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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1011-6:2005 Welding Recommendation for welding of metallic materials Part 6: Laser beam welding The European Standard EN 1011-6:2005 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.160.10 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:04:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolle
2、d Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 1011-6:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 26 January 2006 BSI 26 January 2006 ISBN 0 580 47723 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 1011-6:2005. The U
3、K participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/-/1, Briefing committee for welding, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement
4、international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not
5、 purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European com
6、mittee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 40,
7、 an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:04:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BS
8、I EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1011-6 December 2005 ICS 25.160.10 English Version Welding - Recommendation for welding of metallic materials - Part 6: Laser beam welding Soudage - Recommandations pour le soudage des matriaux mtalliques - Partie 6: Soudage par faisceau laser S
9、chweien - Empfehlungen zum Schweien metallischer Werkstoffen - Teil 6: Laserstrahlschweien This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 November 2005. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the st
10、atus of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A
11、 version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
12、Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCH
13、ES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1011-6:2005: E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:04:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontr
14、olled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1011-6:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references .6 3 Terms and definitions.6 4 Health and safety and protection of the environment6 5 Quality requirements 6 6 Equipment .7 6.1 General 7 6.2 Provisions for acceptance testing.7 6.3 Provisions for maintenance and
15、 calibration.7 7 Qualification of welding personnel7 8 Welding procedure specification.8 9 Welding procedure test 8 10 Consumables 8 10.1 Filler metals.8 10.2 Gases.8 11 Design9 11.1 Overall design of structure or product9 11.2 Joint design.9 11.3 Joint preparation.9 12 Laser beam welding10 12.1 Cha
16、racteristics10 12.2 Advantages and limitations12 12.3 Assembling and fixtures 13 12.4 Process control.13 12.5 Inspection and testing13 12.6 Imperfections 13 Annex A (informative) Equipment .14 A.1 Description of laser process14 A.2 Laser beam sources .15 A.3 Guiding, shaping and focusing the beam.17
17、 A.4 Devices used to create a relative movement between the laser beam and the work piece 21 A.5 Fixtures used to hold the work piece22 A.6 Cooling systems .22 A.7 Control systems22 Annex B (informative) Laser beam properties23 Annex C (informative) Information about weldability of metallic material
18、s .25 C.1 General 25 C.2 Steels and iron alloys .25 C.3 Nickel alloys26 C.4 Aluminium and magnesium alloys 27 C.5 Copper and its alloys27 C.6 Refractory and reactive metals27 C.7 Titanium and its alloys .27 C.8 Dissimilar metals.28 C.9 Non-metals 28 Annex D (informative) Information about causes of
19、weld imperfections and prevention.29 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:04:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1011-6:2005 (E) 3 Annex E (informative) Beam control and monitoring 31 E.1 General 31 E.2 Focus point31 E.3 Beam alignment and pilot beam coincidence.31
20、E.4 Beam power.32 E.5 Beam power distribution32 E.6 Nozzle alignment.32 E.7 Pulsed beam power data33 E.8 Manipulators, guides etc33 Annex F (informative) Laser beam processing 34 F.1 Laser beam cutting.34 F.2 Laser beam drilling.35 F.3 Laser beam surface treatment.36 F.4 Laser beam cladding characte
21、ristics 37 F.5 Laser beam marking and engraving37 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:04:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1011-6:2005 (E) 4 Foreword This European Standard (EN 1011-6:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding”, the secret
22、ariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2006. This standard is compose
23、d of the following parts: Part 1: General guidance for arc welding; Part 2: Arc welding of ferritic steels; Part 3: Arc welding of stainless steels; Part 4: Arc welding of aluminium and aluminium alloys; Part 5: Welding of clad steel; Part 6: Laser beam welding; Part 7: Electron beam welding; Part 8
24、: Welding of cast irons (prepared by CEN/TC 190). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Gr
25、eece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:04:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1011-6
26、:2005 (E) 5 Introduction This standard is being issued in several parts in order that it can be extended to cover the different types of metallic materials that will be produced to all European Standards for weldable metallic materials. When this European Standard is referenced for contractual purpo
27、ses the ordering authority or contracting parties should state the need for compliance with the relevant parts of this standard and such other annexes as are appropriate. This European Standard gives general guidance for the satisfactory production and control of welding and associated processes and
28、 details of some of the possible detrimental phenomena that can occur, with advice on methods by which they can be avoided. It is generally applicable to laser beam processing of metallic materials and also to some extent for non-metallic materials. It is appropriate regardless of the type of fabric
29、ation involved, although the relevant product standard, structural code or the design specification can have additional requirements. Permissible design stresses, methods of testing and inspection levels are not included because they depend on the service conditions of the fabrication. These details
30、 should be obtained from the relevant application standard or by agreement between the contracting parties. It has been assumed in the drafting of the standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified, experienced and trained personnel. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun
31、sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:04:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1011-6:2005 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard gives general guidance for laser beam welding and associated processes of metallic materials in all forms of product (e.g. cast, wrought, extruded, forged). NOTE Some g
32、uidance on laser beam cutting, drilling, surface treatment and cladding is given in Annex F. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the la
33、test edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3834-2, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials Part 2: Comprehensive quality requirements (ISO 3834-2:2005) EN ISO 3834-5, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials - Part 5:
34、 Documents with which it is necessary to confirm to claim conformity to the quality requirements of ISO 3834-2, ISO 3834-3 or ISO 3834-4 (ISO 3834-5:2005) EN ISO 11145:2001, Optics and optical instruments Lasers and laser-related equipment Vocabulary and symbols (ISO 11145:2001) EN ISO 15609-4, Spec
35、ification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure specification Part 4: Laser beam welding (ISO 15609-4:2004) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 11145:2001 apply. 4 Health and safety a
36、nd protection of the environment A general checklist on protection of the environment in welding and allied processes is in preparation by CEN/TC 121. It will cover laser applications. Laser beam processing introduces additional hazards over and above those normally experienced in arc welding. Speci
37、alist advice should be sought, see e.g. EN 60825-1 and EN ISO 11553-1. Guidance for safety aspects related to the application of industrial robots for manipulation of the focussing devices and/or the components to be welded can be found in EN 775. 5 Quality requirements Laser beam welding is a compl
38、ex process needing detailed process control. All processing is performed under numerical control necessitating programming of each single operation. The application has to be controlled at a level compatible with EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5. NOTE This does not entail a requirement for certificat
39、ion but the process control should operate in accordance with EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:04:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1011-6:2005 (E) 7 It is a condition for efficient process control that quality requirements for
40、 joint geometry and other relevant requirements have been specified prior to start of fabrication. A number of European Standards specify joint geometry and relevant quality criteria and can be used for reference, as appropriate: Table 1 Quality criteria Requirements and tolerances Standard no. Qual
41、ity requirements to beam welded joints EN ISO 13919-1 EN ISO 13919-2 Quality requirements for cut surfaces EN ISO 9013 General tolerances EN ISO 13920 General requirements EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5 specify provisions for information and items to be agreed and specified prior to the start of fa
42、brication. EN 1011-1:1998, Annex A can be used as a guide in case EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5 are not called for. 6 Equipment 6.1 General Information about particular equipment for laser beam processing has to be found in information from the supplier. A number of textbooks and a large number of
43、 articles provide background information. Annex A provides some very general information on principles and techniques. Annex B provides general information on the properties of laser beams. 6.2 Provisions for acceptance testing Provisions for acceptance of laser beam equipment are found in the follo
44、wing standards, see Table 2. Table 2 Provisions for acceptance testing Type of equipment Standard no. CO2 laser beam equipment EN ISO 15616-1, EN ISO 15616-2 and/or EN ISO 15616-3 Nd:YAG laser equipment EN ISO 22827-1, EN ISO 22827-2 6.3 Provisions for maintenance and calibration Provisions for main
45、tenance are not standardised. The suppliers manuals have to be consulted. Principles for calibration, verification and validation and minimum requirements are specified in EN ISO 17662. 7 Qualification of welding personnel The requirements for the qualification of personnel for fully mechanised and
46、automatic welding and allied processes are laid down in EN 1418. Among the different procedures specified in this European Standard, the functional test is particularly suitable as a basis for qualification of personnel responsible for the operation and set-up of laser beam processing. In a function
47、al test, the operator or setter demonstrates his/her knowledge of working with a procedure specification and of setting, supervising and checking the laser beam processing machine. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:04:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1011-6:20
48、05 (E) 8 8 Welding procedure specification All details for the laser beam welding of components are to be recorded in a welding procedure specification (WPS) according to EN ISO 15609-4. Procedure specification for cutting, drilling, surface treatment and cladding are not standardised. EN ISO 15609-
49、4 can, however, give some guidance. 9 Welding procedure test Formal qualification of all procedures for laser processing is recommended for all applications and required for many applications. Qualification of procedures for laser beam welding (when required) can be performed by procedure testing, see EN ISO 15614-11. Qualification by pre-production testing can also be relevant, however, see EN ISO 15613. Qualification by pre-production testing is common practice for c
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