BS-EN-45020-1998.pdf
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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 45020:1998 Standardization and related activities General vocabulary The European Standard EN 45020:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 01.040.01; 01.120 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 07:32:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN
2、45020:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Management Systems Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1998 BSI 04-2000 ISBN 0 580 29603 2 National foreword This British Standard is the English la
3、nguage version of EN 45020:1998. It supersedes BS EN 45020:1993, which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee QS/3, Assessment, testing, certification and inspection, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to
4、 the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obta
5、ined on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” f
6、acility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obl
7、igations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 51 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on t
8、he inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 07:32:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 45020:1998 BSI 04-2000i Contents Page National forewordInside front cover Foreword2 Text of EN 450203 Licen
9、sed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 07:32:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 07:32:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 45020 February 1998 ICS 01.04
10、0.01; 01.120Supersedes EN 45020:1993 Descriptors: See ISO document English version Standardization and related activities General vocabulary (ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996) Normalisation et activits connexes Vocabulaire gnral (Guide ISO/CEI 2:1996) Normung und damit zusammenhngende Ttigkeiten Allgemeine Begr
11、iffe (ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996) This European Standard was approved by CEN/CENELEC on 1 January 1998. CEN/CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteratio
12、n. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN/CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by tr
13、anslation under the responsibility of a CEN/CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN/CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees, respectively, of Austria, Belgium, Cz
14、ech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 1998 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CEN
15、ELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 45020:1998 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 07:32:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 45020:1998 BSI 04-2000 2 Foreword The text of the ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996 of the Committee on Conformity Assessment (CASCO) has been taken over as a Europ
16、ean Standard by Technical Committee CEN/CLC/TC 1 “Criteria for conformity assessment bodies”, the secretariat of which is held by NSF, and approved by CEN and CENELEC. This European Standard supersedes EN 45020:1993. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by
17、publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implem
18、ent this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword2 Introduction3 Scope3 1Standardization4 2Aims of stan
19、dardization7 3Normative documents9 4Bodies responsible for standards and regulations14 5Types of standards17 6Harmonization of standards19 7Content of normative documents24 8Structure of normative documents27 9Preparation of normative documents27 10Implementation of normative documents30 11Reference
20、s to standards in regulations32 12Conformity assessment in general35 13Determination of characteristics40 14Conformity evaluation42 15Assurance of conformity44 16Approval and recognition arrangements46 17Accreditation of conformity assessment bodies and persons48 Alphabetical indexes50 Licensed Copy
21、: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 07:32:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 45020:1998 BSI 04-20003 Introduction Whilst ISO and IEC jointly provide the international framework for standardization, covering a wide range of mainly technical matters, the general concept of standard
22、ization extends beyond their terms of reference. For ISO and IEC purposes, the definition of standardization (1.1) should accordingly be read in conjunction with the definitions of standard (3.2) and consensus (1.7). The general terminological principles guiding the revisions of Guide 2 since 1986 h
23、ave been those established by Technical Committee ISO/TC 37, Terminology (principles and coordination). Terms expressing more specific concepts may generally be constructed by a combination of terms representing more general concepts. The latter terms thus form “building blocks”, and the selection o
24、f terms and the construction of definitions within this Guide has been based on this approach in cases where equivalent English, French and Russian combined terms contain the same “building blocks”. In this way, additional terms can be readily constructed within the framework of the Guide. For examp
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