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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13490:2002 Mechanical vibration Industrial trucks Laboratory evaluation and specification of operator seat vibration The European Standard EN 13490:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 53.060; 13.160 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT L
2、AW BS EN 13490:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 15 January 2002 BSI 15 January 2002 ISBN 0 580 38875 1 National foreword Th
3、is British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13490:2001. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GME/21, Mechanical vibration and shock, to Subcommittee GME/21/6, Human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock, which has the responsibility
4、 to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “I
5、nternational Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance wit
6、h a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and Euro
7、pean developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 21 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since pu
8、blication Amd. No. DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13490 October 2001 ICS 13.160; 53.060 English version Mechanical vibration - Industrial trucks - Laboratory evaluation and specification of operator seat vibration Vibrations mcaniques - Chariots industriels - Evalu
9、ation en laboratoire et spcification des vibrations transmises loprateur par le sige Mechanische Schwingungen - Flurfrderzeuge - Laborverfahren zur Bewertung sowie Spezifikation der Schwingungen des Maschinenfhrersitzes This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 August 2001. CEN members are bo
10、und to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the
11、Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as
12、the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATI
13、ON COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2001 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13490:2001 E EN 13490:2001 (E) Foreword This European Stand
14、ard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 231 “Mechanical vibration and shock“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2002, and c
15、onflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with EC Directive(s)
16、, see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, German
17、y, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Introduction The operators of industrial trucks are often exposed to a low-frequency vibration environment mainly caused by the movement of the vehicles over uneven groun
18、d. The seat constitutes the last stage of suspension before the driver. To be efficient at attenuating the vibration, the suspension seat should be chosen according to the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle. The performance criteria provided in this European Standard have been set in accordance
19、with what is attainable using what is at present the best design practice. They do not necessarily ensure the complete protection of the operator against effects of vibration and shock. They may be revised in the light of future developments and improvements in suspension design. Performance criteri
20、a obtained in accordance with this European Standard may be useful to manufacturers of industrial trucks when selecting seats for possible use in their products. However, to satisfy fully the requirements of the EC Machinery Directive it is important for suppliers of mobile machinery to demonstrate
21、that the seat supplied reduces the vibration in the specified machine to the lowest level that can be reasonably achieved. The test inputs included in this European Standard are based on a very large number of measurements taken in situ on industrial trucks while they were used under severe but typi
22、cal operating conditions. The test method is based on EN 30326-1, which is a general method applicable to seats for different types of vehicles. 1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard is applicable to operator seats used on industrial trucks as defined in ISO 5053:1987 irrespective of power supply, type
23、 of equipment, lifting mechanism and tyres. It also applies to seats for other trucks not covered by ISO 5053:1987, e.g. variable-reach trucks and low- lift order picking trucks. 1.2 This European Standard specifies, in accordance with EN 30326-1, a laboratory method for measuring and evaluating the
24、 effectiveness of the seat suspension in reducing the vertical whole- body vibration transmitted to the operator of industrial trucks at frequencies between 1 Hz and 20 Hz. 2 EN 13490:2001 (E) 1.3 This European Standard defines the input spectral classes required for the following industrial trucks.
25、 Each class defines a group of machines having similar vibration characteristics: Platform trucks, trucks rider-controlled, etc. with wheel mean diameter below 200 mm and high- load non-rubber solid tyres (category 1)1) Reach trucks, articulated trucks, etc. with wheel mean diameter below 450 mm and
26、 high-load non-rubber solid tyres or cylindrical/conical base rubber solid tyres (category 2)1) Straddle trucks, trucks with wheel mean diameter below 645 mm and rubber solid or pneumatic tyres (category 3)1) Straddle trucks, trucks with wheel mean diameter between 645 mm and 900 mm and rubber solid
27、 or pneumatic tyres (category 4a)1) Straddle trucks, trucks with wheel mean diameter between 900 mm and 1200 mm and rubber solid or pneumatic tyres (category 4b)1) Trucks with wheel mean diameter between 1200 mm and 2000 mm and rubber solid or pneumatic tyres (category 5)1) All-terrain trucks (categ
28、ory 6)1). 1.4 This European Standard specifies performance criteria to be achieved by seats intended for each of the above-mentioned groups of machines. 1.5 The tests and criteria defined in this European Standard are intended for operator seats used in industrial trucks of conventional design. NOTE
29、 Other tests may be appropriate for machines with design features that result in significantly different vibration characteristics. 1.6 This European Standard is only concerned with the vertical component of whole-body vibration. Vibration which reaches the operator other than through his seat, for
30、example that sensed by his feet on the platform or control pedals or by his hands on the steering-wheel, is not covered. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropria
31、te places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publicati
32、on referred to applies (including amendments). ENV 28041, Human response to vibration Measuring instrumentation (ISO 8041:1990) EN 30326-1:1994, Mechanical vibration Laboratory method for evaluating vehicle seat vibration Part 1: Basic requirements (ISO 10326-1:1992) EN ISO 13090-1, Mechanical vibra
33、tion and shock Guidance on safety aspects of tests and experiments with people Part 1: Exposure to whole-body mechanical vibration and repeated shock (ISO 13090-1:1998) 1) See prEN 13059:1997. 3 EN 13490:2001 (E) ISO 2631-1:1997, Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-b
34、ody vibration Part 1: General requirements ISO 5053:1987, Powered industrial trucks Terminology ISO 5805:1997, Mechanical vibration and shock Human exposure Vocabulary ISO 8041:1990/Amd. 1:1999, Human response to vibration Measuring instrumentation Amendment 1 3 Terms and definitions, symbols and ab
35、breviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5805:1997 and the following apply. 3.1.1 whole-body vibration vibration transmitted to the body as a whole through the buttocks of a seated operator 3.1.2 input spectral class mac
36、hines having similar ride vibration characteristics at the seat attachment point, grouped by virtue of various mechanical characteristics 3.1.3 operator seat that portion of the machine provided for the purpose of supporting the buttocks and back of the seated operator, including any suspension syst
37、em and other mechanisms provided (for example, for adjusting the seat position) 3.1.4 frequency analysis process of arriving at a quantitative description of a vibration amplitude as a function of frequency 3.1.5 measuring period time duration in which vibration data for analysis is obtained 3.2 Sym
38、bols and abbreviations For the purposes of this European Standard, the following symbols and abbreviations apply: aP(fr)unweighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the platform at the resonance frequency a*P12, a*P34unweighted r.m.s. value of the target vertical acceleration at
39、the platform under the seat (see Figure 1) between frequencies f1 and f2, or f3 and f4 aP12, aP34unweighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the platform between frequencies f1 and f2, or f3 and f4 aS(fr)unweighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the seat d
40、isc at the resonance frequency 4 EN 13490:2001 (E) a*wP12, a*wP34 weighted r.m.s. value of the target vertical acceleration at the platform between frequencies f1 and f2, or f3 and f4 awP12weighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the platform between frequencies f1 and f2 awS12
41、weighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the seat disc (see Figure 1) between frequencies f1 and f2 Beresolution bandwidth, Hz EMEarth-moving Machinery ffrequency, Hz frfrequency at resonance GP(f)measured PSD of the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base) G*P(f)target P
42、SD of the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base) G*PL(f)lower limit for the measured PSD of the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base) G*PU(f)upper limit for the measured PSD of the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base) H(fr)transmissibility at resonance HPhigh-pass filter I
43、TIndustrial Truck LPlow-pass filter PSDpower spectral density expressed as acceleration squared per unit bandwidth, (m/s2)2/Hz r.m.s.root mean square SEATSeat Effective Amplitude Transmissibility factor Tssampling time, s. 5 EN 13490:2001 (E) Key 1 Seat backrest 2 Seat pan 3 Accelerometer disc on th
44、e seat pan (S) 4 Seat suspension 5 Platform 6 Accelerometer on the platform (P) 7 Base of the seat Provision shall be made for adjustment of the angles of the knees, the ankles and the backrest (if possible) (see 5.2). Figure 1 Posture of the test person 6 EN 13490:2001 (E) 4 General 4.1 The laborat
45、ory simulated machine vertical vibration, specified as input spectral class, is based on representative measured data from machines in severe but typical working conditions. The input spectral class is a representative envelope for the machines within the class, therefore the laboratory test is more
46、 severe than the typical vibration environment of any specific machine. 4.2 Two criteria are used for the evaluation of seat: a)the Seat Effective Amplitude Transmissibility (SEAT) factor according to EN 30326-1:1994, 9.1, but with frequency weighting according to ISO 2631-1, b)the maximum transmiss
47、ion ratio in the damping test according to EN 30326-1:1994, 9.2. 4.3 The measuring equipment shall be in accordance with ENV 28041 (type 1 instrument) and EN 30326-1:1994, clauses 4 and 5. The frequency weighting shall include the effects of the band limiting filters, and be in accordance with ISO 2
48、631-1 (see ISO 8041:1990/Amd. 1:1999). 4.4 Safety precautions shall be in accordance with EN ISO 13090-1. Any compliant end-stops or devices normally fitted to production versions of the seat to be tested to minimize the effect of suspension overtravel shall be in place for the dynamic tests. 5 Test
49、 conditions and test procedure The test conditions and test procedure shall be in accordance with EN 30326-1:1994, clauses 7 and 8. 5.1 Simulation of vibration See EN 30326-1:1994, clause 5. A platform, the dimensions of which correspond approximately to those of the operators platform of an industrial truck, shall be mounted on a vibrator which is capable of generating vibration along the vertical axis (see Figure 1). 5.2 Test seat The operator seat for the test shall be representative of series-produced models, with regard to cons
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