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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 12777-2:2000 Th
2、e European Standard EN ISO 12777-2:2000 has the status of a British Standard ICS 21.060.50; 21.060.70; 55.180.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Methods of test for pallet joints Part 2: Determination of withdrawal and head pull-through resistance of pallet nai
3、ls and staples Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 13:16:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committ
4、ee and comes into effect on 15 August 2000 BSI 08-2000 ISBN 0 580 34970 5 BS EN ISO 12777-2:2000 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 12777-2:2000. It is identical with ISO 12777-2:2000. Th
5、e UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PKW/3, Distribution packaging, transport packaging and unit loads, to Subcommittee PKW/3/4, Pallets, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European com
6、mittee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-
7、references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement these international or European publications may be
8、found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards
9、 are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii t
10、o iv, pages 1 to 10, the annex ZA page and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 13:16:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROP
11、ISCHE NORM EN ISO 12777-2 April 2000 ICS English version Methods of test for pallet joints - Part 2: Determination of withdrawal and head pull-through resistance of pallet nails and staples (ISO 12777-2:2000) Mthodes dessai des assemblages de palettes - Partie 2: Dtermination de larrachage et de la
12、rsistance de la tte des clous et clous cavaliers de palettes (ISO 12777- 2:2000) Prfungen von Verbindungen an Paletten - Teil 2: Prfung des Auszugs- und Kopfdurchzugswiderstandes von Ngeln und Klammern (ISO 12777-2:2000) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 April 2000. CEN members are bo
13、und to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the
14、Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status
15、 as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDI
16、ZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2000 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 12777-2:2000 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffie
17、ldun, na, Sat Nov 18 13:16:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Foreword The text of the International Standard ISO 12777-2:2000 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 51 “Pallets for unit load method of materials handling“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Pack
18、aging“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2000, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2000
19、. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, P
20、ortugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard ISO 12777-2:2000 was approved by CEN as a European Standard without any modification. NOTE: Normative references to International Standards are listed in annex ZA (normative). EN ISO
21、 12777-2:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 13:16:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 12777-2:2000(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12777-2 First edition 2000-04-15 Methods of test for pallet joints Part 2: Determination of withdrawal and head pul
22、l-through resistance of pallet nails and staples Mthodes dessai des assemblages de palettes Partie 2: Dtermination de larrachage et de la rsistance de la tte des clous et clous cavaliers de palettes EN ISO 12777-2:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 13:16:00 GMT+00:00 2006, U
23、ncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii? EN ISO 12777-2:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 13:16:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ?iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodie
24、s). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and n
25、on-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Pa
26、rt 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of
27、this part of ISO 12777 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 12777-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 51,Pallets for unit load method of materials handling. ISO 12777 consists of the
28、following parts, under the general titleMethods of test for pallet joints: ?Part 1: Determination of bending resistance of pallet nails, other dowel-type fasteners and staples ?Part 2: Determination of withdrawal and head pull-through resistance of pallet nails and staples ?Part 3: Determination of
29、pallet joint strength EN ISO 12777-2:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 13:16:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv? Introduction In 1988 ISO/TC 51 considered developing standard test methods for pallet joints. It became evident that the lack of International Stan
30、dards on nail testing meant that fasteners (essential elements of pallet joints) could not be characterized sufficiently to enable worthwhile progress on full joint testing. Although there were existing, or partially developed, nail testing principles, it was considered that, in a practical situatio
31、n where, for quality control purposes or comparisons of nail quality, reasonably accurate and rapid nail strength data were required, one or both, of the two existing commercial nail testers were better suited to the needs of pallet makers, pallet test laboratories and nail manufacturers. This is no
32、w ISO 12777-1. Preliminary work led the manufacturers of both machines to make design modifications to improve accuracy. An evaluation, carried out with the cooperation of the manufacturers/agents of each nail test machine, demonstrated that the technical requirements for nail test machines/principl
33、es were met by both machines. The principles of these test methods are given in ISO 12777-1. They are primarily concerned with pallet joints in shear configuration. This part of ISO 12777 extends the possibility of characterizing nails with relation to their axial configuration and the methods invol
34、ve standard laboratory testing equipment. However, these tests are more complex than those in part 1 and are not suitable for routine quality control of pallets or pallet joints. Additionally, the highly significant influence of delayed testing must be considered in all parts of ISO 12777. Values of
35、 strength frequently increase even a few days after wood joint assembly and delayed testing may be more relevant to long-term pallet usage. EN ISO 12777-2:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 13:16:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ?1 Methods of test for pallet joi
36、nts Part 2: Determination of withdrawal and head pull-through resistance of pallet nails and staples 1?Scope This part of ISO 12777 specifies methods of determining the resistance of pallet nails and staples to axial load by specifying test methods for determining: a)?characteristics and maximum loa
37、d for axially loaded nailed or stapled joints (wood to wood); b)?characteristics and maximum load for axially loaded nailed or stapled joints (for wood to wood-based materials and wood to non-wood-based materials, such as plastics). These test methods apply to joints with all types of nails up to 7
38、mm in diameter (including plain round shank, square, fluted, twisted, helical and annular threaded) and may also be suitable for other fasteners such as wood staples. 2?Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisi
39、ons of this part of ISO 12777. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 12777 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative d
40、ocuments indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 445:1996,Pallets for material handling Vocabulary. ISO 1133,Plastics Determination of the melt
41、 mass-flow rate (MFR) and the melt volume-flow rate (MVR) of thermoplastics. ISO 1183:1987,Plastics Methods for determining the density and relative density of non-cellular plastics. ISO 3130,Wood Determination of moisture content for physical and mechanical tests. ISO 3131,Wood Determination of den
42、sity for physical and mechanical tests. ISO 6891:1983,Timber structures Joints made with mechanical fasteners General principles for the determination of strength and deformation characteristics. ISO 8970,Timber structures Testing of joints made with mechanical fasteners Requirements for wood densit
43、y. ISO 12777-1,Methods of test for pallet joints Part 1: Determination of bending resistance of pallet nails, other dowel-type fasteners and staples. EN ISO 12777-2:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 13:16:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2? 3?Terms and definiti
44、ons For the purposes of this part of ISO 12777, the nail and staple terminology given in ISO 445:1996 and the following terms and definitions apply. Other symbols are shown in Table 1. 3.1 nail straight fastener made from round or square stock, usually pointed and headed, designed to be impulse driv
45、en 3.2 nail shank diameter d diameter measured over the plain section 3.3 staple double right angled or U-shaped round, oval, square or rectangular wire fastener with two legs, usually of the same length and usually pointed, connected by its crown 3.4 staple crown connection between the two staple l
46、egs 3.5 crown width L distance between the staple legs 3.6 staple length l length of each staple leg, including the point, to the underside of the crown 3.7 crown angle smallest angle measured between the crown direction and grain direction 3.8 crown centre centre of staple crown from which all wood
47、 end and edge distances, as well as distances between staples, are measured 3.10 staple diameter d dimension of each staple leg in the round section Table 1 Symbols Nail head diameter Head countersink angle Staple width Staple thickness Distance between nails D ? T t P mm degrees mm mm mm EN ISO 127
48、77-2:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 13:16:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ?3 Key 1?Crown centre 2?Crown angle Figure 1 Staples: Definitions and measurements 4?Materials 4.1? Non-timber materials 4.1.1?If the material is not of uniform density or it exhibits
49、 grain effects, this shall be recorded and separate tests shall be conducted to measure the effect of such anisotropicity. 4.1.2?Plastics shall have the tensile strength of finished material (MoR), the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and melt volume flow rate (MVR) recorded in accordance with ISO 1133, and density in accordance with ISO 1183. 4.2? Timber 4.2.1?The timber shall be selected in accordance with ISO 8970. 4.2.2?For comparative tests on different types of fastener, nails or staples shall be driven into a wood specimen cut
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