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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 196-21:1992 Methods of testing cement Part 21: Determination of the chloride, carbon dioxide and alkali content of cement The European Standard EN 196-21:1989 has the status of a British Standard Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:42:18 GMT+00:00 2006, U
2、ncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 196-21:1992 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 June 1992 BSI 01-1999 The following BSI r
3、eferences relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/516 Draft for comment 87/10353 DC ISBN 0 580 20680 7 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organiza
4、tions of the following countries. AustriaOesterreichisches Normungsinstitut BelgiumInstitut belge de normalisation DenmarkDansk Standardiseringsraad FinlandSuomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. FranceAssociation franaise de normalisation GermanyDeutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. GreeceHellenic Organizat
5、ion for Standardization IcelandTechnological Institute of Iceland IrelandNational Standards Authority of Ireland ItalyEnte Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione LuxembourgInspection du Travail et des Mines NetherlandsNederlands Normalisatie-instituut NorwayNorges Standardiseringsforbund PortugalInstitu
6、to Portugus da Qualidade SpainAsociacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin SwedenStandardiseringskommissionen i Sverige SwitzerlandAssociation suisse de normalisation United KingdomBritish Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun s
7、heffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:42:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 196-21:1992 BSI 01-1999i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii Brief history 2 Foreword 2 Text of EN 196-21 5 National annex NA (informative) Test method for the alkali cont
8、ent of cement to be used for the purpose of calculating the reactive alkali content of concrete 16 National annex NB (informative) Committees responsible Inside back cover National annex NC (informative) Cross-references Inside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:42:
9、18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 196-21:1992 ii BSI 01-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering. It is the English language version of EN 196-21:1989 “Methods of testing ceme
10、nt; Determination of the chloride, carbon dioxide and alkali content of cement”, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN 196-21 was drawn up by Technical Committee 51, Cement and building limes, as Part 21 of a series on testing cement which was accepted by CEN on 3 October
11、 1989. The UK gave a negative vote at the final voting stage, but under the CEN Rules now in force, is bound to abide by the majority decision and to implement this Part. Thus, the European test procedures have been introduced, where relevant, into the 1991 revisions of British Standards for cement
12、BS 12, BS 146, BS 4027, BS 4246, BS 6588 and BS 6610. This British Standard supersedes clauses 16 and 17 of BS 4550-2 which are withdrawn. The UK negative vote on this Part was due to the fact that the European methods for alkalis give values for Na2O equivalent of cement higher by approximately 0.0
13、25 % absolute than those obtained using either the current BS or the ASTM methods which have been used in the UK for the purpose of calculating the “reactive” alkali content of concrete. In consequence, the BS 4550-2:1970 test method is retained as national annex NA to be used only for the determina
14、tion of the alkali content of cement for the purpose of calculations to check compliance with the maximum value of 3.0 kg/m3 of Na2O equivalent for the reactive alkali content of a concrete mix, recommended when aggregate containing an alkali reactive constituent, or when an unfamiliar cement/aggreg
15、ate combination, is in use (see 4.2.4 of BS 5328-1:19911). However, the European test method is called up in 8.3 of BS 4027:19912) which specifies the maximum permitted alkali content of sulfate-resisting Portland cement, type Low Alkali. National annex NB gives the committees responsible for the UK
16、 participation in the preparation of this standard. National annex NC gives details of corresponding British Standards for international standards referred to in the European Standard. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standar
17、ds are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 20, an inside back cover and a
18、back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. 1) BS 5328 Concrete, Part 1:1991 Guide to specifying concrete 2) BS 4027:1991 Specification for sulfate-resisting Portlan
19、d cement Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:42:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 196-21 December 1989 UDC 666.94:691.54:620.1:543.84 Descriptors: Cements, tests, chemical analysis, determination of content, chlor
20、ides, carbon dioxide, alkali English version Methods of testing cement; Determination of the chloride, carbon dioxide and alkali content of cement Mthodes dessais des ciments; Dtermination de la teneur en chlorures, en dioxide de carbone et en alcalis dans les ciments Prfverfahren fr Zement; Bestimm
21、ung des Chlorid-, Kohlenstoffdioxid- und Alkalianteils von Zement This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1989-06-16. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard wit
22、hout any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
23、made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Ita
24、ly, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels CEN 1989 Copyright reserved to CEN members R
25、ef. No. EN 196-21:1989 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:42:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 196-21:1989 2 BSI 01-1999 Brief history This European Standard was prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 “Cement”, the Secretariat of which is held by IBN. It is
26、 intended, in a revision of European Standard EN 196-2, to adopt the methods of test in this standard into EN 196-2, so that this standard will then contain all methods of test required for the chemical analysis of cement. In accordance with the Common CEN/CENELEC Rules, the following countries are
27、bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Foreword The standard EN 196 on methods of testing cement consists of the followi
28、ng parts: Part 1: Determination of strength; Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement; Part 3: Determination of setting time and soundness; Part 4: Quantitative determination of constituents; Part 5: Pozzolanicity test for pozzolanic cements; Part 6: Determination of fineness; Part 7: Methods of taking a
29、nd preparing samples of cement; Part 21: Determination of the chloride, carbon dioxide and alkali content of cement. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:42:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 196-21:1989 BSI 01-19993 Contents Page Brief history2 Foreword2 1Object a
30、nd field of application 5 2References 5 3General requirements for testing5 3.1Number of tests 5 3.2Repeatability and reproducibility 5 3.3Expression of masses, volumes and results5 3.4Determination of constant mass 5 3.5Preparation of the cement sample 5 3.6Reagents 5 3.7Volumetric glassware 6 4Dete
31、rmination of the chloride content 6 4.1Principle 6 4.2Reagents 6 4.3Apparatus 6 4.4Procedure 6 4.5Expression of results 6 4.6Repeatability and reproducibility 7 5Determination of the carbon dioxide content reference method) 7 5.1Principle 7 5.2Reagents 7 5.3Apparatus7 5.4Procedure 8 5.5Expression of
32、 results 9 5.6Repeatability and reproducibility9 6Determination of carbon dioxide content (alternative method)9 6.1Principle 9 6.2Reagents 9 6.3Apparatus 9 6.4Procedure 9 6.5Expression of results 10 6.6Repeatability and reproducibility 10 7Determination of the alkali content (reference method) 11 7.
33、1Principle 11 7.2Reagents11 7.3Apparatus 11 7.4Preparation of calibration solutions and calibration graphs11 7.5Dissolution of the test portion 11 7.6Procedure 12 Page 7.7Expression of results 13 7.8Repeatability and reproducibility 13 8Determination of the alkali content (alternative method) 13 8.1
34、Principle 13 8.2Reagents 13 8.3Apparatus 14 8.4Plotting the calibration curve 14 8.5Procedure 14 8.6Expression of results 14 8.7Repeatability and reproducibility15 Figure 1 Apparatus for the determination of the carbon dioxide content (reference method)8 Figure 2 Apparatus for the determination of t
35、he carbon dioxide content (alternative method)10 Table 1 Volumes of solutions for the preparation of calibration solutions and their sodium oxide and potassium oxide concentrations12 Table NA.1 Solutions for checking purity of calcium solution17 Table NA.2 Solutions for calibrating flame photometer1
36、8 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:42:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:42:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 196-21:1992 BSI 01-19995 1 Object and field of application This Europe
37、an Standard lays down the methods for the determination of the chloride, carbon dioxide and alkali content of cement. The standard describes the reference methods and, in certain cases, an alternative method which can be considered as giving equivalent results. If other methods are used, their resul
38、ts shall be shown to be equivalent to the results given by the reference methods. In the case of a dispute, only the reference methods are applicable. This standard applies to cements and also to their constituent materials, such as clinker and blastfurnace slag. 2 References EN 196-2, Methods of te
39、sting cement Chemical analysis of cement. EN 196-7, Methods of testing cement Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement. ISO 3534-1977, Statistics Vocabulary and symbols. 3 General requirements for testing 3.1 Number of tests The number of tests for the various determinations (clauses 4 to 8
40、) shall be two (see also 3.3). 3.2 Repeatability and reproducibility The standard deviation of repeatability gives the closeness of agreement between successive results obtained with the same method on identical test material, under the same conditions (same operator, same apparatus, same laboratory
41、 and short time interval3). The standard deviation of reproducibility gives the closeness of agreement between individual results obtained with the same method on identical test material but under different conditions (different operators, different apparatus, different laboratories and/or different
42、 times3). The standard deviations of repeatability and reproducibility are expressed in absolute percent. 3.3 Expression of masses, volumes and results State masses in grams to the nearest 0,0001 g and volumes from burettes in millilitres to the nearest 0,05 ml. Express the results, given by the mea
43、n of two determinations, as a percentage generally to two decimal places. If the results of two determinations differ by more than twice the standard deviation for repeatability, repeat the test and take the mean of the two closest values as the result. 3.4 Determination of constant mass Determine c
44、onstant mass by making successive 15 min ignitions followed each time by cooling and then weighing. Constant mass is reached when the difference between two successive weighings is less than 0,0005 g. 3.5 Preparation of the cement sample Before starting the determinations, treat the laboratory sampl
45、e, taken in accordance with EN 196-7, as follows to obtain a sample for testing. Take approximately 100 g of the sample using a sample divider or by quartering. Sieve this portion on a 150 m or 125 m sieve until the residue remains constant. Remove the metallic iron from the material retained on the
46、 sieve by means of a magnet. Then grind the iron free fraction of the retained material so that it completely passes the 150 m or 125 m sieve. If this sample contains particles of metallic iron such as those that may be introduced accidentally during grinding, remove these iron particles completely
47、using a magnetic stirrer in a suspension, for example in cyclohexane. Transfer the sample to a clean dry flask with an airtight closure and shake vigorously to mix it thoroughly. Carry out all operations as quickly as possible to ensure that the sample is exposed to ambient air only for the minimum
48、time. 3.6 Reagents Use only reagents of analytical quality and distilled water, or water of equal purity, during the analysis. Unless otherwise stated % means percent by mass. The concentrated liquid reagents used in this standard have the following densities (r) (in g/cm3 at 20 C): 3) As defined in
49、 ISO 3534. hydrochloric acid1,18 to 1,19 hydrofluoric acid1,13 nitric acid1,40 to 1,42 perchloric acid1,60 to 1,67 phosphoric acid1,71 to 1,75 sulphuric acid1,84 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:42:18 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 196-21:1989 6 BSI 01-1999 The degree of dilution is always given as a volumetric sum, for example, dilute hydrochloric acid 1 + 2 means that 1 volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid is to be mixed with 2 volumes of water. 3.7 Volumetric glassware The
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