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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1677-4:2000 The Eur
2、opean Standard EN 1677-4:2000 has the status of a British Standard ICS 53.020.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Components for slings Safety Part 4: Links, Grade 8 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:41:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Cop
3、y, (c) BSI This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 December 2000 BSI 12-2000 ISBN 0 580 36743 6 BS EN 1677-4:2000 Amendments issued since publication
4、Amd. No.DateComments National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 1677-4:2000. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MHE/1, Chains and fittings, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; pre
5、sent to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
6、 request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of
7、the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. S
8、ummary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 20, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov
9、17 08:41:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1677-4 October 2000 ICS 53.020.30 English version Components for slings - Safety - Part 4: Links, Grade 8 Accessoires pour lingues - Scurit - Partie 4: Mailles, Classe 8 Einzelteile fr Anschla
10、gmittel - Sicherheit - Teil 4: Einzelglieder, Gteklasse 8 This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2000. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard with
11、out any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language m
12、ade by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Icelan
13、d, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2000 CENAll rights of exploitatio
14、n in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1677-4:2000 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:41:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 1677-4:2000 Contents Page Foreword3 0Introduction4 1Scope4 2Normative references5
15、 3Terms and definitions6 4Hazards7 5Safety requirements7 6Verification of safety requirements13 7Marking18 8Manufacturers certificate19 9Instructions for use19 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this European Standard with EU Directives20 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08
16、:41:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 1677-4:2000 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 168 “Chains, ropes, webbing, slings and accessories - Safety“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the st
17、atus of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2001. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
18、and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard. It is a Part of a products standard related to safety for components for slings. The other Par
19、ts of EN 1677 for components for slings are: Part 1: Forged steel components - Grade 8 Part 2: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch - Grade 8 Part 3: Forged steel self-locking hooks - Grade 8 Part 5: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch - Grade 4 Part 6: Links - Grade 4 According to the CEN/CENELE
20、C Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switz
21、erland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:41:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 1677-4:2000 0 Introduction This European standard has been prepared to be a harmonized standard providing one means of complying with the essential safe
22、ty requirements of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA regulations. The links covered by this Part of EN 1677 are normally supplied to be part of a sling, but they may also be used for other applications. In such instances it is important that the link design is checked to ensure its fitness
23、 for the intended use. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope. In addition, lifting equipment shall conform as appropriate to EN 292 for hazards that are not covered by this standard. 1 Scope This part of EN 1677 specifies requirements for forged or welded steel master lin
24、ks, intermediate master links, master link assemblies and lower terminal links of grade 8 up to 132 t WLL, mainly for use in: chain slings according to EN 818-4 steel wire rope slings textile slings according to EN 1492-1:2000, EN 1492-2:2000 . intended for lifting objects, materials or goods. This
25、Part of EN 1677 does not apply to hand forged links. The hazards covered by this Part of EN 1677 are identified in clause 4. Annex ZA gives the relationship with EU-Directives Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:41:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 EN 1677-4:
26、2000 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or
27、revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 292-1Safety of machinery - Basic concepts - General principles for
28、 design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2:1991/Safety of machinery - Basic concepts - General principles for design A1:1995Part 2: Technical principles and specifications (Amendment 1 : 1995) EN 818-4:1996Short link chain for lifting purposes - Safety Part 4: Chain slings - grade 8 EN
29、818-6:2000Short link chain for lifting purposes - Safety Part 6: Chain slings - Specification for information for use and maintenance to be provided by the manufacturer. EN 1050:1996Safety of machinery - Principles of risk assessment. EN 1492-1:2000Textile slings - Safety Part 1: Flat woven webbing
30、slings made of man-made fibres EN 1492-2:2000Textile slings - Safety Part 2: Round slings made of man-made fibres EN ISO 9002:1994Quality systems - Model for quality assurance in production, installation and servicing EN 10002-2:1991Metallic materials - Tensile test - Part 2: Verification of the for
31、ce measuring system of the tensile testing machine EN 10025:1990/A1:1993 Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels Technical deliveryconditions EN 10228-1:1999Non-destructive testing of steel forgings Part 1: Magnetic particle inspection EN 10228-2:1998Non-destructive testing of steel forgi
32、ngs Part 2: Penetrant testing EN 45012General criteria for certification bodies operating quality system certification ISO 643Steels - Micrographic determination of the ferritic or austenitic grain size Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 17 08:41:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy
33、, (c) BSI Page 6 EN 1677-4:2000 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Part of EN 1677, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 working load limit (WLL) maximum mass that a link is authorized to sustain in general lifting service. NOTE: This term has the same meaning as the term max
34、imum working load used in annex A of EN 292-2: 1991/A1: 1995. 3.2 manufacturing proof force (MPF) force applied to the link during the manufacturing proof test. 3.3 breaking force (BF) maximum force reached during the static tensile test of the link at the end of which the link fails to retain the l
35、oad. 3.4 sling assembly consisting of chain, wire rope or textile joined to upper and lower terminals suitable for attaching loads to the hook of a crane or other lifting machine. 3.5 master link link forming the upper terminal of a sling by means of which the sling is attached to the hook of a cran
36、e or other lifting machine. 3.6 intermediate master link link used to connect one or two legs of a sling to a master link. 3.7 master link assembly assembly consisting of a master link together with two intermediate master links. 3.8 lower terminal link, hook or other device fitted at the end of a l
37、eg of a sling, remote from the master link or upper terminal. 3.9 traceability code series of letters and/or numbers marked on a link that enable its manufacturing history, including the identity of the cast of steel used, to be traced. 3.10 lot specified number of links from which samples are selec
38、ted for testing purposes and that have been manufactured from the same cast of steel and subjected to the same heat treatment process. 3.11 integral joining device means of connection that does not depend on welding and is integrated with the link. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov
39、 17 08:41:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 7 EN 1677-4:2000 3.12 total ultimate elongation total extension at the point of fracture of the link expressed as a percentage of the internal length of the test sample. 3.13 competent person designated person, suitably trained, qualified
40、by knowledge and practical experience, and with the necessary instruction to enable the required test and examination to be carried out. NOTE: 4.18 of EN ISO 9002:1994 gives guidance on training. 4 Hazards Accidental release of a load or, release of a load due to failure of a link puts at risk, eith
41、er directly or indirectly, the safety or health of those persons within the danger zone. In order to provide the necessary strength and durability of links, this Part of EN 1677 gives requirements for the design, manufacture and testing to ensure that specified levels of performance are met. Since f
42、ailure can be caused by the incorrect choice of grade and specification of link, this Part of EN 1677 also gives requirements for marking and the manufacturers certificate. Errors in fitting can also lead to failure and this Part of EN 1677 contains dimensional requirements to allow correct fit. Ris
43、k of injury due to sharp edges, sharp angles or rough surfaces when handling is also covered by this standard. Those aspects of safe use associated with good practice are given in prEN 818-6:1999. Table 1 contains those hazards which require action to reduce risk identified by risk assessment as bei
44、ng specific and significant for links of grade 8. Table 1 - Hazards and associated requirements Hazards identified in annex A of EN 1050: 1996 Relevant clause of annex A of EN 292-2: 1991/A1: 1995 Relevant clause/subclause of this Part of EN 1677 1Mechanical hazard due to1.3.25 inadequacy of strengt
45、h4.1.2.35 4.1.2.55 4.2.45 1.7.37 1.7.49 1.3Cutting hazard1.3.45.4 1.8Friction or abrasion hazard1.3.45.4 15Error of fitting hazard1.5.49 5.2 5 Safety requirements 5.1 Design Links shall be either: a) parallel-sided links produced by forging or welding; Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri
46、 Nov 17 08:41:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 8 EN 1677-4:2000 NOTE 1: Forged links may be with or without integral joining devices. b) pear shaped links with integral joining devices (i.e. links with unequal radii at either end) produced by forging. Parts of integral joining devi
47、ces, such as pins and their securing elements, shall be so designed and manufactured that, after assembly, no unintended displacement can occur. NOTE 2: The effects of wear, corrosion of securing elements or rough usage should be considered. 5.2 Dimensions The internal dimensions of links covered by
48、 this part of EN 1677 shall be such as to ensure articulation so that the force imposed is transmitted in the intended direction. The cross-section of links shall be so as to conform to 5.5. NOTE : This requirement permits a varying shape and area of cross-section. The internal length and internal w
49、idth of parallel sided master links shall be as in table 2. The internal length of pear shaped master links shall be 53 WLL minimum (in mm) and the internal width at the widest point 27 WLL minimum (in mm) where the WLL is given in tonnes. Table 2 - Internal length and width of parallel sided master links WLLminimum internal lengthminimum internal width ? 25 t 58 WLL31,5 WLL ? 25 t 45 WLL25 WLL 5.3 Materials and heat treatment 5.3.1 Quality of material 5.3.1.1 General Within the limitations given in 5.3.1.2 to 5.3.1.4, the manufacturer shall select the t
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