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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12697-16:2004 Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 16: Abrasion by studded tyres The European Standard EN 12697-16:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 93.080.20 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 11:44:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Unc
2、ontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 12697-16:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 10 August 2004 BSI 10 August 2004 ISBN 0 580 44230 6 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12697-16:2
3、004 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/510, Road materials, to Subcommittee B/510/1, Coated macadam and hot asphalt, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cros
4、s-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of
5、British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; pr
6、esent to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, a
7、n inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 18, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oc
8、t 28 11:44:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12697-16 July 2004 ICS 93.080.20 English version Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 16: Abrasion by studded tyres Mlanges bitumineux - Mthodes dessai pour mlange h
9、ydrocarbon chaud - Partie 16: Abrasion par pneus crampons Asphalt - Prfverfahren fr Heiasphalt - Teil 16: Abrieb durch Spikereifen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 March 2004. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for
10、giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official v
11、ersions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgiu
12、m, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMI
13、T EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12697-16:2004: E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat O
14、ct 28 11:44:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12697-16:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Method A.7 4.1 Principle7 4.2 Apparatus .7 4.3 Test specimen8 4.4 Conditioning.9 4.5 Determination of abrasion10 4.6 Calculation10 4
15、.7 Test report11 4.8 Precision.11 5 Method B.11 5.1 Principle11 5.2 Apparatus .11 5.3 Test specimen13 5.4 Conditioning.13 5.5 Determination of abrasion13 5.6 Calculation13 5.7 Test report14 5.8 Precision.14 Annex A (normative) Stud chart 15 Annex B (normative) Spring force measurement 16 B.1 General
16、16 B.2 Measuring the spring force with spring balance or dynamometer 16 B.2.1 Measuring equipment16 B.2.2 Procedure and an example.16 Bibliography18 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 11:44:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12697-16:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This documen
17、t (EN 12697-16:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2005, an
18、d conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2005. This document includes a Bibliography. This document is one of a series of standards as listed below: EN 12697-1, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 1: Soluble binder content. EN 12697-2, Bit
19、uminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution. EN 12697-3, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 3: Bitumen recovery: Rotary evaporator. EN 12697-4, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 4: Bi
20、tumen recovery: Fractionating column. EN 12697-5, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5: Determination of the maximum density. EN 12697-6, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens. EN 12697-7, Bit
21、uminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 7: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens by gamma rays. EN 12697-8, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 8: Determination of void characteristics of bituminous specimens. EN 12697-9, Bituminous mixtur
22、es - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 9: Determination of the reference density. EN 12697-10, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 10: Compactability. EN 12697-11, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 11: Determination of the affinity between
23、aggregate and bitumen. EN 12697-12, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 12: Determination of the water sensitivity of bituminous specimens. EN 12697-13, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 13: Temperature measurement. EN 12697-14, Bituminous mixtur
24、es - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 14: Water content. EN 12697-15, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 15: Determination of the segregation sensitivity. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 11:44:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1
25、2697-16:2004 (E) 4 EN 12697-16, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 16: Abrasion by studded tyres. EN 12697-17, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 17: Particle loss of porous asphalt specimen. EN 12697-18, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for ho
26、t mix asphalt - Part 18: Binder drainage. EN 12697-19, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 19: Permeability of specimen. EN 12697-20, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 20: Indentation using cube or Marshall specimens. EN 12697-21, Bituminous mixt
27、ures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 21: Indentation using plate specimens. EN 12697-22, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt- Part 22: Wheel tracking. EN 12697-23, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 23: Determination of the indirect tensile str
28、ength of bituminous specimens. EN 12697-24, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 24: Resistance to fatigue. prEN 12697-25, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 25: Cyclic compression test. EN 12697-26, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix a
29、sphalt - Part 26: Stiffness. EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 27: Sampling. EN 12697-28, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 28: Preparation of samples for determining binder content, water content and grading. EN 12697-29, Bitumino
30、us mixtures - Test method for hot mix asphalt - Part 29: Determination of the dimensions of a bituminous specimen. EN 12697-30, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 30: Specimen preparation, impact compactor. EN 12697-31, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphal
31、t - Part 31: Specimen preparation by gyratory compactor. EN 12697-32, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 32: Laboratory compaction of bituminous mixtures by vibratory compactor. EN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 33: Specimen prepare
32、d by roller compactor. EN 12697-34, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 34: Marshall test. prEN 12697-35, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 35: Laboratory mixing. EN 12697-36, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 36: Dete
33、rmination of the thickness of a bituminous pavement. EN 12697-37, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 37: Hot sand test for the adhesivity of binder on precoated chippings for HRA. EN 12697-38, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 38: Common equipme
34、nt and calibration. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 11:44:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12697-16:2004 (E) 5 prEN 12697-39, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 39: Binder content by ignition. prEN 12697-40, Bituminous mixtures - Test
35、 methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 40: In-situ drainability. prEN 12697-41, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 41: Resistance to de-icing fluids. prEN 12697-42, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 42: Amount of foreign matters in reclaimed asphal
36、t. prEN 12697-43, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 43: Resistance to fuel. No existing European Standard is superseded. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European
37、 Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sh
38、effieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 11:44:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12697-16:2004 (E) 6 1 Scope This document describes test methods (method A and method B) for determining abrasion by studded tyres, tested on cylindrical specimens of bituminous mixtures. NOTE Method A origi
39、nates from the Prall-method, which has been improved by comprehensive research work. According to Swedish research work, the method correlates with abrasion in the field. Method B originates from Finnish experience and correlates with abrasion in the field. 2 Normative references The following refer
40、enced documents are indispensible for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12697-6, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt -
41、 Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens. EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures - Tests methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 27: Sampling. EN 12697-30, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 30: Specimen preparation, impact compactor. EN 12697-31, Bituminous mix
42、tures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 31: Specimen preparation by gyratory compactor. EN 12697-32, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 32: Laboratory compaction of bituminous mixtures by vibratory compactor. EN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot
43、mix asphalt - Part 33: Specimen prepared by roller compactor. ISO 3290, Rolling bearings Balls - Dimensions and tolerances. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 abrasion loss of mass by abrasive action, in millilitres (ml) 3.2 prec
44、ision closeness of agreement between independent test results obtained under stipulated conditions NOTE 1 Precision depends only on the distribution of random errors and does not relate to the true value or the specified value. NOTE 2 The measure of precision is usually expressed in terms of impreci
45、sion and computed as a standard deviation of the test results. Less precision is reflected by a larger standard deviation. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 11:44:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12697-16:2004 (E) 7 NOTE 3 “Independent test results” mean results
46、obtained in a manner not influenced by any previous result on the same or similar test sample. Quantitative measures of precision depend critically on the stipulated conditions. Repeatability and reproducibility conditions are particular sets of extreme conditions. 3.3 repeatability precision under
47、repeatability conditions 3.4 repeatability conditions conditions in which independent test results are obtained with the same method on identical test items in the same laboratory by the same operator using the same equipment within short intervals of time 3.5 repeatability limit value less than or
48、equal to which the absolute difference between two test results obtained under repeatability conditions may be expected to be with a probability of 95 % NOTE The symbol used for repeatability limit is r. 3.6 reproducibility precision under reproducibility conditions 3.7 reproducibility conditions co
49、nditions in which test results are obtained with the same method on identical test items in different laboratories with different operators using different equipment 3.8 reproducibility limit value less than or equal to which the absolute difference between two test results obtained under reproducibility conditions may be expected to be with a probability of 95 % NOTE The symbol used for reproducibility limit is R. 3.9 single test result value obtained by applying the standard
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