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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 10002-1:2001 Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature The European Standard EN 10002-1:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 77.040.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 10002-1:2001 This
2、 British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 6 September 2001 BSI 6 September 2001 ISBN 0 580 38459 4 National foreword This British Standard is
3、 the official English language version of EN 10002-1:2001. It supersedes BS EN 10002-1:1990 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee ISE/NFE/4, Mechanical testing of metals, to Subcommittee ISE/NFE/4/1, Uniaxial testing of metals, which has the
4、 responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the s
5、ection entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct applicati
6、on. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related inte
7、rnational and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 56, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was
8、 last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 10002-1 July 2001 ICS 77.040.10Supersedes EN 10002-1:1990 English version Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature Matriaux mtalliq
9、ues - Essai de traction - Partie 1: Mthode dessai temprature ambiante Metallische Werkstoffe - Zugversuch - Teil 1: Prfverfahren bei Raumtemperatur This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 May 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the
10、 conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in th
11、ree official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Aus
12、tria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management
13、 Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2001 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 10002-1:2001 E EN 10002-1:2001 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword4 1Scope 5 2Normative references 5 3Principle5 4Definitions.5 5Symbols and
14、designations .8 6Test piece10 6.1Shape and dimensions10 6.2Types.11 6.3Preparation of test pieces.11 7Determination of original cross-sectional area (So).11 8Marking the original gauge length (Lo)12 9Accuracy of testing apparatus .12 10Conditions of testing.12 10.1Method of gripping 12 10.2Test rate
15、12 11Determination of percentage elongation after fracture (A) .13 12Determination of the percentage total elongation at maximum force (Agt).14 13Determination of proof strength, non proportional extension (Rp)14 14Determination of proof strength, total extension (Rt)15 15Method of verification of p
16、ermanent set strength (Rr).15 16Determination of percentage reduction of area (Z)15 17Test report 15 Annex A (informative) Recommendations concerning the use of computer controlled tensile testing machines.28 Annex B (normative) Types of test pieces to be used for thin products : sheets, strips and
17、flats between 0,1 mm and 3 mm thick33 Annex C (normative) Types of test pieces to be used for wire, bars and sections with a diameter or thickness of less than 4 mm.35 Annex D (normative) Types of test pieces to be used for sheets and flats of thickness equal to or greater than 3 mm, and wire, bars
18、and sections of diameter or thickness equal to or greater than 4 mm.36 EN 10002-1:2001 (E) 3 Annex E (normative) Types of test pieces to be used for tubes.39 Annex F (informative) Measuring the percentage elongation after fracture if the specified value is less than 5 % 41 Annex G (informative) Meas
19、urement of percentage elongation after fracture based on subdivision of the original gauge length42 Annex H (informative) Manual method of determination of the percentage total elongation at maximum force for long products such as bars, wire, rods.44 Annex J (informative) Precision of tensile testin
20、g and estimation of the uncertainty of measurement.45 Bibliography56 EN 10002-1:2001 (E) 4 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 1 “Steel - Mechanical testing“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of
21、a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2002. This European Standard supersedes EN 10002-1:1990. The European Standard EN 10002-1 “Metallic materia
22、ls - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test (at ambient temperature)“ was approved by CEN on 27 November 1989. After a first 5 years lifetime, ECISS decided to revise this standard. The revised prEN 10002-1 was discussed during two meetings of ECISS/TC1/SC1 with the participation of 4 CEN member c
23、ountries (Belgium, France, Germany, United Kingdom). EN 10002 was composed of five parts : Part 1 : Method of test (at ambient temperature) Part 2 : Verification of the force measuring system of the tensile testing machines Part 3 : Calibration of force proving instruments used for the verification
24、of uniaxial testing machines Part 4 : Verification of extensometers used in uniaxial testing Part 5 : Method of testing at elevated temperature NOTEPart 2 has been already replaced by EN ISO 7500-1. Parts 3 and 4 will be replaced by corresponding ISO standards. The annexes B, C, D and E are normativ
25、e. The annexes A, F, G, H and J are informative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ire
26、land, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 10002-1:2001 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the method for tensile testing of metallic materials and defines the mechanical properties which can be determined at ambient temp
27、erature. NOTEInformative annex A indicates complementary recommendations for computer controlled testing machines. It is the intention, based on further developments by manufacturers and users that annex A will become normative in the next revision of this standard. 2 Normative references This Europ
28、ean Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications
29、 apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 10002-4, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 4: Verification of extensometers used in uniaxial t
30、esting. EN 20286-2, ISO system of limits and fits - Part 2 : Tables of standard tolerances grades and limits deviations for holes and shafts (ISO 286-2:1988). EN ISO 377, Steel and steel products - Location of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing (ISO 377:1997). EN ISO 2566-1, Steel conver
31、sion of elongation values - Part 1 : Carbon and alloy steels (ISO 2566-1:1984). EN ISO 2566-2, Steel conversion of elongation values - Part 2 : Austenitic steels (ISO 2566-2:1984). EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials - Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/compression testin
32、g machines Verification and calibration of force measuring (ISO 7500-1:1999). 3 Principle The test involves straining a test piece in tension, generally to fracture, for the purpose of determining one or more of the mechanical properties defined in clause 4. The test is carried out at ambient temper
33、ature between 10 C and 35 C, unless otherwise specified. Tests carried out under controlled conditions shall be made at a temperature of 23 C 5 C. 4 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply : 4.1 gauge length (L) length of the cylindr
34、ical or prismatic portion of the test piece on which elongation is measured. In particular, a distinction is made between : 4.1.1 original gauge length (Lo) gauge length before application of force 4.1.2 final gauge length (Lu) gauge length after rupture of the test piece (see 11.1) 4.2 parallel len
35、gth (Lc) parallel portion of the reduced section of the test piece EN 10002-1:2001 (E) 6 NOTEThe concept of parallel length is replaced by the concept of distance between grips for non-machined test pieces. 4.3 elongation increase in the original gauge length (Lo) at any moment during the test 4.4 p
36、ercentage elongation elongation expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length (Lo) 4.4.1 percentage permanent elongation increase in the original gauge length of a test piece after removal of a specified stress (see 4.9), expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length (Lo) 4.4.2 per
37、centage elongation after fracture (A) permanent elongation of the gauge length after fracture (Lu - Lo), expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length (Lo) NOTEIn the case of proportional test pieces, only if the original gauge length is other than 5,65 So 1) where So is the original cross-
38、sectional area of the parallel length, the symbol A should be supplemented by an index indicating the coefficient of proportionality used, for example : A11,3 = percentage elongation of a gauge length (Lo) of 11,3 So. In the case of non-proportional test pieces, the symbol A should be supplemented b
39、y an index indicating the original gauge length used, expressed in millimetres, for example : A80 mm = percentage elongation of a gauge length (Lo) of 80 mm. 4.4.3 percentage total elongation at fracture (At) total elongation (elastic elongation plus plastic elongation) of the gauge length at the mo
40、ment of fracture expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length (Lo) 4.4.4 percentage elongation at maximum force increase in the gauge length of the test piece at maximum force, expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length (Lo) NOTEA distinction is made between the percentage tota
41、l elongation at maximum force (Agt) and the percentage non- proportional elongation at maximum force (Ag) (see Figure 1). 4.5 extensometer gauge length (Le) length of the parallel portion of the test piece used for the measurement of extension by means of an extensometer NOTEIt is recommended that f
42、or measurement of yield and proof strength parameters Le ? Lo/2. It is further recommended that for measurement of parameters “at“ or “after“ maximum force, Le is approximately equal to Lo. 4.6 extension increase in the extensometer gauge length (Le) at a given moment of the test 1) 5,65 So = 5 4So
43、? . EN 10002-1:2001 (E) 7 4.6.1 percentage permanent extension increase in the extensometer gauge length, after removal from the test piece of a specified stress, expressed as a percentage of the extensometer gauge length (Le) 4.6.2 percentage yield point extension (Ae) in discontinuous yielding mat
44、erials, the extension between the start of yielding and the start of uniform work hardening NOTEIt is expressed as a percentage of the extensometer gauge length (Le). 4.7 percentage reduction of area (Z) maximum change in cross-sectional area which has occurred during the test (So - Su) expressed as
45、 a percentage of the original cross-sectional area (So) 4.8 maximum force (Fm) the greatest force which the test piece withstands during the test once the yield point has been passed For materials, without yield point, it is the maximum value during the test. 4.9 stress force at any moment during th
46、e test divided by the original cross-sectional area (So) of the test piece 4.9.1 tensile strength (Rm) stress corresponding to the maximum force (Fm) 4.9.2 yield strength when the metallic material exhibits a yield phenomenon, stress corresponding to the point reached during the test at which plasti
47、c deformation occurs without any increase in the force. A distinction is made between : 4.9.2.1 upper yield strength (ReH) value of stress at the moment when the first decrease in force is observed (see Figure 2) 4.9.2.2 lower yield strength (ReL) lowest value of stress during plastic yielding, igno
48、ring any initial transient effects (see Figure 2) 4.9.3 proof strength, non-proportional extension (Rp) stress at which a non-proportional extension is equal to a specified percentage of the extensometer gauge length (Le) (see Figure 3) NOTEThe symbol used is followed by a suffix giving the prescrib
49、ed percentage, for example : Rp0,2. 4.9.4 proof strength, total extension (Rt) stress at which total extension (elastic extension plus plastic extension) is equal to a specified percentage of the extensometer gauge length (Le) (see Figure 4) NOTEThe symbol used is followed by a suffix giving the prescribed percentage for example : Rt0,5. EN 10002-1:2001 (E) 8 4.9.5 permanent set strength (Rr) stress at which, after removal of force, a specified permanent elongation or extension expressed respectively as a percentage of the original g
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