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1、BS EN 900:2007 ICS 13.060.20; 71.100.80 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Calcium hypochlorite Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:36, Uncontrolled Copy,
2、 (c) BSI This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 3 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 58026 0 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments BS EN 900:2007 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN
3、900:2007. It supersedes BS EN 900:2000 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication
4、does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. 0 September Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:36, Uncontrolled Copy,
5、(c) BSI BS EN 900:2007 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 900 November 2007 ICS 71.100.80Supersedes EN 900:1999 English Version Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Calcium hypochlorite Produits chimiques utiliss pour le traitement de leau destine
6、la consommation humaine - Hypochlorite de calcium Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fr den menschlichen Gebrauch - Calciumhypochlorit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 September 2007. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the cond
7、itions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in thr
8、ee official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of
9、Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN
10、COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 900:2007: E Licensed CopyChinese
11、 University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:36, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 900:2007 EN 900:2007 (E) 2 Contents Foreword4 Introduction.5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references6 3 Description.6 3.1 Identification.6 3.1.1 Chemical name.6 3.1.2 Synonym or common name6 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass.6 3.1.4 E
12、mpirical formula.6 3.1.5 Chemical formula.6 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number 7 3.1.7 EINECS reference 7 3.2 Commercial form .7 3.3 Physical properties7 3.3.1 Appearance 7 3.3.2 Density7 3.3.3 Solubility in water7 3.3.4 Vapour pressure 7 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa .7 3.3.6 Melting point.7 3.3.7 Specific
13、 heat.7 3.3.8 Viscosity, dynamic.7 3.3.9 Critical temperature.7 3.3.10 Critical pressure.8 3.3.11 Physical hardness .8 3.4 Chemical properties 8 4 Purity criteria8 4.1 General8 4.2 Composition of commercial product.8 4.3 Impurities and main by-products.8 4.4 Chemical parameters 9 5 Test methods9 5.1
14、 Sampling.9 5.2 Analysis 9 5.2.1 Determination of calcium hypochlorite content (main product).9 5.2.2 Dissolution quality (available chlorine after 1 min)11 5.2.3 Impurities13 5.2.4 Chemical parameters 15 6 Labelling - Transportation - Storage17 6.1 Means of delivery.17 6.2 Risk and safety labelling
15、 according to the EU Directives 18 6.3 Transportation regulations and labelling18 6.4 Marking.19 6.5 Storage19 6.5.1 General19 6.5.2 Long term stability.19 6.5.3 Storage incompatibilities20 Annex A (informative) General information on calcium hypochlorite 21 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong K
16、ong, 21/10/2008 04:36, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 900:2007 EN 900:2007 (E) 3 A.1 Origin 21 A.1.1 Raw materials.21 A.1.2 Manufacturing process.21 A.2 Use 21 A.2.1 Function21 A.2.2 Form in which it is used21 A.2.3 Treatment dose21 A.2.4 Means of application.21 A.2.5 Secondary effects21 A.2.6 Rem
17、oval of excess product22 Annex B (normative) General rules relating to safety 23 B.1 Rules for safe handling and use 23 B.2 Emergency procedures.23 B.2.1 First aid.23 B.2.2 Spillage.23 B.2.3 Fire 23 Annex C (normative) Determination of arsenic, antimony and selenium (atomic absorption spectrometry h
18、ydride technique).24 C.1 General principle .24 C.2 Interferences 24 C.3 Reagents.24 C.4 Apparatus.26 C.4.1 General26 C.4.2 Atomic absorption spectrometer.26 C.4.3 Atomizer .26 C.5 Procedure.27 C.5.1 Preparation of the apparatus27 C.5.2 Preparation of calibration solutions28 C.5.3 Preparation of test
19、 solutions and standard solutions.28 C.5.4 Determination of arsenic with sodium borohydride 28 C.5.5 Determination of selenium with sodium borohydride .28 C.5.6 Determination of antimony with sodium borohydride.29 C.6 Calculation .29 C.7 Repeatability limit29 Annex D (informative) 30 Environmental,
20、health and safety precautions within chemical laboratory.30 Bibliography31 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:36, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 900:2007 EN 900:2007 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 900:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water suppl
21、y”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2008. Attention
22、is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 900:1999. Significant technical differences between this edition and
23、 EN 900:1999 are as follows: a) deletion of the reference to EU Directive 80/778/EEC of 15 July 1980 in order to take account of the latest Directive in force (see 1); b) amended values regarding the maximum water content and water soluble substance; c) updated references in regard to the determinat
24、ion of mercury; d) revision of warning and safety precautions notes; e) incorporation of Annex D (informative). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria
25、, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed CopyChinese University
26、 of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:36, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 900:2007 EN 900:2007 (E) 5 Introduction With respect to potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption caused by the product covered by this European Standard: a) this European Standard provides no in
27、formation as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product rema
28、in in force. NOTE Conformity with this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the products in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the products covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. Licensed Copy
29、Chinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:36, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 900:2007 EN 900:2007 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to calcium hypochlorite used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics of calcium hypochlorite
30、 and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for calcium hypochlorite. It provides information on its use in water treatment. It also determines the rules relating to safe handling and use of calcium hypochlorite (see Annex B). 2 Normative references The following referenced do
31、cuments are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1483, Water quality - Determination of mercury - Method using atomic abso
32、rption spectrometry EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use - Safety in sampling ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use - Sampling Vocabulary ISO 8213, Chemical products for i
33、ndustrial use - Sampling techniques - Solid chemical products in the form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps ISO 8288, Water quality - Determination of cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric methods ISO 9174, Water quality - Determinatio
34、n of chromium - Atomic absorption spectrometric methods 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name Calcium hypochlorite. 3.1.2 Synonym or common name None. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass 142,99. 3.1.4 Empirical formula Ca(ClO)2. 3.1.5 Chemical formula Ca(ClO)2. Licensed CopyChinese Universi
35、ty of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:36, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 900:2007 EN 900:2007 (E) 7 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number 1) 7778-54-3. 3.1.7 EINECS reference 2) 231-908-7. 3.2 Commercial form The product is available as a granular solid or in the form of tablets. 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appear
36、ance The product is white free-flowing granules or white tablets. 3.3.2 Density The bulk density is approximately 0,8 g/cm3 to 1 g/cm3 for loose granular material and 1,2 g/cm3 to 1,3 g/cm3 for tablets, while the density of one tablet is approximately 1,7 g/cm3 to 1,9 g/cm3. 3.3.3 Solubility in wate
37、r The solubility is 180 g/l at 25 C. 3.3.4 Vapour pressure Not applicable. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa 3) Not applicable. 3.3.6 Melting point Not applicable as the product decomposes at 177 C. 3.3.7 Specific heat Not known. 3.3.8 Viscosity, dynamic Not applicable. 3.3.9 Critical temperature Not a
38、pplicable. 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2) European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. 3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:36, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 900:2007 EN 900:2007 (E) 8 3.3.10 Critical pressure Not app
39、licable. 3.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3.4 Chemical properties Solutions of calcium hypochlorite are alkaline. The pH value of a solution of concentration 10 g/l is about 11,5 at 25 C. Calcium hypochlorite is a strong oxidant and chlorination agent. It reacts with acids or acidic salts to
40、 form chlorine, and can form explosive nitrogen chlorides with ammonia and ammonia compounds. In the presence of inflammable substances, it causes fires and explosions of organic compounds, oxidation reactions occur with the release of heat and of moisture, and it is also highly corrosive to most me
41、tals. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for calcium hypochlorite used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the product. Depending on the raw material and the manufac
42、turing process other impurities may be present and if so, then the user, and when necessary the relevant authorities, shall be notified. NOTE Users of the product should check the national regulations to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for human consumptio
43、n, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the product not stated in this product standard Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current
44、production process and raw materials. If in the production process or raw materials lead to significant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.2 Composition of commercial product The product shall contain a minimum of a mass fraction o
45、f 65,5 % of calcium hypochlorite (equivalent to an available active chlorine content of at least a mass fraction of 65 %. Dissolution quality, calculated as available chlorine which is obtainable within 1 min after dissolution in water, shall not be less than a mass fraction of 45, 5 %. NOTE The wat
46、er content at the time of delivery should not exceed a mass fraction of 16 % of the product. As the test method is usually not conducted by the user without danger of explosion, the manufacturer should guarantee to maintain this value. If necessary a test laboratory can be requested to carry out thi
47、s test. This determination should be carried out by specialists only. 4.3 Impurities and main by-products The sodium chloride content shall not exceed a mass fraction of 18 % of the product. The content of water-insoluble matter shall not exceed a mass fraction of 6 % of the product. NOTE 1 The wate
48、r insoluble matter consists mainly of carbonates. NOTE 2 Calcium chlorate can be present as a by-product of the production process. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 04:36, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 900:2007 EN 900:2007 (E) 9 4.4 Chemical parameters The product shall co
49、nform to the requirements specified in Table 1. Table 1 Chemical parameters Parameter Limit in mg/kg of available chlorine Type 1 Type 2 Arsenic (As) max. 5 10 Cadmium (Cd) max. 5 10 Chromium (Cr) max. 15 15 Mercury (Hg) max. 5 7 Nickel (Ni) max. 8 10 Lead (Pb) max. 15 15 Antimony (Sb) max. 15 15 Selenium (Se) max. 20 20 Limit in g/kg of available chlorine Bromate max. 2,1 4,2 a Bromate is a by-product of the manufacturing process. NOTE Cyanide, which does not exist in a strong oxidizing medium such as calcium hypochlorite is not a relevant chemical paramet
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