriate Approved Documents to the Building Regulations) for these a
32、nd other matters. In using this standard the following limitations apply: a) roof: maximum clear span 12.0 m; b) floor: maximum clear span 6.0 m; c) design wind speed: not exceeding 44 m/s (see 5.3); d) no part of wall or roof higher than 15 m above lowest adjacent ground level; e) storey height: ma
33、ximum 2.7 m; f) maximum clear length of a loadbearing wall between vertical lateral supports of 9.0 m; g) maximum length of any opening in loadbearing walls: 3.0 m; h) only strip footings or trench fill foundations in normal ground conditions (see 7.1). Where foundations other than those given in it
34、em h) have been designed by suitably qualified persons, the remainder of the building may be constructed in accordance with the relevant clauses of this standard. 2 References 2.1 Normative references This Part of BS 8103 incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publication
35、s. These normative references are made at the appropriate places in the text and the cited publications are listed on the inside back cover. For dated references, only the edition cited applies; any subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, the cited publication apply to this Part of BS 8103 only w
36、hen incorporated in it by updating or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the cited publication applies, together with any amendments. 2.2 Informative references This Part of BS 8103 refers to other publications that provide information or guidance. Editions of these publications
37、 current at the time of issue of this standard are listed on the inside back cover, but reference should be made to the latest editions. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Part of BS 8103, the following definitions apply. 3.1 buttress section of wall or pier bonded or securely tied to an adjacen
38、t wall providing support against lateral forces acting on the wall 3.2 cavity space between two leaves of a cavity wall 3.3 cavity wall two parallel single-leaf walls spaced at least 50 mm apart and effectively tied together with wall ties 3.4 foundation that part of a structure in direct contact wi
39、th and transmitting loads to the ground 3.5 foundation depth distance between the finished external ground level and the underside of the concrete in strip footings or trench fill construction Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:41:52 GMT+00:00 20
40、06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8103-1:1995 2 BSI 12-1998 3.6 ground-supported slab concrete slab constructed directly on and supported by the ground to receive material forming or supporting the wearing surface 3.7 hoggin inert natural mixture usually consisting of gravel, sand and clay 3.8 loadb
41、earing wall wall that carries vertical and/or lateral loads in addition to its self weight 3.9 masonry assemblage of structural units that are bonded or solidly put together with mortar 3.10 nogging solid piece of timber between timber members to provide support for an attachment point 3.11 pier int
42、egral thickened section located in a wall 3.12 separating wall wall between two buildings that is common to both 3.13 storey height the underside to underside distance between floors or between a floor and roof or in the case of a ground storey the distance between the top of the ground floor and th
43、e underside of the floor above 3.14 strip footing bed of concrete laid in the bottom of a trench, its thickness being less than its width, that forms a strip foundation to carry a masonry wall 3.15 trench fill deep bed of concrete filling a trench that forms a strip foundations to carry a masonry wa
44、ll 4 Symbols For the purposes of this Part of BS 8103, the following symbols apply: 5 Stability and connections between elements 5.1 Stability considerations This Part of BS 8103 together with BS 8103-2, BS 8103-31) and BS 8103-4 gives recommendations on the sizing of individual elements of a house:
45、 foundations, walls, floors and roof in relation to the forces acting on them due to dead and imposed loading. In order to provide overall stability of the structure in relation to any likely loading condition it is essential for these elements to be properly joined together. When considering the pl
46、an form of the building it is essential that the external walls interact to form the sides of a rigid box completed by the floors and roof as shown in Figure 1 for the ground floor. In these forms of construction bracing in the planes of the roof is a necessary contribution to the overall stability.
47、 aretained height of ground; ddepth of fill material; h1height of main building measured to the highest part of the wall or roof; h2height of wing or annexe measured to the highest part of the wall or roof; llength of wall to wing or annexe; p1projection of wing extending for more than one storey; p
48、2projection of single storey wing or annexe; psfprojection of strip footing beyond face of supported wall; sstep height in foundations; toverall thickness of wall; t1thickness of leaf 1 of cavity wall; t2thickness of leaf 2 of cavity wall; tsfthickness of strip footing; ttfthickness of trench fill;
49、w1width of wall to main building; w2width of wall to single storey wing or annexe; w3width of wall to a wing extending for more than one storey. 1) In preparation Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 05:41:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 8103-1:1995 BSI 12-19983 Internal masonry walls should be connected so as to interact with external walls and brace the structure. Internal lightweight partitions should also be connected so that they contribute
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