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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1925:1999 The Europ
2、ean Standard EN 1925:1999 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.100.15 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Natural stone test methods Determination of water absorption coefficient by capillarity Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 09:19:33
3、GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 August 1999 BSI 08-1999 ISBN 0 580 32290 4 B
4、S EN 1925:1999 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1925:1999. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/545, Natural stone, which has the responsibility to: aid enq
5、uirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on
6、 this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index,
7、 or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer
8、immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 7 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed throughout the document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffie
9、ldun, na, Mon Oct 30 09:19:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1999 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any
10、 means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1925:1999 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 1925 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM March 1999 ICS 73.020; 91.100.15 English version Natural stone test methods Determination of water absorption coefficient by capillarity Me thodes dessai pour pier
11、res naturelles De termination du coefficient dabsorption deau par capillarite Pru fverfahren fu r Naturstein Bestimmung des Wasseraufnahmekoeffizienten infolge Kapillarwirkung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 February 1999. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Interna
12、l Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
13、This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are
14、 the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 09:19:33 GMT+00:00
15、2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 1925:1999 BSI 08-1999 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 246, Natural stones, the Secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publicatio
16、n of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 1999. This draft standard is one of the series of draft standards for tests on natural stone. Test methods for natural stone consist of the foll
17、owing parts. EN 1926, Natural stone test methods Determination of compressive strength. EN 1936, Natural stone test methods Determination of real density and apparent density and of total and open porosity. EN 12370, Natural stone test methods Determination of resistance to salt crystallization. prE
18、N 12371, Natural stone test methods Determination of frost resistance. EN 12372, Natural stone test methods Determination of flexural strength under concentrated load. prEN 12407, Natural stone test methods Petrographic description. prEN 13161, Natural stone test methods Determination of flexural st
19、rength under constant moment. prEN 13364, Natural stone test methods Determination of the breaking load at a dowel hole. prEN (WI 00246011), Natural stone test methods Determination of thermal dilatation coefficient. prEN (WI 00246012), Natural stone test methods Determination of sound Speed propaga
20、tion. prEN (WI 00246014), Natural stone test methods Determination of abrasion resistance. prEN (WI 00246015), Natural stone test methods Determination of Knoop hardness. prEN (WI 00246016), Natural stone test methods Determination of thermal shock resistance. prEN (WI 00246017), Natural stone test
21、methods Determination of slip coefficient. prEN (WI 00246018), Natural stone test methods Determination of static elastic modulus. prEN (WI 00246019), Natural stone test methods Determination of rupture energy. prEN (WI 00246030), Natural stone test methods Determination of surface finishes (rugosit
22、y). prEN 13373, Natural stone test methods Determination of geometric characteristics on units. prEN (WI 00246032), Natural stone test methods Determination of resistance to ageing by salt mist. prEN (WI 00246033), Natural stone test methods Determination of resistance to ageing by humidity, tempera
23、ture, SO2action. prEN (WI 00246035), Natural stone test methods Determination of dynamic elastic modulus (by fundamental resonance frequency). prEN (WI 00246036), Natural stone test methods Determination of water absorption at atmospheric pressure. It is intended that other ENs should call up EN 192
24、5 as the basis of evaluation of conformity. Nevertheless, it is not intended that all natural stones products should be subjected regularly to all the listed tests. Specifications in other standards should call up only relevant test methods. This European Standard has an annex A (informative) and an
25、 annex B (informative). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
26、Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword2 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Principle3 4Symbols3 5Apparatus3 6Preparation of the specimens3 7Test procedure4 8Expression of results4 9Test report5 Annex A (informative) Calculation of water
27、absorption coefficient by capillarity by means of a non-linear regression function6 Annex B (informative) Bibliography related to annex A7 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 09:19:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 1925:1999 BSI 08-1999 1 Scope This European
28、Standard specifies a method for determining the water absorption coefficient of natural stone by capillarity. NOTEThis method is not suitable for stones with an open porosity less than 1 % when determined in accordance with EN 1936. 2 Normative references The present European Standard incorporates b
29、y dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed below. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this European Standa
30、rd only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the last edition of the publication referred to applies. prEN 12670, Natural stones Terminology. EN 1936, Natural stone test methods Determination of real density and apparent density and of total and open porosity. pr
31、EN 12440, Denomination of natural stone. 3 Principle After drying to a constant mass, the specimen is immersed in (31) mm of water on one of its sides (never the worked side) and the increase in mass is measured as a function of time. 4 Symbols mdmass of the dry specimen, in grams; misuccessive mass
32、es of the specimen during testing, in grams; Aarea of the side immersed in water, in square metres; titimes elapsed from the beginning of the test until the times at which the successive masses miwere measured, in seconds; C1water absorption coefficient by capillarity perpendicular to the planes of
33、anisotropy of the stone, in grams per square metre per square root of seconds; C2water absorption coefficient by capillarity parallel to the planes of anisotropy of the stone, in grams per square metre per square root of seconds. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Covered tank, with flat base comprising small non-oxid
34、izing and non-absorbent supports for the specimens. 5.2 Device, able to maintain a constant water level in the tank, described in 5.1. 5.3 Time counter, with an accuracy of 1 s. 5.4 Ventilated oven, which can maintain a temperature of (705) 8C. 5.5 Weighing instrument, with an accuracy of 0,01 g. 5.
35、6 Linear measuring device, with an accuracy of 0,05 mm. 5.7 Air conditioned room, with (205) 8C. 6 Preparation of the specimens 6.1 Sampling Sampling is not the responsibility of the test laboratory except where especially requested. At least six specimens shall be selected from a homogenous batch a
36、nd tested for each direction of rise of water in relation to the position of any anisotropy planes (e.g. bedding planes, foliation, etc.) which shall be marked on all specimens by at least two parallel lines. The specimens shall be rough cut or may have one or two polished or honed faces. These face
37、s are to be placed vertically (the worked face shall never be the immersed face). 6.2 Dimensions of the test specimens The test specimens shall be cubes with (705) mm or (505) mm edge or right circular cylinders whose diameter and height are equal to (705) mm or (505) mm. 6.3 Drying the specimens Th
38、e test specimens are to be dried to constant mass in a ventilated oven at a temperature of (705) 8C. Constant mass is reached when the difference between two successive weighings at an interval of (242) h is not greater than 0,1 % of the mass of the specimen. The specimens shall be kept in a desicca
39、tor until room temperature (205) 8C is attained. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 09:19:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 1925:1999 BSI 08-1999 Legend Y is the water absorption in g/m2 X is the square root of time in s0,5 Figure 1 Water absorption by capil
40、larity perpendicular to the planes of anisotropy as a function of the square root of time for a specimen with a low water absorption coefficient (C1= 86,0 g/m2s0,5) 7 Test procedure Weigh the specimens after drying (md) to an accuracy of 0,01 g and calculate the area of the base to be immersed by me
41、asurement of two medians to the nearest 0,1 mm. Express this area in square metres. Place the specimens in the tank on the thin supports provided such that they only rest partially on their base. Ensure that the position of the planes of anisotropy in relation to the rising water matches the require
42、ments. Immerse the base in the water to a depth of (31) mm. Start the timer device. Maintain the water level constant throughout the test by adding water as necessary, and close the container to avoid evaporation of the damp specimens. At time intervals, initially very short then longer, remove each
43、 specimen in succession, lightly dry the immersed part using a damp cloth to remove all water droplets and weigh immediately to the nearest 0,01 g, then replace in the container. Record the time elapsed since the start of the test until the time of each weighing. NOTEThe choice of times depends on t
44、he type of stone. For a highly absorbent stone, suitable times t1are: 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 480 and 1 440 min. For a low absorption stone, suitable times are: 30, 60, 180, 480, 1 440, 2 880 and 4 320 min. These times will be measured with an accuracy of 5 %. A minimum of 7 measurements is necessa
45、ry. The end of the test is reached when the differences between two successive weighings is not greater than 1 % of the mass of water absorbed by the specimen. 8 Expression of results Show as a graph the mass of water absorbed in grams divided by the area of the immersed base of the specimen in squa
46、re metres as a function of the square root of time expressed in seconds. NOTE 1In general, graphs are obtained as shown in Figure 1. These can be approximated by two straight lines. If the correlation coefficient between the measured points of the first part of the graph and the regression straight
47、line of this first part is respectively greater than 0,90 (when at least five measurements were taken in the first part of the graph) or than 0,95 (when only four measurements were taken), the coefficient of water absorption by capillarity C1or C2(in grams per square metre per square root of time in
48、 seconds) is represented by the slope of the C1respectively C2regression line. It can be calculated as the ratio between the ordinate and abscissa of any point of this line using the following formula: C1or C2= mi2 md A.ti The obtained values of C1or C2are expressed to three significant figures. NOT
49、E 2This approximate formula cannot be used if the correlation coefficient between the measured points of the first part of the graph and the regression straight line of this part is not satisfactory (see above). Annex A (informative) gives an equation more appropriate for this kind of test result. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 09:19:33 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 EN 1925:1999 BSI 08-1999 9 Test report The test report shall contain the fol
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