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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12173:1999 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 12173:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 71.100.80 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Sodium fluoride Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:35:54 G
3、MT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 June 1999 BSI 06-1999 ISBN 0 580 32119 3 BS EN 12173
4、:1999 National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 12173:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present
5、to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be ob
6、tained on request to its secretary. The United Kingdom voted against the acceptance of this standard at the CEN Formal Vote stage. The principal UK objection was that the requirements for toxic substances in Table 1 are expressed in milligrams per kilogram of the product whereas the results of the d
7、eterminations described in 5.2.3 will be in micrograms per litre of test solution. Additional information Article 8 of the Council of the European Community Directive 80/778/EEC relating to the quality of water intended for human consumption requires Member States to ensure that substances used in t
8、he preparation of drinking water do not cause any contravention of the maximum admissible concentrations prescribed in annex 1 to the Directive. This requirement is given effect in England and Wales by regulation 25 of the Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 1989 (similar provisions apply in Sc
9、otland and Northern Ireland). Regulation 25 makes provision for attaching conditions of use to chemicals which are authorized for use in public water supplies. Details of conditions of use are contained in the Secretary of States List of Approved Products published by the Drinking Water Inspectorate
10、, Floor 2/A1, Ashdown House, 123 Victoria Street, London SW1E 6DE. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence
11、Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself c
12、onfer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 9 and a back cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:35:54 GMT+00:00 20
13、06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national
14、 Members. Ref. No. EN 12173:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 12173 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM September 1998 ICS 71.060.50; 71.100.80 Descriptors: potable water, water treatment, chemical compounds, sodium fluoride, description, phsyical properties, impurities, toxic substances, tests, marking, l
15、abelling, transportation, storage English version Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Sodium fluoride Produits chimiques utilise s pour le traitement de leau destine e a la consommation humaine Fluorure de sodium Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fu r den menschli
16、chen Gebrauch Natriumfluorid This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5th September 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-da
17、te lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
18、 responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembour
19、g, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:35:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 12173:1998 BSI 06-1999 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC
20、 164, Water supply, the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Ma
21、rch 1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, N
22、orway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword2 Introduction3 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Description3 3.1Identification3 3.2Commercial form3 3.3Physical properties3 3.4Chemical properties4 4Purity criteria4 4.1Composition of commercial product4 4.2Imp
23、urities and main by-products4 4.3Toxic substances4 5Test methods4 5.1Sampling4 5.2Analyses4 6Labelling Transportation Storage7 6.1Means of delivery7 6.2Risk and safety labelling according to the EU Directives7 6.3Transportation regulations and labelling7 6.4Marking7 6.5Storage7 Annex A (informative)
24、 General information on sodium fluoride8 Annex B (normative) General rules relating to safety8 Annex C (informative) Bibliography9 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:35:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 12173:1998 BSI 06-1999 1) Chemical Abstracts Service
25、 Registry number. 2) European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. 3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the product covered by this standard: 1) this standard provides no informatio
26、n as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; 2) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in fo
27、rce. 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to sodium fluoride used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics of sodium fluoride and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods of sodium fluoride. It gives information and its use
28、in water treatment. 2 Normative references This present European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subseq
29、uent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and tes
30、t methods. (ISO 3696:1987) ISO 2831, Sodium fluoride for industrial use Determination of water-insoluble matter. ISO 2832, Sodium fluoride for industrial use Determination of moisture content. ISO 2833, Sodium fluoride for industrial use Determination of fluorine content Modified Willard-Winter-meth
31、od. ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use Safety in sampling. ISO 5993, Sodium hydroxide for industrial use Determination of mercury content Flameless atomic absorption spectrometric method. ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling Vocabulary. ISO 6353-1, Reagents
32、 for chemical analysis Part 1 : General test methods ISO 8213, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling techniques Solid chemical products in the form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps. 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name Sodium fluoride. 3.1.2 Synonym or common
33、 name Sodium fluoride. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass 42. 3.1.4 Empirical formula NaF. 3.1.5 Chemical formula NaF. 3.1.6 CAS Registry number1) 7681-49-4. 3.1.7 EINECS reference2) 231-667-8. 3.2 Commercial form Solid (crystals or powder). 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance and odour The product
34、is a colourless, fine crystalline odourless powder or crystals. 3.3.2 Density The particle density of the crystals is 2,8 g/cm3at 20 8C. The bulk density of the product is 0,6 g/cm3to 1,4 g/cm3 at 20 8C. 3.3.3 Solubility The solubility of the product in water is 40 g/l at 20 8C. 3.3.4 Vapour pressur
35、e Not applicable. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa3) The product boils at approximately 1 700 8C. 3.3.6 Crystallization point The product melts at approximately 988 8C. 3.3.7 Specific heat Not known. 3.3.8 Viscosity, dynamic Not applicable. 3.3.9 Critical temperature Not applicable. 3.3.10 Critical pr
36、essure Not applicable. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:35:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 12173:1998 BSI 06-1999 3.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3.4 Chemical properties Sodium fluoride releases hydrogen fluoride when in contact with acids. 4
37、 Purity criteria Limits have been given for impurities and toxic substances where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If a change in the production process or raw materials leads to significant quantities of other impurities
38、 or by-products being present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.1 Composition of commercial product The content of sodium fluoride shall not be less than 98 % (m/m) (NaF). 4.2 Impurities and main by-products The content of water-insoluble matter shall not exceed 0,5 % (m/m). The content of mois
39、ture shall not exceed 0,5 % (m/m). 4.3 Toxic substances NOTEFor the purpose of this standard, toxic substances are those defined in the EU Directive 80/778/EEC of 15 July 1980 (see C.1). The content of toxic substances shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1. Table 1 Toxic substances
40、ParameterLimit mg/kg of commercial product Antimony (Sb)max.1 Arsenic (As)max.5 Cadmium (Cd)max.0,1 Chromium (Cr)max.4 Lead (Pb)max.4 Mercury (Hg)max.0,1 Nickel (Ni)max.4 Selenium (Se)max.1 NOTEPesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cyanides, as listed in EU Directive 80/778/EEC, are no
41、t relevant in sodium fluoride because the raw materials used in the manufacturing are free of them. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling Observe the general recommendations of ISO 3165 and take account of ISO 6206. Prepare the laboratory sample(s) required by the relevant procedure described in ISO 8213. 5.2
42、 Analyses All reagents shall be of a recognized analytical grade and the water used shall conform to the appropriate grade specified in EN ISO 3696. 5.2.1 Main product The percentage by mass of fluorine (C1) % (m/m) shall be determined in accordance with ISO 2833. The sodium fluoride content, C2, ex
43、pressed as percentage by mass % (m/m) is given by the following equation. C2= C13 2,210 1 5.2.2 Impurities 5.2.2.1 Water-insoluble matter The content of insoluble matter shall be determined in accordance with ISO 2831. 5.2.2.2 Moisture The content of moisture shall be determined in accordance with I
44、SO 2832. 5.2.3 Toxic substances 5.2.3.1 General The content of toxic substances as defined in the EU Directive 80/778/EEC shall be determined using the procedures specified in Table 2. 5.2.3.2 Determination of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni) 5.2.3.2.1 General The content of Cd
45、, Cr, Pb and Ni shall be determined in taking account of ISO 6353-1. 5.2.3.2.2 Procedure The elements Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni shall be determined using the standard addition method. The reference solutions shall be made by spiking the sample with the standard solutions, which contain step-wise increasing
46、contents of the elements to be determined. The amount of internal standard to be added can be estimated from a preliminary investigation, determining roughly the metal content of the test sample from simple calibration. The steps in which internal standards have to be added shall be at least as high
47、 as the estimated content of the test sample. Repeat the procedure with all reagents and the same volume of standard solution to be added using water as a blank determination. 5.2.3.2.3 Calculation of results Determine the correlation line by plotting the measured absorbances of the spiked measureme
48、nt solutions in relation to the metal content. The spiked measurement solutions are produced by adding defined quantities of metal to the measurement solution. They contain step-wise increasing contents of the elements to be determined. The concentration of each metal in the test solution is to be r
49、ead by extrapolation of the correlation line to absorbance A = 0 (see Figure 1). Similarly determine the metal concentration of the blank solution (see Figure 2) and subtract from the result obtained for the test solution. Alternatively, the evaluation can be carried out by linear regression. Additional dilution steps shall be compensated in the calculation. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:35:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 EN 12173:1998 BSI 06-1999 Table 2 Procedures f
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