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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12195-3:2001 Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles Safety Part 3: Lashing chains The European Standard EN 12195-3:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 43.020; 53.080; 55.180.99 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Licensed Copy:
2、sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 12195-3:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15
3、 June 2001 BSI 06-2001 ISBN 0 580 37309 6 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12195-3:2001. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MHE/16, Load restraint assemblies, which has the responsibility to: A list of or
4、ganizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement these international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “Internationa
5、l Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British
6、 Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European develo
7、pments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issu
8、ed since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12195-3 April 2001 ICS 53.080; 55.180.99 English version Load restraint assemblies on road vehicl
9、es - Safety - Part 3: Lashing chains Dispositifs darrimage des charges bord des vhicules routiers - Scurit - Partie 3: Chanes damarrage Ladungssicherungseinrichtungen auf Straenfahrzeugen - Sicherheit - Teil 3: Zurrketten This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 January 2001. CEN members are
10、 bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to t
11、he Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status
12、as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZ
13、ATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2001 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12195-3:2001 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, n
14、a, Sat Oct 28 08:24:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 12195-3:2001 Contents Page Foreword2 Introduction 3 1 Scope. 3 2 Normative references3 3 Terms and definitions4 4 Hazards7 5 Safety requirements 7 6 Verification of safety requirements9 7 Instructions for use 10 8 Marking 10
15、 9 Manufacturers certificate 11 Annex A (normative) Hazards12 Annex B (normative) Specification for information for use and maintenance to be provided by the manufacturer.14 Bibliography.16 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 168 “Chains, ropes, webbing, s
16、lings and accessories - Safety“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
17、 latest by October 2001. The annexes A and B are normative. The Parts of EN 12195 Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles are: Part 1: Calculation of lashing forces Part 2: Web lashings made from man-made fibres Part 3: Lashing chains Part 4: Wire lashing ropes This is the first edition of this P
18、art of EN 12195. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherl
19、ands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 12195-3:2001 Introduction This European Standard has been prepared to provide one means of conforming with t
20、he essential safety requirements on lashing chains in the Common European Market and thus enabling the free movement of goods. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this standard. In addition lashing chains for securing of loads on vehicles should conform as appropriat
21、e to EN 292 for hazards which are not covered by this Standard. 1 Scope This Part of EN 12195 specifies safety requirements for lashing chains and lashing combinations with chain for the safe surface transport of goods on load carriers, e.g. trucks and trailers which are used on roads or located on
22、vessels or on rail waggons and/or combinations thereof. The standard includes only tensioning devices to be hand driven with a maximum handforce of 500 N. It does not give requirements for multi-purpose lever blocks other than to the type of fine tolerance chain and the additional marking of the max
23、imum hand-operating force . This Part of EN 12195 deals with hazards which could occur when lashing chains are in use as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4 and Annex A). 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, p
24、rovisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in
25、it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 292-1:1991 Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2:1991 Safety of machinery Basic concep
26、ts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specifications EN 818-1:1996 Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety Part 1: General conditions of acceptance EN 818-2:1996 Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety Part 2: Medium tolerance chain for chain slings Grade 8 prE
27、N 818-7:1998 Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety Part 7: Fine tolerance chain for hoists, Grade T (Types T, DAT and DT) EN 1677-1 Components for slings Safety Part 1: Forged steel components, Grade 8 EN 1677-2 Components for slings Safety Part 2: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch, Grade
28、 8 EN 1677-4 Components for slings Safety Part 4: Links, Grade 8 prEN 12195-1:2000 Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles Safety Part 1: Calculation of lashing forces prEN 13157:1998 Cranes Safety - Hand powered cranes Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:37 GMT+00:00 200
29、6, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 12195-3:2001 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Part of EN 12195 the following terms and definitions apply. Examples are given in Figure 1. 3.1 load restraint assembly systems and devices for the securing of loads prEN 12195-1:2000. 3.2 lashing e
30、quipment device designed to be attached to the lashing points in order to secure the cargo on a load carrier. The lashing equipment consists of tensioning elements (e.g. webbing, chain, wire rope), tensioning devices (e.g. wrench, ratchet, spanner, tension jack) and connecting components, if require
31、d (e.g. hook, terminal link). 3.3 lashing chain device for securing the load, consisting of a tensioning device and a chain with or without connecting components. 3.4 connection and tensioning device device for connection and tensioning (e.g. spindle loadbinders, multi-purpose lever blocks); see C i
32、n Figure 1. 3.5 combined lashing device for securing a load, consisting of tensioning device and a chain combined with textile webbings or steel wire ropes, with or without connecting components. 3.6 connecting component device between the chain and/or the tensioning device and the lashing point and
33、/or the load. 3.7 tension force indicator device which indicates the force in the lashing system (see E1 in Figure 1). 3.8 lashing point securing device on a load carrier to which a lashing may be directly attached. A lashing point can be for example an oval link, a hook, a D-ring, a lashing rail. 3
34、.9 lashing capacity (LC) maximum force for use in straight pull that a lashing is designed to sustain in use prEN 12195-1:2000. 3.10 breaking force (BF) maximum force that the lashing chain can withstand, when tested in the form of a representative lashing, i.e. complete with load binder and connect
35、ing components. 3.11 tension force force in the lashing chain created by tensioning of the tensioning device. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 EN 12195-3:2001 3.12 standard tension force (STF) residual force after physi
36、cal release of the handle of the tensioning device. 3.13 hand-operating force (HF) force applied to the handle of the tensioning device which creates the tension force in the lashing. 3.14 standard hand force (SHF) residual force at a standard hand force of 500 N or the maximal force at the labelled
37、 hand force given on the tensioning device. 3.15 competent person designated person, suitably trained qualified by knowledge and practical experience and with the necessary instructions to enable the required tests and examinations to be carried out. 3.16 traceability code series of letters and/or n
38、umbers marked on a component which enables its manufacturing history, including identity of the cast steel used, to be traced. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 6 EN 12195-3:2001 AComplete lashing equipment: lashing chainD
39、Connecting components A1MarkingD1Lashing hook D2Terminal link BTensioning element: round steel link chainD3Shackle D4Shortening component CTensioning devicesD5Connecting component C1TurnbuckleD6Damping component C2Short loadbinder/quick loadbinderD7 Combination component C3RatchetE1Tension force ind
40、icator C4Multi-purpose lever blockE2Overload indicator NOTE Only type of chain and marking of the maximum hand operated force are included in scope Figure 1 - Examples of lashing chains, including tensioning devices C and connecting components D Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28
41、 08:24:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 7 EN 12195-3:2001 4 Hazards The general hazards caused by the load or parts of load during improper use of lashing chains or the non use of load securing devices are given in Annex A. Hazards described in the following refer to persons, who c
42、an be endangered directly when handling the lashing chains, e.g. during tensioning and unloading. Hazards shall be evaluated in accordance with EN 292-1:1991. The requirements of clause 5, the test in clause 6 and the users instructions have been harmonized such that chains and tensioning devices co
43、nforming to this European Standard are designed and dimensioned such that the following hazards are taken into account, if they are used in accordance with the manufacturers instructions : a) Hazards of being hit, losing ones balance or falling during application of force, due to defective equipment
44、, sudden breakage or malfunction of the tensioning leading to the sudden absence of the hand reaction force. b) Injuries by pinching and shearing, hand and arm injuries during manipulation of tensioning devices due to sharp edges of the chain and tensioning devices . c) Hazards to the unloading pers
45、onnel due loads having moved during transport, because of inadequate securing, malfunction like recoil or breakage of equipment or defective equipment and then may fall onto the personnel, especially when opening the side-panels. d) Hazards due to wrong combinations made up by the operator. The ergo
46、nomic requirements are taken into account by the fact that the maximum hand force has been defined in 5.2 and clause 7. Some persons, however, are able to apply with both hands or unpermitted levers considerably higher forces. Accordingly reference is made in the users instruction to the hand force
47、having a value of ? 500 N. Table A.1 gives a survey of all hazards and the corresponding requirements. 5 Safety requirements 5.1 Components of a lashing chain 5.1.1 Chain The chain shall conform to EN 818-2:1996 or in multi-purpose lever block complying to prEN 13157:1998 and to prEN 818-7:1998, typ
48、e T. Lashing chains for timber transport (Long timber or round timber) only shall be in accordance with EN 818-2:1996, but with a maximum pitch of 6?dn. The bend deflection f shall be increased in accordance with Table 1. Table 1 - Bend deflection of some nominal sizes dn6 911mm f91316mm Licensed Co
49、py: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 08:24:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 8 EN 12195-3:2001 5.1.2 Connecting components Connecting components shall conform: for type D4, D5 and D7to EN 1677-1 ; for type D1to EN 1677-2 ; for type D2to EN 1677-4. Connecting and shortening components shall have a securing device against working loose. 5.2 Tensioning devices There shall be no sharp edges which may come into contact with the operators hands. On tensioning device operated by hand, the recoil
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