《BS-EN-13432-2000.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《BS-EN-13432-2000.pdf(26页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13432:2000 Incorporating corrigendum no. 1 Packaging Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegradation Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging The European Standard EN 13432:2000 has the status of a British Standard
2、ICS 13.030.50; 55.040; 13.030.99; 55.020 ? BS EN 13432:2000 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 December 2000 BSI 2007 ISBN 0 5
3、80 36765 7 National foreword This British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 13432:2000, incorporating corrigendum June 2005. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PKW/4, Packaging and the environment. A list of organizations repre
4、sented on PKW/4 can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued
5、 since publication Amd. No. DateComments 17016 Corrigendum No. 1 31 May 2007Correction to text in A.3.1 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13432 September 2000 ICS 13.030.99; 55.020 English version Packaging - Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegrada
6、tion - Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging Emballage - Exigences relatives aux emballages valorisables par compostage et biodgradation - Programme dessai et critres dvaluation de lacceptation finale des emballages Verpackung - Anforderungen an die Verwertung von
7、 Verpackungen durch Kompostierung und biologischen Abbau - Prfschema und Bewertungskriterien fr die Einstufung von Verpackungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 June 2000. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for givi
8、ng this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versi
9、ons (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, C
10、zech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Central Secretariat: rue d
11、e Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2000 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13432:2000 E Incorporating corrigendum June 2005 Page 2 EN 13432:2000 Contents Foreword3 Introduction.4 1Scope 5 2Normative references 5 3Terms and
12、definitions5 4Requirements.6 4.1Control of constituents .6 4.2Assessment7 4.2.1General7 4.2.2Characterization.7 4.2.3Biodegradability.7 4.2.4Disintegration.7 4.2.5Compost quality.7 4.2.6Recognizability.7 4.3Exemptions.7 4.3.1Equivalent form7 4.3.2Materials of natural origin.8 4.4Recording of assessm
13、ent outcome.8 4.4.1Check list8 4.4.2Supporting documentation.8 4.5Application8 5Organization of a test scheme8 6Laboratory tests on biodegradability 9 7Determination of disintegration9 8Quality of the final compost10 8.1Rationale.10 8.2Determination of negative effect10 Annex A (normative) Evaluatio
14、n criteria11 Annex B (informative) Flow chart of evaluation of organic recoverability of packaging13 Annex C (informative) Recommended format for a conformity assessment checklist 18 Annex D (informative) Prerequisites and quality of compost for evaluating composting of packaging19 Annex E (normativ
15、e) Determination of ecotoxic effects to higher plants20 Annex Z (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions.21 Bibliography22 Page 3 EN 13432:2000 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging“
16、, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex
17、Z, which is an integral part of this standard. This standard forms one of a series of standards and reports prepared under Mandate M 200 rev.3 given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to support the European Council and Parliament Directive on Packaging and Pac
18、kaging Waste 94/62/EC. The procedure for applying this standard in conjunction with the other mandated standards and reports is specified in EN 13427. This standard contains Annexes A and E which are normative and Annexes B, C, D and Z which are informative This European Standard shall be given the
19、status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2001. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
20、following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Page 4 EN 13432:2000 Introduction The
21、 Directive on Packaging and Packaging Waste (94/62/EC) defines requirements for packaging to be considered recoverable. This standard amplifies these requirements with respect to organic recovery. The European Standard EN 13427:2000 provides a framework within which this and four other standards may
22、 be used together to support a claim that a packaging is in compliance with the essential requirements for packaging to be placed on the market as required by the Directive. The purpose of packaging is the containment, protection, handling, delivery and presentation of products. Organic recovery of
23、used packaging is one of several recovery options within the overall life cycle of packaging. In order to save resources and minimise waste, the whole system in which the packaging takes part should be optimised. This includes prevention as well as reuse and recovery of packaging waste. This Europea
24、n Standard presents a framework for self-assessment to determine whether the requirements of this standard have been met. Its approach is similar to that of systems standards such as the EN ISO 9000 and EN ISO 14000 series. Organic recovery of packaging and packaging materials, which includes aerobi
25、c composting and anaerobic biogasification of packaging in municipal or industrial biological waste treatment facilities is an option for reducing and recycling packaging waste. Using these biological technologies, the aims of the Directive 94/62/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on P
26、ackaging and Packaging Waste (Brussels 5 December 1994) in this respect can be met. Page 5 EN 13432:2000 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements and procedures to determine the compostability and anaerobic treatability of packaging and packaging materials by addressing four characteris
27、tics : 1) biodegradability, 2) disintegration during biological treatment, 3) effect on the biological treatment process and 4) effect on the quality of the resulting compost. In case of a packaging formed by different components, some of which are compostable and some other not, the packaging itsel
28、f, as a whole is not compostable. However, if the components can be easily separated by hand before disposal, the compostable components can be effectively considered and treated as such, once separated from the non compostable components. This European Standard covers the compostability of packagin
29、g itself but does not address regulations that may exist regarding the compostability of any residual contents. This European Standard makes provision for obtaining information on the processing of packaging in controlled waste treatment plants but does not take into account packaging waste which ma
30、y end up in the environment, through uncontrolled means, i.e. as litter. The essential relationship between this European Standard and the four other (mandated) European Packaging Standards and one (mandated) CEN Report is specified in EN 13427:2000. 2 Normative references This European Standard inc
31、orporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this Eu
32、ropean Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 13193:2000, Packaging - Packaging and the environment Terminology. EN 13427:2000, Packaging and the environment - Requirements for the use of Eu
33、ropean standards in the field of packaging and packaging waste. .ISO 14851 : 1999, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous medium - Method by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer. ISO 14852 : 1999, Determination of the ultimate aerobi
34、c biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous medium - Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide. ISO 14855 : 1999, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability and disintegration of plastic materials under controlled composting conditions - Method by analysis of evolved carbon
35、dioxide 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions and those given in EN 13193:2000 and EN 13427:2000 apply : 3.1 constituent of a packaging material all pure chemical materials and substances of which a packaging material is composed Page 6 EN 134
36、32:2000 3.2 packaging component part of packaging that can be separated by hand or by using simple physical means 3.3 disintegration the physical falling apart into very small fragments of packaging and packaging materials 3.4 ultimate biodegradability breakdown of an organic chemical compound by mi
37、cro-organisms in the presence of oxygen to carbon dioxide, water and mineral salts of any other elements present (mineralization) and new biomass or in the absence of oxygen to carbon dioxide, methane, mineral salts and new biomass 3.5 total dry solids amount of solids obtained by taking a known amo
38、unt of test material or compost and drying at about 105 C to constant weight 3.6 volatile solids amount of solids obtained by subtracting the residues of a known amount of test material or compost after incineration at about 550 C from the total dry solids content of the same sample. The volatile so
39、lids content is an indication of the amount of organic matter. 4 Requirements 4.1 Control of constituents Constituents known to be, or expected to become, harmful to the environment during the biological treatment process (see clause 8), in excess of the limits given in Annex A.1, shall not be delib
40、erately introduced into packaging or packaging materials intended to be designated as suitable for organic recovery. Page 7 EN 13432:2000 4.2 Assessment 4.2.1 General Except as identified in clause 4.3, assessment of the biological treatability of packagings and packaging components shall include th
41、e following 5 assessment procedures as a minimum : ? characterization (see 4.2.2) ; ? biodegradability (see 4.2.3) ; ? disintegration including effects on the biological treatment process (see 4.2.4) ; ? compost quality (see 4.2.5) ; ? recognizability (see 4.2.6). 4.2.2 Characterization Each packagi
42、ng material under investigation shall be identified and characterized prior to testing including at least : ? information on, and identification of, the constituents of the packaging materials ; ? determination of the presence of hazardous substances, e.g. heavy metals ; ? determination of the organ
43、ic carbon content, total dry solids and volatile solids of the packaging material used for biodegradation and disintegration tests. NOTEIn addition to the chemical characteristics for volatile solids, pass levels for heavy metals are also provided as their total absence is not possible. 4.2.3 Biodeg
44、radability To be designated as organically recoverable, each packaging, packaging material or packaging component shall be inherently and ultimately biodegradable as demonstrated in laboratory tests (clause 6) and to the criteria and pass levels given in Annex A.2. 4.2.4 Disintegration To be designa
45、ted as organically recoverable, each packaging, packaging material or packaging component shall disintegrate in a biological waste treatment process (see clause 7) to the criteria and pass levels given in Annex A.3, without any observable negative effect on the process. 4.2.5 Compost quality To be d
46、esignated as organically recoverable, no packaging or packaging component thereof, submitted to a biological waste treatment process, shall be recorded as having a negative effect on the quality of the resulting compost (see clause 8). 4.2.6 Recognizability The packaging or packaging component which
47、 is intended for entering the biowaste stream must be recognizable as compostable or biodegradable by the end user by appropriate means. 4.3 Exemptions 4.3.1 Equivalent form A packaging material demonstrated to be organically recoverable in a particular form, shall be accepted as being organically r
48、ecoverable in any other form having the same or a smaller mass to surface ratio or wall thickness. Page 8 EN 13432:2000 4.3.2 Materials of natural origin Chemically unmodified packaging materials and constituents of natural origin, such as wood, wood fibre, cotton fibre, starch, paper pulp or jute s
49、hall be accepted as being biodegradable without testing (see clause 6) but shall be chemically characterized (see 4.2) and fulfil the criteria for disintegration (see clause 7) and compost quality (see clause 8). 4.4 Recording of assessment outcome 4.4.1 Check list For each packaging the result of each assessment or test undertaken (as required in 4.2.1), shall be recorded on an assessment check list and their combined outcome used to determine whether a packaging material or a packaging is
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-3739470.html