BS-EN-15433-4-2007.pdf
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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 15433-4:2007 Transportation loads Measurement and evaluation of dynamic mechanical loads Part 4: Data evaluation ICS 55.180.01 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 06:58:42 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 1543
2、3-4:2007 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 56265 5 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15433-4:2007. The UK participation in its preparation was entruste
3、d to Technical Committee PKW/0, Packaging. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a
4、British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 06:58:42 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EURO
5、PISCHE NORM EN 15433-4 December 2007 ICS 55.180.01 English Version Transportation loads - Measurement and evaluation of dynamic mechanical loads - Part 4: Data evaluation Charges de transport - Mesurage et analyse des charges mcaniques dynamiques - Partie 4: Evaluation des donnes Transportbelastunge
6、n - Messen und Auswerten von mechanisch-dynamischen Belastungen - Teil 4: Datenauswertung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 October 2007. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the stat
7、us of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A
8、 version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republi
9、c, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NO
10、RMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15433-4:2007: E Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank Un
11、iversity, Fri Feb 15 06:58:42 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 15433-4:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword. 5 Introduction 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references . 9 3 Measured signals 9 3.1 Instantaneous values 9 3.2 Average values 9 3.2.1 General. 9 3.2.2 Instruments and software 10 3.2.3 T
12、ypes of averaging . 10 3.2.4 Averaging time and sampling errors 10 3.3 Synchronous averaging. 11 3.3.1 General. 11 3.3.2 Instruments and software 12 3.3.3 Triggering procedures 12 3.3.4 Signal-to-noise enhancement 12 3.4 Filtered signals 13 3.4.1 General. 13 3.4.2 Analogue filtering 13 3.4.3 Digital
13、 filtering. 14 4 Data classification. 14 4.1 General. 14 4.2 Time dependence 14 4.2.1 General. 14 4.2.2 Stationary or steady-state data . 14 4.2.3 Non-stationary data 15 4.2.4 Transient data 16 4.2.5 Physical considerations. 16 4.3 Randomness 17 4.3.1 General. 17 4.3.2 Identification of periodic com
14、ponents 17 4.3.3 Separation of random and periodic components 17 4.4 Normality 18 4.4.1 General. 18 4.4.2 Test for normality 18 4.4.3 Spurious deviations from normality . 18 5 Single channel spectral analysis/periodic and random data . 18 5.1 FFT algorithms 19 5.1.1 General. 19 5.1.2 Number of data
15、values 19 5.1.3 Redundant components. 19 5.1.4 Leakage and tapering. 20 5.1.5 Spectral bandwidth. 21 5.2 Periodic data 22 5.2.1 General. 22 5.2.2 Instruments and software 22 5.2.3 Anti-aliasing filters 23 5.2.4 Leakage and tapering. 23 5.2.5 Frequency resolution 23 5.2.6 Resolution error corrections
16、 . 23 5.2.7 Statistical sampling errors. 25 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 06:58:42 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 15433-4:2007 (E) 3 5.2.8 Plotting. 25 5.3 Stationary random data 25 5.3.1 General. 25 5.3.2 Instruments and softwar
17、e 27 5.3.3 Anti-aliasing filters 27 5.3.4 Leakage and tapering. 27 5.3.5 Frequency resolution 27 5.3.6 Resolution error corrections . 29 5.3.7 Statistical sampling errors. 29 5.3.8 Overlapped processing 30 5.3.9 Zoom transforms. 31 5.3.10 Plotting. 31 5.4 Non-stationary data 31 5.4.1 General. 31 5.4
18、.2 Random signals 31 5.4.3 Time codes 32 5.5 Proportional bandwidth spectra 33 5.5.1 General. 33 5.5.2 1/3-octave band spectra. 33 5.5.3 Other proportional bandwidth spectra . 33 6 Single channel spectral analysis/transient data 33 6.1 General. 33 6.2 Fourier spectra 34 6.2.1 General. 34 6.2.2 Instr
19、uments and software 34 6.2.3 Anti-aliasing filters 34 6.2.4 Leakage and tapering. 34 6.2.5 Frequency resolution 35 6.2.6 Resolution error corrections . 35 6.2.7 Statistical sampling errors. 36 6.2.8 Plotting. 36 6.3 Energy spectra 36 6.3.1 General. 36 6.3.2 Instruments and software 37 6.3.3 Anti-ali
20、asing filters 37 6.3.4 Leakage and tapering. 37 6.3.5 Frequency resolution 37 6.3.6 Resolution error corrections . 37 6.3.7 Statistical sampling errors. 37 6.3.8 Plotting. 37 6.4 Shock response spectra (SRS) 37 6.4.1 General. 37 6.4.2 Interpretation of SRS results . 40 6.4.3 Presentation of SRS resu
21、lts. 40 6.4.4 Instruments and software 41 6.4.5 Anti-aliasing filters 41 6.4.6 Sampling rate 41 6.4.7 Truncation error 41 6.4.8 Initial conditions 41 6.4.9 Frequency resolution 41 6.4.10 Resolution error corrections . 41 6.4.11 Statistical sampling errors. 42 6.4.12 Plotting. 42 6.4.13 Other SRS com
22、putations 42 7 Dual channel analysis. 43 7.1 General. 43 7.2 Cross-spectra 43 7.2.1 General. 43 7.2.2 Instruments and software 44 7.2.3 Anti-aliasing filters 44 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 06:58:42 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI E
23、N 15433-4:2007 (E) 4 7.2.4 Leakage and tapering. 44 7.2.5 Frequency resolution 45 7.2.6 Resolution error corrections . 45 7.2.7 Time delay bias error 45 7.2.8 Multiple path (reverberation) bias error 46 7.2.9 Statistical sampling errors. 46 7.2.10 Overlapped processing 47 7.2.11 Zoom transforms. 47
24、7.2.12 Plotting. 47 7.3 Coherence 47 7.3.1 General. 47 7.3.2 Instruments and software 48 7.3.3 Anti-aliasing filters 48 7.3.4 Leakage and tapering. 48 7.3.5 Frequency resolution 48 7.3.6 Time delay bias errors 48 7.3.7 Multiple path (reverberation) errors 49 7.3.8 Statistical sampling errors. 49 7.3
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