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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1981:1998 The Europ
2、ean Standard EN 1981:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 77.120.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Copper and copper alloys Master alloys Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:23:23 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This B
3、ritish Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 November 1998 BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 30252 0 BS EN 1981:1998 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected Nati
4、onal foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1981:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee NFE/34, Copper and copper alloys, to Subcommittee NFE/34/2, Copper and copper alloy ingots and castings, which has the responsibility to:
5、aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represe
6、nted on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Corresponde
7、nce Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itse
8、lf confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:23:23 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
9、 CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1981:199
10、8 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 1981 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM July 1998 ICS 77.120.30 Descriptors: copper, copper alloys, design, chemical composition, shape, sampling, analysis methods English version Copper and copper alloys Master alloys Cuivre et alliages de cuivre Alliages-me resKupfer und K
11、upferlegierungen Vorlegierungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 June 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date
12、lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the re
13、sponsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
14、Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:23:23 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 1981:1998 BSI 1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 133, C
15、opper and copper alloys, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
16、by January 1999. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 133 requested CEN/TC 133/WG 7, Ingots and castings, to prepare the following standard: EN 1981, Copper and copper alloys Master alloys. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Comm
17、ission and the European Free Trade Association. This European Standard is considered as a supporting standard to other application and product standards which in themselves support an essential safety requirement of a new approach directive and will appear as a normative reference in them. According
18、 to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sp
19、ain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword2 Introduction3 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 3.1 master alloy3 3.2 cast3 3.3 batch3 3.4 consignment3 4Designations3 4.1 Material3 4.2 Product3 5Ordering information4 6Requirements4 6.1 Composition4 6.2 Product for
20、m4 6.3 Physical condition4 7Sampling4 7.1 General4 7.2 Cast analysis4 7.3 Cases of dispute4 8Methods of analysis5 8.1 Routine cast analysis5 8.2 Determination of chromium(III)-oxide in alloy CuCr10 (CM202E)5 8.3 Cases of dispute5 8.4 Rounding of results5 9Declaration of conformity and inspection doc
21、umentation5 9.1 Declaration of conformity5 9.2 Inspection documentation5 10Marking, labelling, packaging5 Annex A (normative) Method for determination of chromium(III)-oxide in alloy CuCr10 (CM202E)8 Annex B (informative) Bibliography8 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:23:23
22、GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 1981:1998 BSI 1998 Introduction This European Standard has been prepared at the suggestion of the manufacturers of cast and wrought copper alloys, by representatives of the producers and users of master alloys. There is, at present, no similar int
23、ernational standard for copper-based master alloys. In several cases more than one grade of a particular master alloy is specified, having differing impurity limits, to satisfy the requirements of various end products. 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the compositions of copper-based master
24、alloys intended for the manufacture, deoxidation, or desulfurization of cast or wrought alloys, especially those based on copper, supplied in the form of ingots, notched bar, notched slab, granules or broken pieces. A procedure is included for sampling the master alloys for analysis for verification
25、 of conformity to the composition requirements. A method for the determination of chromium(III)-oxide in chromium-copper master alloy is given in annex A. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative re
26、ferences are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references,
27、the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 1655, Copper and copper alloys Declarations of conformity. EN 10204, Metallic products Types of inspection documents. NOTEInformative references to documents used in the preparation of this standard, and cited at the appropriate places in
28、 the text, are listed in a bibliography, see annex B. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 master alloy alloy intended only for addition to a melt in order to adjust composition, or to control impurities 3.2 cast product of one crucible, or furnace, m
29、elt 3.3 batch portion of master alloy taken from a single cast 3.4 consignment collection of products issued or received as one delivery, consisting of one or more batches of a single master alloy 4 Designations 4.1 Material 4.1.1 General The material is designated either by symbol or number (see Ta
30、ble 1). 4.1.2 Symbol The material symbol designation is based on the designation system given in ISO 1190-1. NOTEAlthough material symbol designations used in this standard might be the same as those in other standards using the designation system given in ISO 1190-1, the detailed composition requir
31、ements are not necessarily the same. 4.1.3 Number The material number designation is in accordance with the system given in EN 1412. 4.2 Product The product designation provides a standardized pattern of designation from which a rapid and unequivocal description of a product is conveyed in communica
32、tion. It provides mutual comprehension at the international level with regard to products which meet the requirements of the relevant European Standard. The product designation is no substitute for the full content of the standard. The product designation for products to this standard shall consist
33、of: denomination (copper master alloy); number of this European Standard (EN 1981); material designation, either symbol, or number (see Table 1); material form (the following designations shall be used as appropriate: ING for ingots, NOB for notched bars, NOS for notched slabs, GRN for granules and
34、BPS for broken pieces) (see 6.2). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:23:23 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 1981:1998 BSI 1998 The derivation of a product designation is shown in the following example. EXAMPLE Copper master alloy conforming to this standard
35、, in material designated either CuP15(B) or CM218E, in the form of granules, shall be designated as follows: Copper master alloyEN 1981 CuP15(B) GRN or Copper master alloyEN 1981 CM218E GRN Denomination Number of this European Standard Material designation Material form 5 Ordering information In ord
36、er to facilitate the enquiry, order and confirmation of order procedures between the purchaser and the supplier, the purchaser shall state on his enquiry and order the following information: a) quantity of product required (mass); b) denomination (Copper master alloy); c) number of this European Sta
37、ndard (EN 1981); d) material designation (see Table 1); e) material form (see 6.2). NOTEIt is recommended that the product designation, as described in 4.2, is used for items b) to e). In addition, the purchaser shall also state on the enquiry and order any of the following, if required: f) whether
38、a declaration of conformity is required (see 9.1); g) whether an inspection document is required, and if so, which type (see 9.2). EXAMPLE Ordering details for 500 kg of copper master alloy conforming to EN 1981, 15 % phosphorus designated either CuP15(B) or CM218E, in granular form, with declaratio
39、n of conformity: 500 kg Copper master alloy EN 1981 CuP15(B) GRN with declaration of conformity or 500 kg Copper master alloy EN 1981 CM218E GRN with declaration of conformity 6 Requirements 6.1 Composition The composition shall conform to the requirements for the appropriate material given in Table
40、 1. 6.2 Product form The master alloy shall be in one of the following forms, as requested by the purchaser see 5e): ingot; notched bar; notched slab; granules; or broken pieces. The design of the ingot, notched bar, or notched slab shall be at the discretion of the supplier, unless a specific desig
41、n is requested by the purchaser. 6.3 Physical condition The products shall be supplied free from dirt or dross and shall contain no extraneous material detrimental to their metallurgical quality. Broken pieces shall be reasonably free from fine metallic particles. 7 Sampling 7.1 General When require
42、d (e.g., if necessary in accordance with specified procedures of a suppliers quality system, or when the purchaser requests inspection documents with test results, or for use in cases of dispute), an inspection lot shall be sampled in accordance with 7.2 or 7.3. 7.2 Cast analysis For routine control
43、 purposes a sample representative of each cast shall be taken from the furnace, or crucible, during the process of casting, and poured into a clean chill mould of dimensions appropriate to the chosen method of analysis. 7.3 Cases of dispute In cases of dispute concerning the composition of a master
44、alloy in a consignment, the method of sampling shall be agreed between the disputing parties. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 07 09:23:23 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 EN 1981:1998 BSI 1998 8 Methods of analysis 8.1 Routine cast analysis The routine methods of
45、 analysis carried out on the sample obtained in accordance with 7.2, to verify conformity of the cast of master alloy to this standard, shall be at the discretion of the supplier. 8.2 Determination of chromium(III)-oxide in alloy CuCr10 (CM202E) For alloy CuCr10 (CM202E), the method recommended for
46、the determination of Cr2O3is given in annex A. NOTEA qualitative assessment may be made by examining a polished microsection, under polarized light, at 3 250 magnification. 8.3 Cases of dispute In cases of dispute concerning the results of analysis of a master alloy, the procedure shall be agreed be
47、tween the disputing parties. 8.4 Rounding of results For the purpose of determining conformity to the compositional limits specified in this standard, the result obtained from analysis shall be rounded in accordance with the following procedure, which is based upon the guidance given in ISO 310:1992
48、, annex B. It shall be rounded in one step to the same number of figures used to express the specified limit in Table 1. The following rules shall be used for rounding: a) if the figure immediately after the last figure to be retained is less than 5, the last figure to be retained shall be kept unch
49、anged; b) if the figure immediately after the last figure to be retained is equal to or greater than 5, the last figure to be retained shall be increased by one. 9 Declaration of conformity and inspection documentation 9.1 Declaration of conformity When requested by the purchaser see 5f) and agreed with the supplier, the supplier shall issue for the products the appropriate declaration of conformity in accordance with EN 1655. 9.2 Inspection documentation When requested by the purchaser see 5g) and agreed wit
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