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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13528-3:2003 Ambient air quality Diffusive samplers for the determination of concentrations of gases and vapours Requirements and test methods Part 3: Guide to selection, use and maintenance The European Standard EN 13528-3:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.040.
2、20 ? BS EN 13528-3:2003 This British Standard, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 23 December 2003 BSI 23 December 2003 ISBN 0 580 43131 2 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13528-3:2003. The UK part
3、icipation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/3, Ambient atmospheres, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standa
4、rds which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This
5、publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible intern
6、ational/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ti
7、tle page, pages 2 to 40, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13528-3 December 2003 ICS 13
8、.040.20 English version Ambient air quality - Diffusive samplers for the determination of concentrations of gases and vapours - Requirements and test methods - Part 3: Guide to selection, use and maintenance Qualit de lair - Echantillonneurs par diffusion pour la dtermination de concentration des ga
9、z et vapeurs - Exigences et mthodes dessai - Partie 3: Guide pour la slection, lutilisation et la maintenance Auenluftqualitt - Passivsammler zur Bestimmung der Konzentrationen von Gasen und Dmpfen - Teil 3:Anleitung zur Auswahl, Andwendung und Handhabung This European Standard was approved by CEN o
10、n 3 November 2003. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards m
11、ay be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Mana
12、gement Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switz
13、erland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No.
14、 EN 13528-3:2003 E EN 13528-3:2003 (E) 2 Contentspage Foreword4 Introduction.5 1Scope 6 2Normative references 6 3Terms and definitions6 4Symbols and abbreviations7 5Measurement objectives and strategy.8 5.1Measurements in support of Community Policy8 5.1.1Air Quality Directives.8 5.1.2Source-related
15、 assessment9 5.1.3Forest Protection directives .10 5.1.4Protection of ecosystems.10 5.1.5Public awareness.10 5.2Measurement in support of other policies10 5.2.1Measurement in support of national, regional or local policies .10 5.2.2Protection of special ecosystems10 5.2.3Particular research aspects1
16、0 5.3Measurement strategy.11 6Selection of the device11 6.1Sources of information11 6.2Selection of a sampler and procedure.11 6.3Specific applications .12 6.4Compliance with parts 1 and 2 of this standard.12 7Operating principles12 7.1Principles of diffusive sampling.12 7.2Dimensions of diffusive u
17、ptake rate13 7.3Bias due to the selection of a non-ideal sorbent13 7.4Environmental factors affecting sampler performance.14 7.4.1Temperature and pressure14 7.4.2Humidity14 7.4.3Transients.15 7.4.4Influence of air velocity.15 7.4.5Transportation16 8Protection from adverse environmental conditions.16
18、 8.1General16 8.2Air velocity16 8.3Precipitation .16 8.4Provision of a shelter 17 8.5Security.17 9Arrangement of sampling points17 10Requirements for training.17 11Quality assurance18 Annex A (informative) Specific applications 19 A.1General19 A.2Nitrogen oxides19 A.2.1Tube-type samplers.19 A.2.2US
19、Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)/Monsanto badge 19 EN 13528-3:2003 (E) 3 A.3Nitrogen monoxide20 A.4Sulphur dioxide20 A.5Ammonia.21 A.6Organic gases (Volatile Organic Compounds or VOCs)21 A.6.1Tube-type samplers.21 A.6.2Badge-type samplers.22 A.6.3Radial samplers .22 A.7Formaldehyde 22 A.8Ozone2
20、3 A.9Shelters.23 A.10Design of Standard Atmosphere Apparatus.28 Annex B (informative) Characteristics of some diffusive samplers 29 Bibliography32 EN 13528-3:2003 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13528-3:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, the secretariat of whic
21、h is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2004. This European Standard is a multi-par
22、t standard having the following parts: EN 13528-1, Ambient air quality - Diffusive samplers for the determination of concentrations of gases and vapours - Requirements and test methods - Part 1: General requirements. EN 13528-2, Ambient air quality - Diffusive samplers for the determination of conce
23、ntrations of gases and vapours - Requirements and test methods - Part 2: Specific requirements and test methods. EN 13528-3, Ambient air quality - Diffusive samplers for the determination of concentrations of gases and vapours - Requirements and test methods - Part 3: Guide to selection, use and mai
24、ntenance. Annexes A and B of this part of the European Standard are informative. This document includes a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
25、Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 13528-3:2003 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard specifies requirements and test method
26、s for the determination of performance characteristics of diffusive samplers used for the determination of concentrations of gases and vapours in ambient atmospheres. With regard to air quality, the objectives fixed in the 5th Action Program of the European Union are for the effective protection of
27、all people against recognised risks from air pollution and the establishment of permitted concentration levels of air pollutants, which should take into account the protection of the environment. These objectives include monitoring and control of concentrations with regard to standards. Successive p
28、rograms of action of the European Union on the protection of the environment have stressed the need to find a balance between the use of different tools: product standards, emission limits and environmental objectives/standards. The implementation of existing Directives has highlighted the existence
29、 of various problems, which are being addressed in the Council Directive on Ambient Air Quality Assessment and Management 1. These include: different monitoring strategies in comparable situations between and within Member States; harmonisation of measuring methods; quality of the measurements which
30、 depend on the calibration and quality assurance procedures. Diffusive samplers used to measure air quality should fulfil some general requirements which are given in EN 13528-1. These requirements include unambiguity, selectivity and Data Quality Objectives, including uncertainty. Such general requ
31、irements can also be appropriate for other measuring procedures used in the assessment of ambient air quality. In addition, diffusive samplers used to measure ambient air quality should also fulfil some specific requirements in addition to those specified in EN 13528-1. These specific requirements a
32、re given in EN 13528-2. This part of EN 13528 gives guidance on the selection, use and maintenance of diffusive samplers used to measure ambient air quality. It is the users primary responsibility to choose appropriate procedures or devices that meet the requirements of this European Standard. One w
33、ay of doing this is to obtain information or confirmation from the manufacturer. Type testing, or more generally, the assessment of performance criteria of procedures or devices, can be undertaken by the manufacturer, user, test house or research and development laboratory, as is most appropriate. A
34、lthough this standard specifically addresses ambient air, diffusive sampling is also relevant to the assessment of air quality in indoor air. Both pumped and diffusive sampling procedures are considered appropriate for such measurements, depending on circumstances (particularly any requirement for t
35、ime resolution) 2. prEN 14412 gives guidance on the selection, use and maintenance of diffusive samplers used to measure indoor air quality. This part of EN 13528 is similar in content to EN 838 and EN 13528-1 is similar in content to EN 482. The series of standards on the use of diffusive samplers
36、for ambient air has been created in addition to those for workplace air because the underlying European Directives are different and the consequent definitions and practical applications of the estimation of the uncertainty of measurements are different. EN 13528-3:2003 (E) 6 1 Scope This part of th
37、e European Standard gives guidance on the selection, use and maintenance of diffusive samplers used to measure ambient air quality. It includes guidance on measurement objectives and strategies, both in support of European Community Policy and more generally, relevant to the use of such samplers. It
38、 also includes information on the operating principles of diffusive samplers and the factors that affect performance in the practical implementation of such policies. Advice is also given on ways to minimise any such adverse effects, e.g. by suggesting shelters that may protect against the effects o
39、f wind speed on the samplers, and on training and quality assurance considerations. Annexes give further information on practical applications for particular environmental pollutants, including those specified by existing and anticipated European Daughter Directives. 2 Normative references This Euro
40、pean Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publication
41、s apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). ENV 13005, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement. EN 13528-1:2002, Ambient air quality - D
42、iffusive samplers for the determination of concentrations of gases and vapours - Requirements and test methods - Part 1: General requirements. EN 13528-2:2002, Ambient air quality - Diffusive samplers for the determination of concentrations of gases and vapours - Requirements and test methods - Part
43、 2: Specific requirements and test methods. ISO 5725 (all Parts), Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results. 3 Terms and definitions NOTEAttention is drawn to the fact that the terms Assessment, Limit Value and Pollutant are defined in Directive 96/62/EC 1. For the purpose
44、s of this European Standard the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 ambient air outdoor air in the troposphere, excluding indoor air and workplaces 3.2 averaging time period of time for which the measuring procedure yields a single value EN 482:1994 3.3 diffusive sampler device which is capab
45、le of taking samples of gases or vapours from the atmosphere at a rate controlled by a physical process such as gaseous diffusion through a static air layer or a porous material and/or permeation through a membrane, but which does not involve the active movement of air through the device NOTE 1Activ
46、e normally refers to the pumped movement of air. NOTE 2This definition differs from that in EN 838 by the addition of the words “or a porous material”. EN 13528-3:2003 (E) 7 3.4 diffusive uptake rate rate at which the diffusive sampler collects a particular gas or vapour from the atmosphere, express
47、ed in picograms per parts per billion1 per minute (pg ppb-1 min-1) or cubic centimetres per minute (cm3 min-1) NOTE 1pg ppb-1 min-1 are equivalent to ng ppm-1 min-1. NOTE 2This definition differs from that in EN 838 by the substitution of “picograms per parts per billion” for “nanograms per parts pe
48、r million”. The expression is numerically the same, but ambient concentrations are usually in the ppb range. 3.5 measuring procedure procedure for sampling and analysing one or more pollutants in ambient air and including storage and transportation of the sample 3.6 selectivity degree of independenc
49、e from interferents 3.7 uncertainty (of measurement) parameter, associated with the results of a measurement, that characterises the dispersion of values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand NOTE 1The parameter can be, for example, a standard deviation (or given multiple of it), or the half width of an interval having a stated level of confidence. NOTE 2Uncertainty of measurement comprises, in general, many components. Some of these components can be evaluated from
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