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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13284-1:2002 Stationary source emissions Determination of low range mass concentration of dust Part 1: Manual gravimetric method The European Standard EN 13284-1:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.040.40 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY CO
2、PYRIGHT LAW Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:10:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 13284-1:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the author
3、ity of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 25 January 2002 BSI 25 January 2002 ISBN 0 580 38920 0 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13284-1:2001. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air qua
4、lity, to Subcommittee EH/2/1, Stationary source emissions, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to
5、in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract
6、. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or propos
7、als for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 46, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI c
8、opyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:10:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM
9、 EN 13284-1 November 2001 ICS 13.040.40 English version Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dust - Part 1: Manual gravimetric method Emissions de sources fixes - Dtermination de la faible concentration en masse de poussires - Partie 1: Mthode gravimtrique m
10、anuelle Emissionen aus stationren Quellen - Ermittlung der Staubmassenkonzentration bei geringen Staubkonzentrationen - Teil 1: Manuelles gravimetrisches Verfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 October 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
11、 which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European S
12、tandard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national sta
13、ndards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE F
14、R NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2001 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13284-1:2001 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:10:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy,
15、(c) BSI EN 13284-1:2001 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword4 1Scope5 2Normative references5 3Terms and definitions .5 4Principle8 5Sampling plane and sampling points9 5.1General9 5.2Sampling plane9 5.3Minimum number and location of sampling points9 5.4Access ports and working platform .10 6Equipment and ma
16、terials11 6.1Gas velocity, temperature, pressure and composition measurement devices11 6.2Sampling equipment11 6.3Dust deposit recovery accessories17 6.4Equipment for conditioning and weighing17 7Weighing procedure18 7.1General aspects18 7.2Pre-sampling conditioning.18 7.3Weighing .18 7.4Post-sampli
17、ng treatment of weighed parts19 7.5Post-sampling treatment of the rinsing solutions 19 7.6Improvement of the weighing procedure.19 8Sampling procedure20 8.1General aspects20 8.2Preparation20 8.3Pre measurements20 8.4Sampling procedure21 8.5Recovery of deposits upstream of the filter.22 8.6Overall bl
18、ank sample.22 9Thermal behaviour of dusts .22 10Validation of results 23 10.1General23 10.2Parameters depending on the stationary source.23 10.3Leak check 23 10.4Isokinetic rate 24 10.5Deposits of dust on non-weighed parts upstream the filter.24 10.6Overall blank24 11Calculation24 11.1Sampling volum
19、etric flow rate24 11.2Dust concentration.25 12Performance characteristics of the method25 12.1General aspects 25 12.2Experimental data26 12.3Comments.27 13Test report27 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:10:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-1:2001 (E) 3 An
20、nex A (normative) Requirements related to the working platform 30 Annex B (normative) Determination of flow direction with Pitot tubes31 B.1Type L Pitot tube.31 B.2Type S Pitot tube 31 Annex C (normative) Methods for determining the positions of sampling points in circular and rectangular ducts32 C.
21、1Method for circular ducts 32 C.1.1General.32 C.1.2General method for circular ducts32 C.1.3Tangential method for circular ducts34 C.2Method for rectangular ducts35 Annex D (informative) Examples of suitable access ports for sampling equipment37 Annex E (normative) Proven design of the entry nozzles
22、.39 Annex F (normative) Summary of the requirements42 Annex G (informative) Sampling volume, flow rate and duration.43 G.1General.43 G.2Weighing uncertainties.43 G.3Sampling volume43 G.4Sampling flow rate and duration.43 Annex H (informative) Examples of weighing bias 44 H.1General.44 H.2Effect of i
23、nsufficient temperature equilibrium .44 H.3Effect of temperature variations .44 H.4Effect of barometric pressure variations.44 H.5Conclusions44 Bibliography46 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:10:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-1:2001 (E) 4 Foreword Thi
24、s European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2002, and confli
25、cting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). This European Standard consists of two parts
26、: EN 13284-1, Stationary source emissions Determination of low range mass concentration of dust Part 1: Manual gravimetric method EN 13284-2, Stationary source emissions Determination of low range mass concentration of dust Part 2: Automated measuring systems The annexes A, B, C, E and F are normati
27、ve. The annexes D, G and H are informative. This standard contains a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Fra
28、nce, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:10:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-1:2001 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard
29、 specifies a reference method for the measurement of low dust concentration in ducted gaseous streams in the concentrations below 50 mg/m3 standard conditions. This method has been validated with special emphasis around 5 mg/m3 on an average half hour sampling time. This European Standard is primari
30、ly developed and validated for gaseous streams emitted by waste incinerators. More generally, it may be applied to gases emitted from stationary sources, and to higher concentrations. If the gases contain unstable, reactive or semi-volatile substances, the measurement depend on the sampling and filt
31、er treatment conditions. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subseque
32、nt amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). ISO 3966:1977, Measurement of fluid flow in close
33、d conducts Velocity area method using Pitot static tubes. ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and result Part 2: Basis method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this
34、 European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 dust particles, of any shape, structure or density, dispersed in the gas phase at the sampling point conditions which may be collected by filtration under specified conditions after representative sampling of the gas to be analysed,
35、and which remain upstream of the filter and on the filter after drying under specified conditions 3.2 filtration temperature temperature of the sampled gas immediately downstream of the filter 3.3 “in-stack“ filtration filtration in the duct with the filter in its filter holder placed immediately do
36、wnstream of the sampling nozzle 3.4 “out-stack“ filtration filtration outside of the duct with the filter in its heated filter holder placed downstream of the sampling nozzle and the suction tube (sampling probe) 3.5 isokinetic sampling sampling at a flow rate such that the velocity vN and direction
37、 of the gas entering the sampling nozzle are the same as the velocity va and direction of the gas in the duct at the sampling point (see Figure 1) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:10:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-1:2001 (E) 6 Key 1 Duct 2 Internal di
38、ameter i 3 Radius of the bend (minimum 1,5 i) Figure 1 Isokinetic sampling 3.6 isokinetic rate velocity ratio vN / va expressed in percentage as a characteristics of the deviation from isokinetic sampling (see 3.5) 3.7 hydraulic diameter characteristic dimension of a duct cross-section defined by: p
39、lanesamplingofperimeter planesamplingofarea4 h ? ?d(1) 3.8 sampling plane (or sampling section) plane normal to the centreline of the duct at the sampling position (see Figure 2) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:10:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-1:200
40、1 (E) 7 3.9 sampling lines lines in the sampling plane along which the sampling points are located (see Figure 2), bounded by the inner duct wall Key 1Sampling line 2Sampling plane 3Access port 4Flow rate Figure 2 Illustration of definitions in relation to a circular duct 3.10 sampling point specifi
41、c position on a sampling line at which a sample is extracted Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:10:10 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 13284-1:2001 (E) 8 3.11 standard conditions reference values for a dry gas at a pressure of 101,325 kPa rounded to 101,3 kPa and
42、a temperature of 273,15 K rounded to 273 K 3.12 overall blank test sample taken at the plant site in an identical manner to the normal samples in the series, except that no gas is sampled during test duration Note The measured mass variation provides an estimation of the uncertainties. The overall b
43、lank value, divided by the average sampling volume of the measurement series, provides an estimation of the detection limit (in milligrams per cubic metre) of the whole measurement process, as carried out by the operators. The overall blank includes possible deposits on the filter and on all parts u
44、pstream. 3.13 weighing control procedure for the detection/correction of apparent weight variations due to possible changes between pre and post sampling weighing conditions 3.14 measurement series successive measurements carried out at the same sampling plane, and at the same process conditions 3.1
45、5 limit value dust concentration which is permitted by authorities for the plant process (i.e. average limit value) Note For purposes other than regulatory uses the measurement value should be compared to a stated reference value. 4 Principle A sample stream of the gas is extracted from the main gas
46、 stream at representative sampling points for a measured period of time, with an isokinetically controlled flow rate and a measured volume. The dust entrained in the gas sample is separated by a pre-weighed plane filter, which is then dried and re-weighed. Deposits upstream of the filter in the samp
47、ling equipment are also recovered and weighed. The increase of mass of the filter and the deposited mass upstream the filter are attributed to dust collected from the sampled gas, which allows the dust concentration to be calculated. Two different configurations of the sampling equipment may be used
48、 depending on the characteristics of gases to be sampled (see 6.2.2). Valid measurements can be achieved only when: a) the gas stream in the duct at the sampling location has a sufficiently homogeneous and steady velocity profile (see 5.2); b) sampling is carried out without disturbance of the gas s
49、tream with a sharp edged nozzle facing into the stream under isokinetic conditions; c) samples are taken at a pre-selected number of stated positions in the sampling plane, to allow for a non uniform distribution of dust in the duct; d) the sampling train is designed and operated to avoid condensation, chemical reactions and to minimise dust deposits upstream of the filter and to be leak free; e) dust deposits upstream of the filter are taken into account; f) the overall blank value does not exceed 10 % of the daily limit va
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