《BS-EN-13202-2000.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《BS-EN-13202-2000.pdf(24页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13202:2000 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 13202:2000 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.180 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Ergonomics of the thermal environment Temperatures of touchable hot surfaces Guidance for establishing surface temperature limit values in production sta
3、ndards with the aid of EN 563 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:18:55 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards
4、Committee and comes into effect on 15 August 2000 BSI 08-2000 ISBN 0 580 34949 7 BS EN 13202:2000 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13202:2000. The UK participation in its preparation was en
5、trusted by Technical Committee PH/9, Applied ergonomics, to Subcommittee PH/9/1, Thermal environments, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK in
6、terests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications
7、 referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
8、 contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 20, an insid
9、e back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:18:55 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI (8523($1?67$1$5 1250(?(8523e(11( (8523b,6 see annex A in EN 563:1
10、994. The following limitations in the scope of EN 563:1994 also apply to this document: - thermal capacity; - maximum area of the skin when in contact with a hot surface; - contact which could result in burns of vital areas of the face; - healthy skin. 2?Normative references This European Standard i
11、ncorporates by dated and undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this
12、 European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 563:1994 Safety of machinery Temperatures of touchable surfaces Ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values
13、for hot surfaces. EN 71-1 Safety of toys Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties. EN 1050 Safety of machinery Principles for risk assessment. IEC 61032 Testing equipment and testing methods Test probes to verify protection by enclosures. 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European St
14、andard the terms and definitions of EN 563 apply as well as the following. 3.1 touchable surface a surface of a product which can be touched by a persons skin 4Assessment of the risk of burning 4.1Procedure To assess the risk of burning by products with hot surfaces, the steps described in 4.2 to 4.
15、7 shall be carried out. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:18:55 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 6 EN 13202:2000 ?%6,? 4.2Identification of touchable hot surfaces All necessary information concerning the touchable hot surfaces of the product shall be gathered.
16、This to include the products attributes: - accessibility (touchability) of the surfaces; - rough estimation of surfaces temperatures (hot, moderate, cold); - material and texture of the surfaces; - all operating conditions of the product including the worst case. NOTE: If more specific information i
17、s needed to determine the accessibility of the surface of a product, reference is made to other appropriate standards like: IEC 61032, EN 71-1, etc. 4.3Task analysis All necessary information concerning the use of the product shall be collected. By analysis or observation, describe the activities an
18、d tasks involved in using the product. Particular attention shall be paid to possible intentional and unintentional contact with hot surfaces and to which persons (users of the product and others) it may occur. The likely nature of the contact (probability and contact period) shall also be identifie
19、d. From the task analysis the following information is obtained: - surfaces which are or may be touched; - intentional or unintentional touching; - probability of unintentional touching; - frequency of intentional touching; - duration of contact with surfaces; - persons who contact or may contact su
20、rfaces (users and non-users); - range of operation of the product. 4.4Measurement of the surface temperatures The surface temperatures shall be measured on that part or those parts of the product where contact of the skin with the surface can occur. The measurement shall be carried out under the nor
21、mal operating conditions of the product. The extreme end of the range of the normal operating conditions shall be included so as to provide maximum surface temperatures. The measurement shall be carried out in accordance with 5.2 of EN 563:1994. 4.5Choice of applicable burn threshold Determine from
22、the identification of the hot surfaces, see 4.2, and from the task analysis, see 4.3, all necessary factors for the choice of the applicable burn threshold: - surface material; - surface texture; - contact period. Then select from 4.2 of EN 563:1994 the applicable burn threshold. Details of the sele
23、ction of the applicable burn threshold are specified in clause 7 of this standard. 4.6Comparison and conclusion Compare the measured surface temperatures with the applicable burn thresholds. The conclusions are: - If the surface temperature is above the burn threshold, cutaneous injury upon contact
24、with the hot surface is to be expected. - If the temperature lies below the burn threshold, the skin will not normally suffer injury. - If the measured surface temperature lies inside the burn threshold spreads of Figures 2 to 6 of EN 563:1994 or inside the burn threshold spreads of Tables B.1 and B
25、.2 of this document, cutaneous injury may or may not occur. This corresponds to the remaining uncertainty of the burn threshold specification. Repeat the comparison for all touchable hot surfaces of the product. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:18:55 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontro
26、lled Copy, (c) BSI Page 7 EN 13202:2000 ?%6,? 4.7Result of the risk assessment Estimate from task analysis, see 4.3, the probability of touching a part of the surface of the product which has a temperature higher the burn threshold. $VVHVV?WKH?ULVN?RI?EXUQLQJ?IRU?WKRVH?SDUWV?RI?WKH?SURGXFW?ZLWK?VXUI
27、DFH?WHPSHUDWXUHV?KLJKHU?WKDQ?WKH?EXUQ?WKUHVKROGV? +LQWV?IRU?WKH?ULVN?DVVHVVPHQW?DUH?JLYHQ?LQ?RI?(1?DQG?LQ?(1? As result the risk of burning is determined in terms of: - exceeding or falling short of the burn threshold for all parts of the surface of the product; - probability of contact; - duration
28、of contact; - degree of possible injuries of the people involved. 5Application of protective measures If the risk assessment shows that there is a risk of burning, it has to be decided whether protective measures are necessary and if so, which protective measures are appropriate. In order to reduce
29、or to eliminate burning risks, protective measures can be applied to existing products and can also be specified in standards for products which are to be produced in future. In general engineering, organizational and personal protective measures can be applied. If it is necessary to apply protectiv
30、e measures at all and if so, which specific measures are appropriate depends on the context in which a product will be used. It is out of the scope of this document to specify protective measures. It is the task of manufacturers and also of standardization groups to decide upon appropriate protectiv
31、e measures regarding the intended use of a product. In 6.2 of EN 563:1994, a guidance is given to estimate the necessity of the application of protective measures. Annex C of EN 563:1994 contains examples for suitable protective measures and their priority. One of several possible protective measure
32、s is the reduction of the surface temperature below the burn threshold. To achieve this surface temperature limit, values can be established at or below the burn threshold in a product standard. It is then the task of the manufacturer of the product to apply technical solutions in order to comply wi
33、th the established limit values. Reduction of surface temperatures and establishing of limit values is applicable only for those parts of a product which are not deliberately heated as an integral part of the functioning of the product. In cases where surfaces of the product have to be hot and acces
34、sible to carry out the intended operation of the product, other appropriate protective measures have to be applied (e.g. operating surfaces of an electrical hob, of a product, etc.). NOTE: Even if it is not possible to reduce the surface temperature below the burn threshold it may be reasonable to l
35、imit the surface temperature to a higher level. Reasons for that may be to reduce the burning risk even if it can not be avoided totally. There may also be technical reasons to limit the temperature, e.g. to prevent the destruction of the product by too high temperatures. 6?Need for establishing sur
36、face temperature limit values and selection method 6.1Procedure If a standardization group has to decide whether surface temperature limit values in a product standard are needed and which are appropriate, the steps described in 6.2 to 6.4 shall be carried out. The procedure can also be used by manu
37、facturers who want to limit a products surface temperature in order to avoid a risk of burning. NOTE: A flow chart in annex D is given for application of this process. 6.2Determination of the risk of burning First of all a determination of the risk of burning shall be carried out. The aim of the ris
38、k assessment is the identification of a possible burning risk in connection with the use of the product for which a standard is to be prepared. The determination of the risk of burning can be done in accordance with clause 4 using samples of the product for which the standard is to be prepared. Alte
39、rnatively the experts of the standardization group have to decide on the background of a task analysis and on their experience, if the product may show touchable hot surfaces and if there is a risk of burning. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:18:55 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontroll
40、ed Copy, (c) BSI Page 8 EN 13202:2000 ?%6,? 6.3Choice of appropriate protective measures If the risk assessment shows that there is a risk of burning a decision has to be taken if it is necessary to apply protective measures and which are appropriate (see clause 5). 6.4Introducing surface temperatur
41、e limit values into standards If the standardization group decides to introduce surface temperature limit values into the product standard, the appropriate values can be taken from EN 563. Details of the method of selection of the appropriate surface temperature limit values are specified in clause
42、8 of this document. 7Burn thresholds 7.1General To select the applicable burn threshold the procedure described in 5.3 of EN 563:1994 shall be carried out with the amendments and exceptions described in 7.2 to 7.4 of this document. 7.2Determination of the contact period 7.2.1General For the selectio
43、n of appropriate contact periods see 5.3.2 and Table B.1 of EN 563:1994 apply in general. In order to give standardization groups more flexibility, additional values for different situations are provided. After the assessment, whether a contact with a hot surface may occur unintentionally or intenti
44、onally, a distinction shall be made based upon who may come into contact with the hot surface: - healthy adults; - children; - elderly people; - people with physical disabilities. 7.2.2?Unintentional contact Healthy adults For healthy adults, 5.3.2 and annex B of EN 563:1994 apply. In addition a min
45、imum contact period of 0,5 s may be selected in the following case: ?touching a hot surface and fastest possible withdrawal following pain sensation without restriction of movement (see annex A). Children For children, 5.3.2 and annex B of EN 563:1994 apply. If touching a hot surface and an extended
46、 reaction time due to their age is to be expected, at least 4 s shall be selected. Until 24 months children do not have reflexes which are quick enough to remove their hands from what burns them. They do not always have the ability to get away from hot surfaces therefore. The contact period can be u
47、p to 15 s for very young children. Elderly people For elderly people, 5.3.2 and annex B of EN 563:1994 apply. If the product is used mainly by elderly people 1 s shall be selected as the minimum contact period. If touching a hot surface and extended reaction time due to their age is to be expected,
48、at least 4 s shall be selected. People with physical disabilities If people with physical disabilities may come in contact with hot surfaces, special considerations shall be made by the standardization group taking into account the nature of disability and the use of the product. The standardization
49、 group has to decide if Table B.1 of EN 563:1994 is applicable or if longer contact periods have to be selected. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Oct 29 09:18:55 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 9 EN 13202:2000 ?%6,? 7.2.3Intentional contact In general 5.3.2 and annex B of EN 563:1994 apply for healthy adults, children, elderly people and people with physical disabilities. Standardization groups shall consider if the product is to be used by groups of people other than healthy adults
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-3741150.html