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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 13704:2007 Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries Calculation of heater-tube thickness in petroleum refineries ICS 75.180.20 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 08:09:11 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
2、 BSI BS EN ISO 13704:2007 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 56894 7 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 13704:2007. It supersedes BS ISO 13704:2001 w
3、hich is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PSE/17, Materials and equipment for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, to Panel PSE/17/-/6, Processing equipment and systems for petroleum and natural gas industries. A list of organizat
4、ions represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations
5、. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 08:09:11 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13704 November 2007 ICS 75.180.20 English V
6、ersion Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Calculation of heater-tube thickness in petroleum refineries (ISO 13704:2007) Industries du ptrole, de la ptrochimie et du gaz naturel - Calcul de lpaisseur des tubes de fours de raffineries de ptrole (ISO 13704:2007) Erdl- und Erdgasindus
7、trie - Berechnung der Wanddicke von Heizrohren in Erdlraffinerien (ISO 13704:2007) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 November 2007. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
8、 national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A versio
9、n in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denm
10、ark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISA
11、TION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 13704:2007: E Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank Univers
12、ity, Fri Feb 15 08:09:11 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Foreword This document (EN ISO 13704:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 1
13、2 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by
14、May 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2008. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Repub
15、lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 13704:2007 has be
16、en approved by CEN as a EN ISO 13704:2007 without any modification. BS EN ISO 13704:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 08:09:11 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13704 Second edition 2007-11-15 Petroleum, pet
17、rochemical and natural gas industries Calculation of heater-tube thickness in petroleum refineries Industries du ptrole, de la ptrochimie et du gaz naturel Calcul de lpaisseur des tubes de fours de raffineries de ptrole Reference number ISO 13704:2007(E) BS EN ISO 13704:2007 Licensed Copy: London So
18、uth Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 08:09:11 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 08:09:11 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii ContentsPage Foreword iv 1Scope1 2Terms a
19、nd definitions.1 3General design information3 3.1Information required .3 3.2Limitations for design procedures4 4Design.4 4.1General .4 4.2Equation for stress7 4.3Elastic design (lower temperatures)7 4.4Rupture design (higher temperatures) 8 4.5Intermediate temperature range 8 4.6Minimum allowable th
20、ickness8 4.7Minimum and average thicknesses.8 4.8Equivalent tube metal temperature .9 4.9Component fittings13 5Allowable stresses15 5.1General .15 5.2Elastic allowable stress16 5.3Rupture allowable stress16 5.4Rupture exponent16 5.5Yield and tensile strengths.16 5.6Larson-Miller parameter curves.16
21、5.7Limiting design metal temperature17 5.8Allowable stress curves17 6Sample calculations18 6.1Elastic design 18 6.2Thermal-stress check (for elastic range only).19 6.3Rupture design with constant temperature23 6.4Rupture design with linearly changing temperature.25 Annex A (informative) Estimation o
22、f remaining tube life28 Annex B (informative) Calculation of maximum radiant section tube skin temperature 33 Annex C (normative) Thermal-stress limitations (elastic range).44 Annex D (informative) Calculation sheets48 Annex E (normative) Stress curves (SI units)50 Annex F (normative) Stress curves
23、(USC units)70 Annex G (normative) Derivation of corrosion fraction and temperature fraction90 Annex H (informative) Data sources.98 Bibliography103 BS EN ISO 13704:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 08:09:11 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (
24、c) BSI iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
25、 which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on a
26、ll matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
27、 circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held re
28、sponsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13704 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 6, Processing equipment and systems. This second edition cancels and
29、 replaces the first edition (ISO 13704:2001), which has been technically revised. BS EN ISO 13704:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 08:09:11 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 1 Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries Calcu
30、lation of heater-tube thickness in petroleum refineries 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the requirements and gives recommendations for the procedures and design criteria used for calculating the required wall thickness of new tubes and associated component fittings for petroleum-refine
31、ry heaters. These procedures are appropriate for designing tubes for service in both corrosive and non-corrosive applications. These procedures have been developed specifically for the design of refinery and related process-fired heater tubes (direct-fired, heat-absorbing tubes within enclosures). T
32、hese procedures are not intended to be used for the design of external piping. This International Standard does not give recommendations for tube retirement thickness; Annex A describes a technique for estimating the life remaining for a heater tube. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this
33、document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 actual inside diameter Di inside diameter of a new tube NOTE The actual inside diameter is used to calculate the tube skin temperature in Annex B and the thermal stress in Annex C. 2.2 component fitting fitting connected to the fired heater tu
34、bes EXAMPLES Return bends, elbows, reducers. NOTE 1 There is a distinction between standard component fittings and specially designed component fittings; see 4.9. NOTE 2 Typical material specifications for standard component fittings are ASTM A 234, ASTM A 403 and ASTM B 366. 2.3 corrosion allowance
35、 ?CA additional material thickness added to allow for material loss during the design life of the component 2.4 design life tDL operating time used as a basis for tube design NOTE The design life is not necessarily the same as the retirement or replacement life. BS EN ISO 13704:2007 Licensed Copy: L
36、ondon South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 08:09:11 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 2.5 design metal temperature Td tube-metal or skin temperature used for design NOTEThis is determined by calculating the maximum tube metal temperature (Tmax in Annex B) or the
37、 equivalent tube metal temperature (Teq in 2.8) and adding an appropriate temperature allowance (see 2.16). A procedure for calculating the maximum tube metal temperature from the heat-flux density is included in Annex B. When the equivalent tube metal temperature is used, the maximum operating temp
38、erature can be greater than the design metal temperature. When the equivalent tube metal temperature is used to determine the design metal temperature, this design metal temperature is only applicable to the rupture design. It is necessary to develop a separate design metal temperature applicable to
39、 the elastic design. The design metal temperature applicable to the elastic design is the maximum calculated tube metal temperature among all operating cases plus the appropriate temperature allowance. 2.6 elastic allowable stress ?el allowable stress for the elastic range See 5.2. 2.7 elastic desig
40、n pressure pel maximum pressure that the heater coil can sustain for short periods of time NOTEThis pressure is usually related to relief-valve settings, pump shut-in pressures, etc. 2.8 equivalent tube metal temperature Teq calculated constant metal temperature that in a specified period of time pr
41、oduces the same creep damage as does a changing metal temperature NOTEIn 4.8 the equivalent tube metal temperature concept is described in more detail. It provides a procedure to calculate the equivalent tube metal temperature based on a linear change of tube metal temperature from start-of-run to e
42、nd-of-run. 2.9 inside diameter i inside diameter of a tube with the corrosion allowance removed; used in the design calculations D? NOTEThe inside diameter of an as-cast tube is the inside diameter of the tube with the porosity and corrosion allowances removed. 2.10 minimum thickness ?min minimum re
43、quired thickness of a new tube, taking into account all appropriate allowances NOTESee Equation (5). 2.11 outside diameter Do outside diameter of a new tube BS EN ISO 13704:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 08:09:11 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolle
44、d Copy, (c) BSI 3 2.12 rupture allowable stress ?r allowable stress for the creep-rupture range See 4.4. 2.13 rupture design pressure pr maximum operating pressure that the coil section can sustain during normal operation 2.14 rupture exponent n parameter used for design in the creep-rupture range N
45、OTE See figures in Annexes E and F. 2.15 stress thickness ? thickness, excluding all thickness allowances, calculated from an equation that uses an allowable stress 2.16 temperature allowance TA part of the design metal temperature that is included for process- or flue-gas mal-distribution, operatin
46、g unknowns, and design inaccuracies NOTE The temperature allowance is added to the calculated maximum tube metal temperature or to the equivalent tube metal temperature to obtain the design metal temperature (see 2.5). 3 General design information 3.1 Information required The design parameters (desi
47、gn pressures, design fluid temperature, corrosion allowance and tube material) shall be defined. In addition, the following information shall be furnished: a) design life of the heater tube; b) whether the equivalent-temperature concept is to be applied and, if so, the operating conditions at the st
48、art and at the end of the run; c) temperature allowance (see ISO 13705), if any; d) corrosion fraction (if different from that shown in Figure 1); e) whether elastic-range thermal-stress limits are to be applied. If any of items a) to e) are not furnished, use the following applicable parameters: ?
49、design life equal to 100 000 h; ? design metal temperature based on the maximum metal temperature (the equivalent-temperature concept shall not apply); BS EN ISO 13704:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 08:09:11 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 ? temperature allowance equal to 15 C (25 F); ? corrosion fraction given in Figure 1; ? elastic-range thermal-stress limits. 3.2 Limitations for design procedures 3.2.1The allowable
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