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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13084-2:2001 Free-standing chimneys Part 2: Concrete chimneys The European Standard EN 13084-2:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.060.40 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 06:17:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 13084-2:200
2、1 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Building and Civil Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 23 September 2002 BSI 23 September 2002 ISBN 0 580 40451 X National forewo
3、rd This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13084-2:2001. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/13, Structural chimneys and flues, which has the responsibility t
4、o: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “Internatio
5、nal Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British
6、 Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and E
7、uropean developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 23 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since
8、 publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 06:17:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13084-2 December 2001 ICS 91.060.40 English version Free-standing chimneys - Part 2: Concrete chimneys Ch
9、emines indpendantes - Partie 2: Chemines en btonFreistehende Schornsteine - Teil 2: Betonschornsteine This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 September 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Sta
10、ndard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
11、German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,
12、Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brus
13、sels 2001 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13084-2:2001 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 06:17:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13084-2:2001 (E) 2 Contents page 1Scope 5 2Normat
14、ive references 5 3Terms and definitions5 4Materials6 4.1Concrete6 4.1.1Concrete for cast-in-situ chimneys6 4.1.2Concrete for prefabricated chimneys6 4.2Mortar for bedding of prefabricated elements6 4.3Reinforcing steel6 5Material properties.6 6Structural design .8 6.1General8 6.2Ultimate limit state
15、.8 6.2.1Partial safety factors8 6.2.2Ultimate limit steel strain 8 6.2.3Moments of 2nd order.8 6.2.4Openings.11 6.2.5Shear stresses in horizontal joints of prefabricated chimneys13 6.2.6Connections of the continuous vertical reinforcement.13 6.3Serviceability limit state13 6.3.1Partial safety factor
16、s13 6.3.2Cracking13 6.3.3Deflection of the chimney.14 7Detailing provisions.14 7.1Cast-in-situ chimneys14 7.1.1Minimum vertical reinforcement.14 7.1.2Minimum horizontal reinforcement14 7.1.3Minimum reinforcement around openings14 7.1.4Distance between bars15 7.1.5Minimum concrete cover.15 7.1.6Minim
17、um wall thickness15 7.1.7Splices.15 7.2Prefabricated concrete chimneys 15 7.2.1Minimum reinforcement for transportation of prefabricated elements15 7.2.2Minimum horizontal reinforcement16 7.2.3Minimum concrete cover.16 7.2.4Minimum wall thickness16 7.2.5Vertical continuous bundles of bars16 7.2.6Ope
18、nings.16 8Workmanship .17 8.1General17 8.2Bedding joints17 8.3Reinforcement ducts .17 9Quality control18 9.1Cast-in-situ chimneys18 9.2Prefabricated chimneys 18 Annex A (normative) Analysis of stresses due to thermal and other actions19 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 06:17:58
19、 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13084-2:2001 (E) 3 A.1Moment-curvature-relation .19 A.2Calculation procedure.21 Annex B (normative) Limitations of crack widths .23 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 06:17:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13084-2:200
20、1 (E) 4 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 297 “Free-standing industrial chimneys“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsem
21、ent, at the latest by June 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2003. In this standard the annexes A and B are normative. This European Standard is one of a series of standards as listed below: EN 13084-1, Free-standing chimneys - Part 1: General requ
22、irements. EN 13084-2, Free-standing chimneys - Part 2: Concrete chimneys. prEN 13084-4, Free-standing chimneys - Part 4: Brick liners Design and execution. prEN 13084-5, Free-standing industrial chimneys - Part 5: Materials for brick liners - Product specifications. prEN 13084-6, Free-standing indus
23、trial chimneys - Part 6: Steel liners - Design and execution. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 06:17:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13084-2:2001 (E) 5 1 Scope This Part of this European Standard specifies particular requirements and performance criteria for th
24、e design and construction of cast-in-situ concrete chimneys as well as prefabricated concrete chimneys. It identifies requirements to ensure the mechanical resistance and stability of concrete chimneys in accordance with the general requirements given in EN 13084-1. As for chimneys attached to build
25、ings the criteria given in clause 1 of EN 13084-1:2000 apply. Unless otherwise stated in the following clauses the basic standard for the design of concrete structures, ENV 1992-1-1, applies. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from ot
26、her publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment
27、or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 206-1:2000, Concrete Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity. EN 13084-1:2000, Free-standing chimneys - Part 1: General requirements. ENV 1992-1-1, Eurocode
28、2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1: General rules and rules for buildings. ENV 1992-1-2, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures Part 1-2: General rules, Structural fire design. ENV 1992-1-4:1994, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-4: General rules - Lightweight aggregate co
29、ncrete with closed structure. prEN 1520, Prefabricated reinforced components of light weight aggregate concrete with open structure. prEN 12446, Chimneys - Components - Concrete outer wall elements. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given i
30、n EN 13084-1 and the following apply. 3.1 prefabricated element precast member of normal-weight or light-weight concrete, reinforced or not, which completely encloses the flues of chimney stacks 3.2 reinforcement ducts route for the continuous vertical reinforcement Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffi
31、eldun, na, Mon Oct 30 06:17:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13084-2:2001 (E) 6 4 Materials 4.1 Concrete 4.1.1 Concrete for cast-in-situ chimneys The concrete strength classes as given in ENV 1992-1-1 but not less than C25/30 can be used for cast-in-situ chimneys. For environmental c
32、onditions EN 206-1 applies. 4.1.2 Concrete for prefabricated chimneys 4.1.2.1 Normal-weight concrete For prefabricated chimneys all concrete qualities given in EN 206-1 may be used. For environnemental conditions EN 206-1 applies. 4.1.2.2 Light-weight concrete The light-weight concrete for prefabric
33、ated elements shall correspond to the density-class D 1,2 or higher in accordance with Table 9 of EN 206-1:2000. The light-weight concrete for prefabricated elements shall correspond to the strength classes given in EN 206-1 or to a strength class of at least LAC 6 given in prEN 1520. 4.1.2.3 Reinfo
34、rcement duct infill concrete The reinforcement duct infill concrete shall have at least the same strength class as the prefabricated elements, but not more than the next higher strength class. The flow class for consistence shall not be less than F3 in accordance with Table 6 of EN 206-1:2000 and th
35、e maximum size of aggregate shall not be greater than 8 mm. 4.1.2.4 Outer wall elements Prefabricated outer wall elements shall be in accordance with prEN 12446. 4.2 Mortar for bedding of prefabricated elements The mortar of bedding joints between prefabricated elements shall have the same strength
36、class as the concrete of the prefabricated elements. 4.3 Reinforcing steel For reinforcing steel the specifications given in ENV 1992-1-1 apply. 5 Material properties The material properties of concrete and reinforcing steel for normal temperature design shall be taken from ENV 1992-1-1 or ENV 1992-
37、1-4:1994 with the exception of the mean tensile strength of concrete, fctm, which shall be calculated in accordance with equation (1). The influence of elevated temperatures on the mechanical and thermal properties of concrete and reinforcing steel shall be determined from ENV 1992-1-2. fctm = cc ?
38、c? ? cv ? c? ? fcm 0,67 , in N/mm2(1) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 06:17:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13084-2:2001 (E) 7 where ccis the concrete density factor; cc = 0,4 + 0,6 2200 ? (1a) c ?is the concrete strength factor; c? = 0,45(1b) cvis the predama
39、ge factor; cv = 0,85 - 0,2 t(1c) c?is the eccentricity factor; ? ? ? 6 + 1,0 6 + 0,6 = ? ? t c c (1d) ctis the wall thickness factor; t t ct ? ? ? 400 , 1 246 , 2 (1e) fcmis the mean compressive strength of concrete; fcm = fck + 8 in Newtons per square millimetres(1f) fckis the characteristic compre
40、ssive strength (cylinders) of concrete in Newtons per square millimetres; ? is the density of concrete; for normal-weight concrete: ? = 2200 kg/m3 for light-weight concrete: ? is the design value of the density of concrete corresponding to the density class in accordance with Table 3.105 of ENV 1992
41、-1-4:1994; ?is the eccentricity; ? = M N t? Mis the design value of the bending moment in the cross-section concerned in Newton metres; Nis the design value of the axial force in the cross-section concerned in Newtons; tis the wall thickness of the cross-section concerned in metres; Licensed Copy: s
42、heffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 06:17:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13084-2:2001 (E) 8 6 Structural design 6.1 General For the structural design of concrete chimneys clause 5 of EN 13084-1:2000 has to be taken into account. The windshield can be treated in accordance with t
43、he beam theory being subject to axial forces , bending moments and thermal effects. If effects on the stability are expected, the influences from creep, shrinkage and cracking shall be taken into account. 6.2 Ultimate limit state 6.2.1 Partial safety factors The partial safety factors for actions ar
44、e: a) permanent actions ? unfavourable effect?G = 1,35 ? favourable effect?G = 1,0 b) wind actions?W = 1,5 c) thermal effects?F = 1,5 d) seismic actions?E = 1,0 The partial safety factors for materials are: e) concrete?C = 1,5 f) steel reinforcement?S = 1,15 6.2.2 Ultimate limit steel strain The ult
45、imate limit strain of steel is defined by ENV 1992-1-1. 6.2.3 Moments of 2nd order 6.2.3.1 General For the determination of moments of 2nd order the mean values of the material properties may be used. In the concrete compression zone, the following linear material law has to be used: ? E = cm? (3) w
46、here ?is the stress; Ecmis the modulus of elasticity of concrete; ?is the strain. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Oct 30 06:17:58 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13084-2:2001 (E) 9 The stiffening effect of the concrete in the tension zone may be taken into account in ch
47、imneys with continuous vertical reinforcement. 6.2.3.2 Approximate method The approximation is based on the following assumptions: ? full utilization of the cross-sections with respect to the local load carrying capacity; ? consideration of the tension stiffening effects of the concrete; ? chimney h
48、eight less than 300 m; ? no consideration of deflection effects due to imperfections and rotation of the foundation; ? constant diameter and wall thickness or nearly linear reduction of one or both of them over the chimney height; The design value of the 2nd order moment may be calculated as follows
49、: ? for windshields with continuous vertical reinforcement: MzM zM hz h z h IIII 2,4 = + (0) (85 - 0,14 ) 100 1 + 2,4 1 - ( )( )? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2 (4) ? for windshields without continuous vertical reinforcement with the value of ? according to equation (6) not exceeding 0,6: M zM z II ( ) = (1 + ) ( )? 2 (5) where MII (z)is the design value of the 2nd order bending moment at height z MI (0)is the design value of the 1st order bending moment at the chimney base MI
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