BS-8723-4-2007.pdf
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1、BS 8723-4:2007 Structured vocabularies for information retrieval Guide Part 4: Interoperability between vocabularies ICS 01.140.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided
2、by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 20:10:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Publishing and copyright information The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the do
3、cument was last issued. ISBN 978 0 580 63073 6 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference IDT/2/2 Draft for comment 07/30094123 DC Publication history First published December 2007 Amendments issued since publication Amd. no.DateText affected C130 May 2008C
4、orrections to formatting of examples in 6.3.1, 6.4.2 and A.4.1 BS 8723-4:2007 BSI 2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 20:10:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted witho
5、ut license from IHS -,-,- i BS 8723-4:2007 Contents Foreword ii Introduction 1 1Scope 2 2Normative references 2 3Definitions, symbols, abbreviations and other conventions 2 3.1Definitions 2 3.2Symbols, abbreviations and other conventions 4 4Structural models for interoperability across vocabularies
6、5 4.1General 5 4.2Model 1: Structural unity 6 4.3Model 2: Non-equivalent pairs 6 4.4Model 3: Backbone structure 7 4.5Application of different scenarios 8 5Mapping applications in context 9 5.1General 9 5.2The effect of different vocabulary types 9 5.3Establishing mappings for index terms 10 5.4Mappi
7、ng of search terms 11 5.5Combinations of terms 12 5.6Treatment of pre-coordinated strings 13 5.7Automatic mapping versus human mediation 15 6Relationships and mappings across vocabularies and languages 16 6.1Types of relationship 16 6.2Degrees of equivalence 16 6.3Equivalence between languages withi
8、n a multilingual thesaurus 18 6.4Mappings across structurally different vocabularies 19 7Establishing equivalence for structurally different vocabularies 22 7.1General 22 7.2Accepting a near-match 22 7.3One-to-many cross-vocabulary equivalence 22 7.4Many-to-one mappings 23 8Establishing equivalence
9、between languages in a multilingual thesaurus 24 8.1General 24 8.2Accepting a near-match 25 8.3Loan terms 25 8.4Coined terms 26 9Managing mappings and other relationship data 27 9.1Management within one system 27 9.2Management within two or more separate systems 27 9.3Management external to the sour
10、ce and target vocabulary systems 27 10Display of mapped vocabularies 28 10.1 General 28 10.2 Single record display 28 10.3 Multilingual thesaurus displays 29 10.4 Displays of mappings between structurally different vocabularies 35 10.5 Language and character encoding issues 36 BSI 2008 Copyright Bri
11、tish Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 20:10:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- BS 8723-4:2007 ii 11Mapping system functionality 39 11.1 General 39 11.2 S
12、witching or augmentation of index terms, notations or captions 39 11.3 Switching of search terms 39 11.4 Expansion of search terms 40 12Management of projects for mapping vocabularies and languages 40 12.1 General 40 12.2 Structural considerations 40 12.3 Resources for multilingual projects 41 Annex
13、es Annex A (informative) Practical examples encountered during preparation of a multilingual thesaurus 42 Bibliography 51 Index (BS 8723-4) 53 List of figures Figure 1 Model 2 (non-equivalent pairs) as applied to four vocabularies 7 Figure 2 Model 3 (backbone model) as applied to four vocabularies 7
14、 Figure 3 Single record display in a bilingual thesaurus (English Spanish) 28 Figure 4 Single record display in a bilingual thesaurus (Spanish English) 29 Figure 5 Alphabetical display for a bilingual thesaurus 30 Figure 6 Alternative layout of entries in an alphabetical display 31 Figure 7 Hierarch
15、ical display for a bilingual thesaurus 32 Figure 8 Correspondence table for a bilingual thesaurus (English Spanish) 33 Figure 9 Correspondence table for a bilingual thesaurus (Spanish English) 34 Figure 10 Alphabetical display with mappings to two other vocabularies 35 List of tables Table 1 Tags an
16、d their equivalents in other languages 5 Table 2 Additional abbreviations and symbols used in mappings 5 Table 3 Elements used to represent concepts 10 Table 4 Mapping of index terms 11 Table 5 Mapping of search terms 12 Table 6 Two different styles of mapping (mappings from one source vocabulary to
17、 two target vocabularies are shown) 20 Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 55 and a back cover. BSI 2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/59107700
18、01 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 20:10:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- iii BS 8723-4:2007 Foreword Publishing information This part of BS 8723 is published by BSI and came into effect on 31 December 2007. It was prepared by Subcommittee IDT/2/2, Information
19、description, source identification and indexing, under the authority of Technical Committee IDT/2, Information and documentation. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Supersession This part of BS 8723 supersedes BS 6723:1985, which is wit
20、hdrawn. Relationship with other publications BS 8723 comprises five parts: Part 1: Definitions, symbols and abbreviations; Part 2: Thesauri; Part 3: Vocabularies other than thesauri; Part 4: Interoperability between vocabularies; Part 5: Exchange formats and protocols for interoperability1). Part 1
21、covers definitions, symbols, abbreviations and other conventions applying to all the parts. Part 2 covers thesauri, designed for situations in which human indexers analyse documents and express their subjects using thesaurus terms, before searchers retrieve the documents with the same vocabulary. Pa
22、rt 3 covers other types of structured vocabulary, especially those used in selecting terms or codes for use in subject metadata. Part 5 sets out the protocols and formats needed for the exchange of vocabulary data. Information about this document BS 8723-4 applies to situations in which more than on
23、e language or vocabulary is in use, but access to all resources is needed through the one vocabulary chosen by the user. It has a wider scope than BS 6723, which was concerned only with multilingual thesauri, i.e. thesauri presented in more than one natural language; and which required all the langu
24、age versions to have equal status. BS 8723-4 covers all of the previous ground and extends the scope to: thesauri in different dialects of one language; different thesauri in a single language; situations where a thesaurus interoperates with one or more different types of structured vocabulary, such
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